Triticale silage replaces sorghum silage in finishing of Braford heifers

Oliveira, A.M.; Silva, L.D.F.; Souza, A.P.O.; Ribeiro, E.L.A.; Jobim, C.C.; Bumbieris Júnior, V.H.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-12297

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Animal Science and Technology and Inspection of Animal Products • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 73 (05) • Sep-Oct 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12297 linkcopy

Triticale silage replaces sorghum silage in finishing of Braford heifers

[Silagem de triticale substitui silagem de sorgo na terminação de novilhas da raça Braford]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sorghum silage substitution with different proportions of triticale silage on the performance and carcass of Braford heifers. Twenty-four Braford heifers were randomly assigned to four diets where sorghum silage was replaced at 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100% for triticale silage in a feedlot system. During sixty-tree days of the experiment, the feed intake, feed ratio conversion, and average daily gain were measured. The heifers were slaughtered and the effects of the sorghum and triticale silage in carcass characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of sorghum silage with triticale silage did not affect the feed intake and average daily gain (P> 0.05). Feed gain ratio was higher for the heifers that received lower proportions of triticale silage (0% and 30%) in replace sorghum silage (P <0.05). Eye loin area and fat thickness were similar among treatments (P<0.05). Other carcass characteristics, such as slaughter live weight, dressing percentage, conformation and fat classification were similar among experimental treatments (P<0.005). Triticale silage can replace sorghum silage for finishing beef heifers in feedlot system and provides similar carcass characteristics.

Keywords: beef cattle; carcass; Sorghum bicolor; X. Triticosecale Wittmack; winter cereals

Chemical composition (%DM)	TS	SS	Fermentation profile (%DM)	TS	SS
Dry matter (%NM)	39.19	30.17	pH	4.24	4.22
Crude protein	8.64	7.63	Ammoniacal nitrogen(%CP)	5.82	6.69
NDIP (% CP)	0.91	0.57	Lactic acid	2.77	2.52
ADIP (% CP)	8.38	4.50	Acetic Acid	1.69	2.42
Ethereal extract	2.11	2.31	Butyric acid	0.00	0.15
NDF	58.22	46.10	Fermentative losses	2.84	4.66
Lignin	4.38	2.60
Starch	12.10	25.22
Mineral matter	5.83	5.95
NFC	26.11	39.58

Variables (% DM)	Levels of triticale silage (%)
Variables (% DM)	0	30	60	100
Dry matter (% NM)	50.31	52.74	55.42	59.44
Crude Protein	12.76	12.63	13.71	13.64
Ethereal Extract	3.19	3.70	2.93	2.98
Neutral Detergent Fiber	29.39	30.82	31.95	34.26
Lignin	1.04	1.25	1.47	1.75
Organic matter	86.43	86.28	86.22	86.21
Total Digestible Nutrients	67.22	66.31	64.48	62.46
Metabolizable energy (Mcal/kg DM)	2.53	2.45	2.45	2.36

Intake (kg)	Levels of triticale silage (%)				Periods
Intake (kg)	0	30	60	100	P1	P2	P3
DM	10.30±0,35	10.25±0,34	10.47±0,36	9.89±0,35	8.59±0,37c	11.65±0,36a	10.44±0,38b
CP	1.60 ±0,054	1.61±0,052	1.66±0,054	1.60±0,052	1.38±0,056c	1.82±0,056a	1.66±0,056b
EE	0.40±0,012	0.39±0,011	0.40±0,012	0.37±0,011	0.33±0,011c	0.44±0,011a	0.39±0,011b
NDF	3.46±0,016	3.32±0,015	3.42±0,016	3.17±0,015	2.74±0,017c	3.84±0,018a	3.44±0,017b
Lignin	0.10±0,009	0.11±0,009	0.13±0,009	0.15±0,009	0.09±0,009b	0.15±0,009a	0.13±0,01a
MM	0.46±0,016	0.47±0,015	0.48±0,016	0.46±0,015	0.39±0,017c	0.54±0,016a	0.48±0,017b

Variables	Levels of triticale silage (%)				Periods
Variables	0	30	60	100	P1	P2	P3
Fed: ratio (kg)	7.32±0,088b	7.53±0,091b	8.41±0,091a	8.59±0,088a	6.11±0,144C	9.35±0,142A	8.43±0,147B
ADG (kg/kg)	1.43±0,36	1.35±0,36	1.28±0,36	1.27±0,36	1.40±0,35	1.31±0,35	1.27±0,35
SLW (kg)	452.1±0,85	437.1±0,85	431.5±0,85	423.1±0,85	-	-	-
Dressing percentage (%)	55.16±0,36	56.15±0,36	54.90±0,36	56.33±0,36	-	-	-
Conformation classification	3.5±0,27	3.2±0,27	3.3±0,27	3.3±0,27	-	-	-
Fat classification	3.3±0,26	2.7±0,26	3±0,26	3±0,26	-	-	-
ELA (cm²)	60.68±1,88	60.86±1,88	63.97±1,88	62.63±1,88	-	-	-
FT (mm)	8.8±0,48	8.9±0,48	7.7±0,48	7.1±0,48	-	-	-

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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[TFN1] TS: triticale silage; SS: sorghum silage; NDIP: neutral detergent insoluble protein; ADIP: acid detergent insoluble protein; detergent; NDF: neutral detergent fiber; NFC: non-fibrous carbohydrates;