Ultrasonography of the stomach and small intestine in healthy Mangalarga Marchador horses from birth to 5 years of age

Pessoa, G.O.; Botelho, J.H.V.; Lacreta Junior, A.C.C.; Ferrante, M.; Sousa, T.M.; Peconick, A.P.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-12814

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Veterinary Medicine and Technology and Inspection of Animal Products • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 75 (2) • Mar-Apr 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12814 copy

Ultrasonography of the stomach and small intestine in healthy Mangalarga Marchador horses from birth to 5 years of age

[Ultrassonografia de estômago e intestino delgado de equinos Mangalarga Marchador saudáveis desde o nascimento até cinco anos de idade]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to describe location, sonographic characteristics and measures of the stomach and small intestine of equines at different ages. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed on 88 healthy equines of either sex, aged 1, 7 and 15 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 months and 1, 3 and 5 years, with 20 animals per group. Location, characteristics and measurements of stomach, duodenum and jejunum were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were performed for each measurement and the percentile for each age was analyzed. The work showed the growth and characteristics of the organs evaluated over time. Adult animals showed a minimum of 4 duodenal movements per minute. It was possible to locate the organs evaluated in all animals. The detailed ultrasound examination of these organs allowed gathering information that could be used to assist in the care of future patients.

Keywords:
equine; ultrasound; abdominal; duodenum; jejunum

Values (mm)	Age (days)
	1	7	15	30	60	90	120	150	180	210	240	270	300	330	360	1095	1825
Minimum	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.5	1.6	2.2	2.1
P10	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.8	2.0	1.7	1.9	2.3	1.7	1.9	2.2	2.2
P25	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.8	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.6	1.8	2.0	2.6	2.5
P50	1.7	2.0	1.9	1.8	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.5	2.8	2.1	2.4	2.7	2.9
P75	1.8	2.3	2.5	2.0	1.9	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.7	2.7	3.0	2.9	2.5	3.0	3.0	3.6
P90	2.1	2.6	3.1	2.1	2.1	2.4	2.4	2.7	2.6	2.9	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.5	3.3	4.0
Maximum	2.3	3.2	3.5	3.0	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.4	3.8	3.5	3.8	3.9	3.7	4.5

Values (mm)	Age (days)
Values (mm)	1	7	15	30	60	90	120	150	180	210	240	270	300	330	360	1095	1825
Wall thickness (mm)
Minimum	1.1	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.2	1.9	2.0	1.4	2.1	1.2
P10	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.9	2.2	2.2	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.2	2.2
P25	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.7	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.5
P50	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.7	2.7
P75	1.9	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.6	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.5	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.9	3.0
P90	1.9	2.9	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.7	3.0	2.6	2.7	2.9	3.0	3.2	3.0	3.3	3.3	3.5
Maximum	2.0	3.0	2.7	2.9	3.3	3.2	2.9	3.4	3.1	2.8	3.6	3.1	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.7	4.6
Diameter (mm)
Minimum	11.7	13.0	12.3	13.6	13.3	15.6	21.3	15.6	21.5	22.8	22.2	22.3	20.7	20.5	19.6	25.5	12.8
P10	12.9	16.6	15.8	15.6	1.5.5	20.1	23.8	19.8	24.8	26.8	29.1	27.2	25.6	23.3	22.4	26.7	24.8
P25	14.9	18.0	18.3	19.4	17.0	22.9	26.2	23.5	26.4	27.9	30.6	29.8	28.9	28.9	28.0	30.9	27.3
P50	18.3	22.7	21.1	22.3	21.0	24.9	27.9	25.5	29.8	31.0	34.2	31.3	31.9	35.0	31.9	36.6	34.1
P75	20.2	27.1	22.4	26.2	25.1	26.9	29.0	29.2	35.9	34.3	36.3	36.2	34.8	38.7	35.1	40.5	41.5
P90	23.7	28.0	25.5	29.7	34.1	31.3	31.6	30.4	39.0	37.1	40.7	43.4	38.1	43.6	38.4	45.9	51.0
Maximum	36.3	31.1	29.0	30.6	41.1	40.8	42.8	32.7	39.6	39.9	44.9	54.0	43.4	48.4	48.6	53.6	56.3

Values	Age(days)
	1	7	15	30	60	90	120	150	180	210	240	270	300	330	360	1095	1825
Minimum							2	2	3	3	2	3	2	2	2	2	4
P10							3	3	3	3	3	4	4	3	4	3	4
P25							3	3	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
P50							4	4	4	4	5	5	5	5	4	5	5
P75							5	4	5	5	6	6	6	5	5	6	6
P90							6	6	5	6	6	7	6	6	6	6	6
Maximum							7	6	6	7	8	9	6	7	9	7	7

Values (mm)	Age (days)
	1	7	15	30	60	90	120	150	180	210	240	270	300	330	360	1095	1825
Wall thickness (mm)
Minimum	01.0	1.1	1.1	1.4	1.0	1.7	2.0	2.0	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.4	2.1	1.2	1.9	2.0	1.7
P10	01.2	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.4	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.8	2.2	1.6	2.0	2.2	2.0
P25	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.5	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.2
P50	1.5	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.8	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.4
P75	1.8	2.2	2.4	2.4	2.0	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.5	2.7	2.9
P90	2.1	2.6	2.8	2.9	2.7	2.6	2.8	3.1	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.9	2.6	3.0	3.0
Maximum	2.4	3.1	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.4	2.9	3.4	2.9	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.2	3.3	3.6
Diameter (mm)
Minimum	11.3	12.1	13.7	10.7	16.6	20.6	17.9	17.2	20.3	12.4	18.1	21.3	17.9	19.0	17.1	21.6	18.5
P10	13.0	14.5	13.9	15.7	17.3	21.3	21.1	19.9	22.9	22.4	18.8	21.6	19.6	23.7	21.8	24.2	21.9
P25	13.5	15.4	16.7	18.1	21.1	22.7	22.9	21.3	23.8	24.6	23.1	23.9	24.8	25.6	24.3	27.3	25.0
P50	15.7	18.2	18.9	21.7	23.0	26.1	25.2	23.7	26.0	28.2	28.2	30.7	30.9	30.8	26.0	32.3	30.5
P75	18.3	19.2	22.2	28.5	27.1	29.2	27.5	27.5	29.2	31.2	33.9	38.8	34.1	33.6	29.7	40.2	34.9
P90	21.8	20.3	23.8	32.1	30.9	31.7	30.5	28.5	31.3	38.5	37.9	40.6	37.9	37.0	42.2	47.0	39.1
Maximum	26.5	28.5	30.2	34.4	33.5	33.9	31.0	33.1	37.0	43.2	45.4	47.5	46.1	45.0	51.1	51.8	48.9

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[1] *Corresponding author: anappeconick@ufla.br