Speech therapy graduates perception of situation and professional satisfaction

Maciel, Caroline Azevedo; Escarce, Andrezza Gonzalez; Motta, Andréa Rodrigues; Teixeira, Letícia Caldas

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Brasil

Audiology - Communication Research

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Brasil

Español English

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Original Article • Audiol., Commun. Res. 24 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2018-2094 copy

Speech therapy graduates perception of situation and professional satisfaction

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To analyze the association between Speech Therapy graduates inserted in the labor market with sociodemographic variables, aspects of situation and professional satisfaction.

Methods

An observational cross–sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 196 Speech Therapy graduates from a Brazilian public university working as speech therapists. The instrument used was a questionnaire distributed both online and physical. In the present study the sociodemographic issues, aspects of situation and professional satisfaction, composed the research axes. Pearson's chi-square test was used for the association analysis, being considered significant p≤0.05.

Results

There was an association between those who work exclusively as a speech therapists with the variables salary range (p=0.003), working hours (p=0.001), economic situation after graduation (p=0.004), continuity of the studies (p=0.001), perception of professional (p=0.008) and financial achievement (p=0.012).

Conclusion

The perceptions of Speech Therapy graduates inserted in the labor market reveal a positive evaluation of the profession. Working exclusively as a speech therapist is related to the salary range, working hours, perception of professional achievement and improvement of the economic situation after graduation. Although most of the graduates are not financially fulfilled, they advance in the continuity of the studies.

Keywords:
Speech, Language and hearing sciences; Student; Labor market; Professional practice; Job satisfaction; Continuing education

