Hematological and immunological development from birth to six months of age in Holstein calves

Baccili, C.C.; Oliveira, S.M.F.N. de; Costa, J.F.R; Massoco, C.O.; Pozzi, C.R.; Gomes, V.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-9416

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Veterinary Medicine • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 70 (06) • Nov-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9416 copy

Hematological and immunological development from birth to six months of age in Holstein calves

Desenvolvimento hematológico e imunológico em bezerros Holandeses do nascimento aos seis meses de idade

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The hematological and immunological development of calves from birth to 6 months of age was performed by hemogram and cellular phenotype. Ten male Holstein calves were assessed in 13 moments: before colostrum intake (D0), every 2 days until the 10^th day of life (D2 to D10), at the 15^th day after birth (D15), and then monthly up to 6 months (D180). Calves presented hemoconcentration on day (D) 0 and showed a gradual decrease in hematimetric rates until D180. The inversion of the neutrophilic for lymphocytic profile was observed on D4. The percentage of CD3⁺ cells on D10 was higher than D30 up to D180. The number of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells did not change between time points. The number of CD21⁺ lymphocytes was significantly higher at early time points of D0 up to D15, compared on D30 until D150. In conclusion, the neonatal period was marked by stress leukogram in the first 4 days, and low number of B lymphocytes. These might be risk factors for bacterial infections responsible for navel inflammation and diarrhea. The increase in the number of B cells from 30 days of age demonstrated that the calves were functional and able to generate an immune response.

Keywords:
bovine; immune system; leukogram; immunophenotyping; flow cytometry

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[1] E-mail: camila.rcosta@usp.br

Primary	Clones	Secondary	Isotypes	Specificity
CD3	MM1A	PerCP^®, rat anti-mouse	IgG1	T lymphocytes
CD4	IL-A11	rPE^®, goat anti-mouse	IgG2a	T Helper
CD8	BAQ111A	FITIC^®, goat anti-mouse	IgM	T cytotoxic
CD21	BAQ15A	IgM	B Lymphocytes

Moments	RBC (x 10⁶ /µL)	HGB (g/dL)	HCT (%)	MCV (fL)	MCH (pg)	MCHC (%)
D0	8.5±1.3^a	12.5±2.3^a	39±6^a	46 ± 1^af	14.5±1.3^ab	32±2^a
D2	7.2±1.3^ab	10.5±1.9^a	31±5^ab	43 ± 1^ac	14.5±0.7^a	33±2^a
D4	6.8±1.4^b	10.0±1.8^a	30±4^b	42 ± 2^acd	13.8±1.7^ab	33±4^a
D6	7.1±1.4^b	9.3±2.5^a	30±4^b	42 ± 2^cde	13.2±3.0^ab	31±8^a
D8	7.5±1.2^ab	10.2±1.3^a	31±4^b	41 ± 1^de	13.5±0.9^a	33±4^a
D10	7.7±1.1^ab	9.7±1.6^a	31±4^b	41 ± 2^ae	13.3±1.1^ab	33±3^a
D15	8.5±1.2^ab	10.0±1.6^a	33±3^ab	40 ± 3^bcde	12.1±1.8^ab	31±5^a
D30	10±1.4^ab	11.1±1.6^a	36±6^ab	37 ± 3^bde	11.7±1.2^ab	31±3^a
D60	9.8±1.7^ab	10.0±2.0^a	34±6^ab	37 ± 2^b	10.6±1.1^b	29±3^a
D90	9.2±1.8^ab	10.8±1.1^a	33±4^ab	38 ± 4^bcde	12.3±1.6^ab	33±2^a
D120	9.6±0.5^ab	10.1±0.6^a	33±5^ab	36 ± 3^b	11.2±1.2^ab	31±2^a
D150	9.7±1.7^ab	10.1±1.2^a	34±6^ab	36 ± 2^bg	10.7±2.1^ab	29±2^a
D180	9.2±2.1^ab	9.7±1.5^a	33±7^ab	33 ± 9^bdef	10.3±2.0^ab	29±5^a

Moments	Leukocytes	Segmented Neutrophils		Monocytes		Lymphocytes
Moments	(x 10³/µL)	(%)	(x 10³/µL)	(%)	(x 10³/µL)	(%)	(x 10³/µL)
D0	15 ± 4^a	62 ± 12^a	9.04 ± 3^a	11 ± 1^a	1.45 ± 0.48^a	25 ± 10^a	3.52 ± 1.99^a
D2	13 ± 4^ab	54 ± 19^ab	7.49 ± 4^ab	9 ± 2^a	1.22 ± 1.13^a	33 ± 14^ab	4.12 ± 1.64^a
D4	10 ± 2^ab	34 ± 19^ab	3.58 ± 2^ab	15 ± 1^a	1.57 ± 0.53^a	44 ± 14^ab	4.27 ± 1.17^a
D6	9 ± 4^b	31±6^b	2.99±1^b	14±2^a	1.37±0.98^a	54±9^b	4.39±1.29^a
D8	11 ± 4^ab	37 ± 15^ab	4.52 ± 3^ab	13 ± 2^a	1.47 ± 0.84^a	49 ± 15^ab	4.87 ± 1.13^a
D10	12 ± 4^ab	46 ± 11^ab	5.88 ± 3^ab	10 ± 2^a	1.33 ± 0.61^a	43 ± 13^ab	4.55 ± 1.15^a
D15	10 ± 4^ab	35 ± 14^ab	3.85 ± 3^ab	15 ± 2^a	1.39 ± 0.47^a	49 ± 10^b	4.94 ± 1.93^a
D30	11 ± 2^ab	25±13^b	2.88 ± 2^ab	14 ± 1^a	1.62 ± 0.60^a	56 ± 13^b	6.37 ± 1.22^a
D60	11 ± 3^ab	38 ± 9^b	4.39 ± 2^b	15 ± 1^a	1.64 ± 0.46^a	43 ± 5^b	5.06 ± 1.48^a
D90	12 ± 4^ab	37 ± 16^b	4.74 ± 3^ab	14 ± 1^a	1.59 ± 0.35^a	45 ± 13^b	5.12 ± 1.35^a
D120	10 ± 3^ab	38 ± 14^ab	4.10 ± 2^ab	13 ± 2^a	1.49 ± 1.19^a	44 ± 9^ab	4.3 ± 0.99^a
D150	9 ± 4^ab	33 ± 13^b	2.96 ± 2^b	11 ± 1^a	1.12 ± 0.69^a	50 ± 10^b	4.51 ± 2.62^a
D180	10 ± 4^ab	31 ± 11^ab	2.99 ± 2^b	10 ± 1^a	1,11 ± 0,69^a	54 ± 11^b	5.15 ± 2.18^a