Biomechanical evaluation of a new femoral stem design for total hip replacement in a canine model

Faria, Luís Guilherme de; Minto, Bruno Watanabe; Shimano, Antonio Carlos; Macedo, Ana Paula; Diogo, Lucia Maria Izique; Dreibi, Rafael Manzini; Nobile, Matheus; Santos Junior, Wanderley Severo; Kawamoto, Fernando Yoiti Kitamura; Franco, Guilherme Galhardo; Dias, Luis Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves

doi:10.1590/ACB360506

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Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Acta Cir. Bras. 36 (5) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/ACB360506 copy

Biomechanical evaluation of a new femoral stem design for total hip replacement in a canine model

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To evaluate the biomechanical properties of a novel total hip replacement femoral stem.

Methods

Eight pairs of femurs from dog cadavers were used. The femurs were separated into different groups. A novel femoral stem with a convex proximal portion (Stem B) was biomechanically evaluated and compared to awell-known veterinary collared stem (Stem A). Femoral stems were inserted into the contralateral femurs from the same dog, forming 16 constructs. A flexo-compression load was applied on the axial axis of each sample. Maximum strength, deflection, stiffness, and energy absorption were analysed.

Results

Group B constructs showed significantly higher values (p ? 0.05) for the variables, except stiffness. The mean maximum strength was 1,347 ± 357 N for Group A and 1,805 ± 123 N for Group B (p ? 0.0069). The mean deflection was5.54 ± 2.63 mm for Group A and 10.03 ± 3.99 mm for Group B (p ? 0.0056). For the energy variable, the force was 6,203 ± 3,488 N/mm for Group A and 12,885 ± 5,056 N/mm for Group B (p ? 0.0054). Stem B had greater maximum strength, deflection, and energy.

Conclusions

The new stem was effective in neutralizing the impact of axial flexion-compression stresses during biomechanical tests in cadaveric models.

Key words
Hip Prosthesis; Dogs

Variable Flexo-axial compression	Group A	Group B	P-value
Maximum strength (MS) (N)	1.347 ± 357^a a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	1.805 ± 123^b a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	0.0069^ab a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.
Deflection(mm)	5.547 ± 2.639^a a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	10.033 ± 3.998^b a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	0.0056^ab a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.
Stiffness(N/mm)	860 ± 160^a a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	1.011 ± 305^a a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	0.2031^ab a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.
Energy(N.mm)	6.203 ± 3.488^a a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	12.885 ± 5.056^b a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.	0.0054^ab a,b Different letters in the columns indicate significant difference, with p ≤ 0.05.

Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia https://actacirbras.com.br/ - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: actacirbras@gmail.com

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[1] *Corresponding author: brunowminto@gmail.com | +55 16 999611479