Ultrasonic neuromodulation as a new therapy for spasticity in an animal model of spastic cerebral palsy

Pereira, Gisely de Andrade Costa; Poleto, André Luiz Oliveira; Fontes-Pereira, Aldo José; Krüger, Marco Antônio von; Pereira, Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque

doi:10.1590/acb394924

Gisely de Andrade Costa Pereira ^** Corresponding author: gac@peb.ufrj.br

Substantive scientific and intellectual contributions to the study

Conception and design

Acquisition of data

Analysis and interpretation of data

Manuscript preparation

Manuscript writing

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1164-6602

André Luiz Oliveira Poleto

Conception and design

Acquisition of data

Manuscript writing

Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba – Parnaíba (PI) – Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3581-970X

Aldo José Fontes-Pereira

Conception and design

Analysis and interpretation of data

Manuscript writing

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil.

Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos – Centro de Ciências da Saúde – Teresópolis (RJ) – Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3584-3342

Marco Antônio von Krüger

Substantive scientific and intellectual contributions to the study

Conception and design

Manuscript writing

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-695X

Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque Pereira

Substantive scientific and intellectual contributions to the study

Conception and design

Analysis and interpretation of data

Manuscript writing

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Engineering Program – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-3242

* Corresponding author: gac@peb.ufrj.br

Section editor: Eberval Gadelha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9094-6622

Conflict of interest

Nothing to declare.

Group	Rat	Food intake	Mental state	Activity/ Mobility	Spasticity	Postoperative survival
NC	1	Slight reduction until complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression until complete normalization in 72 hours	Practically normal after recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative period	No spasticity	-
	2					-
	3					-
	4					Died on the first postoperative day
	5					-
	6					-
	7					-
	8					-
PC	1	Slight reduction until complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression until complete normalization in 72 hours	Practically normal after recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative period	No spasticity	-
	2					-
	3					-
	4					-
	5					-
	6					-
	7					-
	8					-
UTM	1	Difficulty feeding independently	Depression of mental state with impact on mobility capacity	Rat without mobility, moving only limbs and lying down	With spasticity in right limbs	Died on the second postoperative day
	2	Slight reduction until complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression until complete normalization in 72 hours	Rat can walk and move, but with instability and misalignment	Spasticity in the left limbs, especially upper limb	-
	3	Slight reduction to complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression to complete normalization in 72 hours	Practically normal after recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative period	No spasticity	-
	4	Difficulty feeding independently	Depression of mental state with reflexes on mobility capacity	Rat became very weak, with little mobility, practically only moving its limbs without being able to assume a supportive posture, remaining lying down. He was only able to crawl for a short distance when he had some support (wall). Unable to stand on the Rotarod or cross the CatWalk	With spasticity in all four limbs	Died on the 14th postoperative day
	5	Difficulty feeding independently	Depression of mental state with impact on ability to move	Mouse without mobility, moving only the limbs and lying down	With spasticity in all four limbs	Died on the third postoperative day
UTM	6	Difficulty feeding independently	Depression of mental state reflected in ability to move	Rat without mobility, moving only its limbs, but with little range of movement. Only lying down	With spasticity in all four limbs	Died on the second postoperative day
	7	Difficulty feeding independently	Depressed mental state with impact on ability to move	Poor mobility, turning on its own vertical axis when trying to move	Spasticity in all four limbs, especially upper limbs	Died on the fourth postoperative day
	8	-	-	-	-	Died during surgery
TM	1	Unable to feed himself	Depression of mental state with impact on ability to move	Moved in a circle and very unstable in different postures	With spasticity in the right limbs	Died in the first postoperative day
	2	Slight reduction to complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression to complete normalization in 72 hours	Practically normal after recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative period	No spasticity	-
	3	Slight reduction until complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression until complete normalization in 72 hours	Rat can walk and move, but with instability and misalignment.	Mild spasticity in the lower limb	-
	4	Difficulty feeding independently	Depression of mental state with impact on ability to move	Rat with little mobility, remaining lying down	With spasticity in right limbs, mainly in upper limb	Died on the second postoperative day
	5	Difficulty feeding independently	Depressed mental state with impact on ability to move	Rat, when trying to move, rolled on its own vertical axis without being able to ambulate	With spasticity in all four limbs	Died on the third day
	6	Difficulty feeding independently, even after 72 hours of postoperative	Depressed mental state with impact on ability to move	Rat became very weak, with little mobility, practically only moving its limbs without being able to assume a supportive posture, remaining lying down. He only manages to crawl a short distance when he had some support (a wall). Unable to stand on the Rotarod or cross the CatWalk	Spasticity in the right limbs, especially in the lower limb	Died on the tenth postoperative day
	7	Difficulty eating independently	Depressed mental state with an impact on mobility	Poor mobility, lying down and basically moving his limbs	Spasticity in the right limbs, more pronounced in the upper limb. Presence of spasms in the left upper limb.	Died on the third postoperative day
	8	Slight reduction until complete normalization in 72 hours	Slight depression until complete normalization in 72 hours	Practically normal after recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative period	No spasticity	-

Group	Animal	Preoperative	Postoperative
Group	Animal	Preoperative	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
NC	1	45	32	43	29	26	36	22	27	24	11
	2	300	300	300	300	300	271	300	300	208	300
	3	300	264	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	257
	5	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300
	6	300	300	300	200	253	300	253	103	300	102
	7	300	112	243	240	300	300	300	300	300	300
	8	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	146	265
PC	1	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300
	2	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300
	3	300	300	300	300	300	252	252	224	300	300
	4	194	60	158	187	102	300	300	229	194	224
	5	300	300	300	178	270	300	300	300	113	300
	6	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	146	116	76
	7	237	300	177	268	270	300	300	300	300	300
	8	300	274	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	200
UTM	2	300	48	116	140	76	220	197	300	300	300
	3	300	189	291	235	50	54	72	67	21	56
	4	300	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TM	2	249	223	215	300	300	300	300	300	300	249
	3	300	22	22	14	27	25	117	99	29	300
	6	300	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	8	86	55	39	39	26	23	17	20	22	86

[1] * Corresponding author: gac@peb.ufrj.br

Brasil

Brasil

Ultrasonic neuromodulation as a new therapy for spasticity in an animal model of spastic cerebral palsy

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

Methods:

Results:

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