Ropivacaine sole or associated to methadone or morphine, by epidural route, in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Andrade, N.R.; Santos, B.C.P.; Caires, L.P.; Azevedo, M.C.; Martins, E.F.; Sande, J.Q.; Costa, J.M.; Barbosa, V.F.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-10359

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Medicina Veterinária • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 71 (02) • Mar-Apr 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10359 linkcopy

Ropivacaine sole or associated to methadone or morphine, by epidural route, in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological, sedative and analgesic effects of epidural administration of ropivacaine sole or associated to morphine or methadone. Twenty-four bitches were submitted to ovariohysterectomy and received acepromazine and after, propofol and isoflurane (FiO ₂ = 1.0) for anesthesia induction and maintenance, respectively. Based on established epidural protocol (L7-S1), three groups were formed: GR (ropivacaine - 2.0mg/kg); GRMETA (ropivacaine - 2.0mg/kg and methadone - 0.3mg/kg) and GRMORF (ropivacaine - 2.0mg/kg and morphine - 0.1mg/kg). Intraoperative physiological parameters and degrees of postoperative sedation and analgesia were recorded. In the GR, the means of arterial pressures, 30 minutes after epidural anesthesia, were higher compared with GRMETA (systolic and mean) and, at the end of the clinical procedure, compared to GRMORF (systolic, diastolic and mean). Differences between groups were not observed for postoperative analgesia and degree of sedation. Epidural administration of ropivacaine is safe and effective and provides good analgesia regardless of its association with morphine or methadone.

Keywords: dogs; analgesia; anesthesia; locoregional; opioids

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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[TFN1] Médias seguidas por letras maiúsculas diferentes, nas colunas, demonstram diferença entre grupos (P<0,05). Médias seguidas por letras minúsculas diferentes, nas linhas, demonstram diferença entre momentos (P<0,05).

Variável	Grupo	Momentos
Variável	Grupo	M1	M2	M3	M4	M5	M6	M7	M8
FC (bpm)	GR GRMORF GRMETA	108±14 121±±33^a 108±19^a	93±11 99±11^ab 85±14^ab	94±7,0 93±8,2^ab 85±12^b	103±11 110±16^a 96±11^ab	98±9,2 99±11^ab 100±11^b	95±11 96±10^b 88±8,1^ab	96±17 95±12^b 88±5,0^ab	95±17 93±9,2^b 92±14^ab
PAS (mmHg)	GR GRMORF GRMETA	116±10 122±15ª 126±16ª	93±20 82±5,7^b 84±13^b	93±6,1^A 82±13^ABb 73±14^Bb	97±21 100±15ª 96±18^ab	107±24 88±5,7^b 95±25^b	96±21 82±15^b 85±22^b	87±21 82±18^b 75±10^b	97±14^A 81±11^Bb 86±7,3^ABb
PAD (mmHg)	GR GRMORF GRMETA	85±13^a 80±17^a 88±17^a	56±16^b 42±9,2^b 48±13^b	59±12^b 47±13^b 42±20^b	62±20^ab 63±15^ab 54±14^b	70±22^ab 59±18^ab 60±20^ab	59±17^ab 43±14^b 51±18^ab	55±17^b 45±15^b 39±4,0^b	64±14^Ab 39±3,9^Bb 50±7,9^ABb
PAM (mmHg)	GR GRMORF GRMETA	96±16^a 92±15ª 99±20^a	68±16^b 55±11^ab 59±14^b	73±8,9^Ab 59±10^ABab 47±13^Bb	75±19^ab 77±17^ab 66±14^ab	83±24^ab 69±18^ab 70±20^ab	73±19^ab 56±1^b 61±18^b	67±19^ab 58±11^b 51±6,0^b	76±13^Aab 56±14^Bab 64±16^ABb
f (mpm)	GR GRMORF GRMETA	31±8,8^a 38±20^a 28±9,2^a	9,4±2,6^b 8,5±6,0^b 9,8±4,8^b	10±3,1^b 11±7,1^b 9,5±4,4^b	13±2,8^b 7,9±4,3^b 8,6±3,2^b	11±5,1^b 6,9±2,0^b 8,5±2,3^b	11±4,1^b 8,8±3,0^b 9,0±4,0^b	8,9±6,7^b 10±3,5^ab 8,0±4,1^b	16±7,9^b 10±5,0^ab 9,8±3,1^b
SpO₂	GR GRMORF GRMETA	^_____ ^_____ ^_____	99±1,5 97±1,4 98±1,9	98±1,5 97±2,1 97±2,7	97±2,1 97±2,2 99±1,1	98±1,4 97±2,5 99±0,74	98±1,5^AB 97±2,8^A 98±1,2^B	98±2,0 97±2,3 99±1,8	98±1,3 97±2,1 99±1,8
T °C	GR GRMORF GRMETA	38±0,26^a 38±0,48^a 38±0,46^a	37±0,71^ab 37±0,91^b 37±0,71^b	37±0,91^b 37±0,99^bc 37±0,73^bc	36±1,1^bc 36±1,0^bc 36±0,79^bc	36±1,2^bc 36±1,0^bc 36±0,85^bc	36±1,3^bc 36±1,0^bc 36±0,84^c	35±1,2^bc 36±0,91^bc 35±0,84^c	35±1,3^c 35±0,81^c 35±0,88^c

	Tempo para restabelecimento
Variável	GR	GRMORF	GRMETA
Tônus de esfincter anal	372,10±33,19^A	179,00±33,42^B	287,50±68,12^C
Tônus caudal	345,50±30,98^A	187,00±59,47^B	246,30±58,61^C
Reflexo interdigital	347,60±61,47	212,80±123,10	290,40±117,00
Deambulação normal	437,60±75,81	405,30±213,00	405,30±142,70

Momentos	Pontuação Final	Número de animais
Momentos	Pontuação Final	GR	GRMORF	GRMETA
MP0	0	5 (62,5%)	7 (87,5%)	6 (75,0%)
	1	3 (37,5%)	1 (12,5%)	*
	2	*	*	1 (12,5%)
	3	*	*	1 (12,5%)
	4	*	*	*
MP1	0	7 (87,5%)	6 (75,0%)	6 (75,0%)
	1	1 (12,5%)	1 (12,5%)	*
	2	*	1 (12,5%)	*
	3	*	*	1 (12,5%)
	4	*	*	1 (12,5%)
MP2	0	7 (87,5%)	7 (87,5%)	6 (75,0%)
	1	1 (12,5%)	1 (12,5%)	1 (12,5%)
	2	*	*	1 (12,5%)
	3	*	*	*
	4	*	*	*
MP4	0	8 (100,0%)	8 (100,0%)	7 (87,5%)
	1	*	*	*
	2	*	*	1 (12,5%)
	3	*	*	*
	4	*	*	*
MP6	0	8 (100,0%)	8 (100,0%)	8 (100,0%)
	1	*	*	*
	2	*	*	*
	3	*	*	*
	4	*	*	*