I.	Sociodemographic data:
1.	Name: Age: Sex: () Female () Male
2.	E-mail:
3.	Completed high school at: () Public School () Private School
4.	Graduation: Year started: _______________Completion year: ________________
5.	Parent’s education level: Father College degree: () Yes () No Mother College degree: () Yes () No
6.	Did you receive student subsidy during graduation? () Yes() No Level: l () ll () lll () lV ()
II.	undergraduate course evaluation:
1.	Review the following items for your degree course:
1.1	Curriculum: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.2	Physical facilities: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.3	Libraries: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.4	Speech Therapy Outpatient Clinic () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.5	Audiology Outpatient Clinic: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.6	Classrooms: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.7	Availability of equipment: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.8	Number of students per teacher in lectures: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.9	Number of students per teacher in practical classes: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.10	Mandatory internship at school clinic: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.11	Mandatory curricular training outside the school clinic: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.12	Working time and interest of most faculty: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.13	Relationship of teachers with students: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.14	Biology Sciences Institute Basic Training: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.15	Technical training of specific speech therapy nucleus: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.16	Speech therapy ethics and politics: () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
1.17	Training in related areas (electives, further training): () Very good () Good () Regular () Poor
2.	Assess the following items for your degree course:
2.1	Initiative: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.2	Creativity: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.3	Leadership ability: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.4	Ability to make decisions: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.5	Ability to work in a team: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.6	Technical abilities: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.7	Managerial competence: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.8	Ethical attitudes: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.9	Technological production: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.10	Networking: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.11	Knowledge of the unified health system-SUS: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.12	Interest of seeking new knowledge: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.13	Pride in the profession: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.14	Love for the profession: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.15	Critical reflection of the world and society: () Nothing () Little () a lot
2.16	Critical and ethical approach to environmental, human rights and ethno-racial issues: () Nothing () Little () a lot
3.	Would you recommend the institution's Speech Language and Hearing course to interested people? () Yes () No
4.	Which aspect of the course most helped you enter the job market?
5.	What essential aspect should have been addressed in the course and wasn't? Think about entering the job market.
III.	Academic background:
1.	During graduation you performed:
1.1	Research (Volunteer): () Never, a loss of time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.2	Research (Scholarship holder): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.3	Community Outreach (Volunteer): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.4	Community Outreach (Scholarship holder): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.5	Extracurricular Internship (Volunteer): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.6	Extracurricular Internship (Scholarship holder): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.7	Other programs like Education Through Work (PET-Health); Health (Volunteer): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.8	Other programs like Education Through Work (PET-Health); Health (Scholarship holder): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.9	Monitoring (Volunteer): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
1.10	Monitoring (Scholarship holder): () Never, missed time () Never, lack of interest () Never, lack of projects () 1 time () 2 times () 3 times () 4 times () 5 times or more
2.	After completing your training did you maintain any ties with the institution? () Yes () No
3.	Does the institution integrate the graduates informing and advising about cultural and scientific activities? () Yes () No
IV.	Professional situation:
1.	Are you working as a speech therapist? () Yes () No
1.1	If not, which is the reason? (If necessary check more than one option) () Unemployed () Low financial return () Lack of identification with the profession () Personal problems () Better job opportunity in another area () Change of state or country () Small job market () Lack of theoretical and scientific background () Others____________________________________________________
1.2	Do you work exclusively as a speech therapist? () Yes () No
2.	Have you been working in the field for a long time?_______________________________________________________________
3.	What is your average salary? () None () 1 to 3 minimum wages () 3 to 7 minimum wages () More than 7 minimum wages
4.	What is your weekly workload? ()Less than 20 hours () 21 to 30 hours () 31 to 40 hours () More than 40 hours () I'm not working
5.	Regarding your first job, how difficult was it to find it? () Easy () Medium () Difficult
6.	How soon did you enter the job market after graduation? () Up to 6 months () 7 months to 1 year () 1.1 to 2 years () Over 2.1 years () I didn't enter the job market
7.	Do you rate your socioeconomic status better at the time of the interview than when you joined the course? () Yes() No
V.	Professional Satisfaction:
1.	Feel professional achievement? () Yes () No
2.	Do you feel fulfilled financially? () Yes () No
3.	If you were to choose an undergraduate degree today would you choose speech therapy again?() Yes() No
lV.	Continuity of studies:
1.	Performed postgraduate studies () Yes() No
2.	Which category have you done or are you pursuing postgraduate studies? Master's degree: () In progress () Finished () Not done Doctorate degree: () In progress () Finished () Not done Post doctoral: () In progress () Finished () Not done Specialization in speech therapy areas with CRFa validation: () In progress () Finished () Not done
3.	How many postgraduate studies have you done? Master's degree: () None () One () Two () Three () Four or more Doctorate degree: () None () One () Two ()Three () Four or more Post doctoral: () None () One () Two () Three () Four or more Specialization in speech therapy areas with CRFa validation: () None() One () Two () Three () Four or more
4.	If a postgraduate study was undertaken, which was the year of start and end? (If there is more than one, name all); _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.	Did you do or are you pursuing another degree after the speech therapy course? () Yes() No If Yes. Which?__________________________________________________________________________________________

Variables	n	%
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Sex
Male	4	2.0
Female	192	98.0
Total	196	100.0
Age in Years
< 29	114	58.2
30 or more	82	41.8
Total	196	100.0
Where did you attend high school?
Private school	98	50.0
Public school	98	50.0
Total	196	100.0
Father with college degree
Yes	55	28.1
No	141	71.9
Total	196	100.0
Mother with college degree
Yes	61	31.1
No	135	68.9
Total	196	100.0
Access to student subsidy
Yes	65	33.2
No	131	66.8
Total	196	100.0
PROFESSIONAL SITUATION
Time working as a Professional
Up to 1 year and 11 months	39	19.9
Between 2 years and 5 years and 11 months	67	34.2
Between 6 years and 9 years and 11 months	55	28.1
More than 10 years	35	17.8
Total	196	100.0
Salary range
Between 1 and 3 minimum wages	82	41.8
Between 3 and 7 minimum wages	90	45.9
More than 7 minimum wages	24	12.2
Total	196	100.0
Workload
Up to 20 hours	17	8.7
Between 21 and 30 hours	50	25.5
Between 31 and 40 hours	71	36.2
More than 40 hours	58	29.6
Total	196	100.0
Difficulty finding first job
Easy	46	23.5
Medium	94	48.0
Difficult	56	28.6
Total	196	100.0
Time inserted in the market
Up to 6 months	148	75.5
From 7 months to 1 year	29	14.8
Between 1 and 2 years	19	9.7
Total	196	100.0
Works exclusively as a speech therapist
Yes	168	85.7
No	28	14.3
Total	196	100.0
Economic situation improved after graduation
Yes	172	87.8
No	24	12.2
Total	196	100.0
Continuity of studies (postgraduate)
Yes	143	73.0
No	53	27.0
Total	196	100.0
PROFESSIONAL SATISFACTION
Would choose speech therapy again?
Yes	134	68.4
No	62	31.6
Total	196	100.0
Feeling of professional achievement
Yes	139	70.9
No	57	29.1
Total	196	100.0
Feeling of financial fulfillment
Yes	52	26.5
No	144	73.5
Total	196	100.0

