ABSTRACT
Purpose:
It has been reported that exhaustive exercise (EE) causes myocyte injury, and eventually damages the function of the myocardia. Albiflorin (AF) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis effects. In this study, we determined whether AF could mitigate the EE-induced myocardial injury and research the potential mechanisms.
Methods:
The rat model of EE was built by forced treadmill running method. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with AF before EE once daily for one week. The relative factors levels were examined by commercial kits. The apoptosis was appraised using a TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay kit. The ACSL4, GPX4, Nrf2, pAKT/AKT, and HO-1 contents were assessed by western blot.
Results:
AF lessened EE-induced cardiac myocytes ischemic/hypoxic injury and reduced the contents of myocardial injury biomarkers in the serum. AF lessened EE-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in myocardial tissues. However, the influences of AF were overturned by the co-treatment of AF and LY294002. AF activated the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in myocardial tissues in vivo.
Conclusions:
AF could curb cardiac myocytes ferroptosis, thus diminishing the EE-induced myocardial injury through activating the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 cascade.
Key words
Biological Products; Exercise; Ferroptosis; Heart
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; CK: creatine kinase; CK-MB: creatine kinase myocardial band isoenzyme; cTnI: cardiac troponin I; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&&p < 0.001 versus the H-AF group.
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&&p < 0.001 versus the H-AF group.
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; IL: interleukin; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunorbent assay; ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&&p < 0.001, versus the H-AF group.
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH: glutathione; SOD: superoxide dismutase; ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; #p < 0.05, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&&p < 0.001, versus the H-AF group.
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&p < 0.01, &&&p < 0.001, versus the H-AF group.
Source: Elaborated by the authors. AF: albiflorin; Ctrl: control; EE: exhaustive exercise; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, versus the Ctrl group; ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001, versus the EE group; &&&p < 0.001, versus the H-AF group.