Variables	Working exclusively as a speech therapist
Variables	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-Value
Sex
Male	4 (2.4)	0 (0.0)	0.409
Female	164 (97.6)	28 (100.0)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Age in years
Up to 29	95 (56.5)	19 (67.9)	0.261
30 or more	73 (43.5)	9 (32.1)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Where did you attend high school?
Private school	83 (49.4)	15 (53.6)	0.683
Public school	85 (50.6)	13 (46.4)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Father with college degree
Yes	48 (28.6)	7 (25.0)	0.697
No	120 (71.4)	21 (75.0)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Mother with college degree
Yes	53 (31.5)	8 (28.6)	0.753
No	115 (68.5)	20 (71.4)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Access to student subsidy
Yes	58 (34.5)	7 (25.0)	0.322
No	110 (65.5)	21 (75.0)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)

Variables	Works exclusively as a speech therapist
Variables	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-Value
Time working as a Professional
Up to 1 year and 11 months	33 (19.6)	6 (21.4)	0.961
Between 2 years and 5 years and 11 months	57 (34.0)	10 (35.7)
Between 6 years and 9 years and 11 months	47 (28.0)	8 (28.6)
More than 10 years	31 (18.4)	4 (14.3)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Salary range
Between 1 and 3 minimum wages	62 (36.9)	20 (71.4)	0.003*
Between 3 and 7 minimum wages	83 (49.4)	7 (25.0)
More than 7 minimum wages	23 (13.7)	1 (3.6)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Workload
Up to 20 hours	9 (5.3)	8 (28.6)	0.001*
Between 21 and 30 hours	44 (26.2)	6 (21.4)
Between 31 and 40 hours	62 (37.0)	9 (32.1)
More than 40 hours	53 (31.5)	5 (17.9)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Difficulty finding first job
Easy	38 (22.6)	8 (28.6)	0.072
Medium	86 (51.2)	8 (28.6)
Difficult	44 (26.2)	12 (42.8)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Time inserted in the market
Up to 6 months	130 (77.4)	18 (64.4)	0.223
From 7 months to 1 year	24 (14.3)	5 (17.8)
Between 1 and 2 years	14 (8.3)	5 (17.8)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Economic situation improved after graduation
Yes	152 (90.5)	20 (71.4)	0.004*
No	16 (9.5)	8 (28.6)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Continuity of studies (postgraduate)
Yes	131 (78.0)	12 (42.9)	≤0.001^* * Statistically significant value. (P≤0.05) - Pearson's chi-square test
No	37 (22.0)	16 (57.1)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)

Variables	Works exclusively as a speech therapist
Variables	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-Value
Would choose speech therapy again
Yes	117 (69.6)	17 (60.7)	0.347
No	51 (30.4)	11 (39.3)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Feel professionally fulfilled
Yes	125 (74.4)	14 (50.0)	0.008*
No	43 (25.6)	14 (50.0)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)
Feels financially fulfilled
Yes	50 (29.8)	2 (7.1)	0.012^* * Statistically significant value. (p≤0.05) - Pearson's chi-square test
No	118 (70.2)	26 (92.9)
Total	168 (100.0)	28 (100.0)

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[1] Conflict of interests: No.