Adaptation and content validity of the minimal contrasts perception instrument to Chilean Sign Language

González Herrera, Carlos; Kessler, Themis Maria; Pagliarin, Karina Carlesso

doi:10.1590/2317-6431-2024-2907en

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Audiology - Communication Research

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Original Article • Audiol., Commun. Res. 29 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2024-2907en copy

Adaptation and content validity of the minimal contrasts perception instrument to Chilean Sign Language

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

to adapt and assess content validity of the the Minimal Contrasts Perception instrument to Chilean sign language (ChSL).

Methods

this study was conducted in seven stages: stage 1: identification of minimal contrast pairs in sign language. Stage 2: Jugment by four expert judges. Stage 3: Drawings creation. Stage 4: the pairs were assessed by non-expert judges. Stage 5: development of test materials. Stage 6: a video recording of the test stimuli was produced. Stage 7: a pilot study was conducted.

Results

in Stage 1, 69 minimal contrast pairs were identified. In Stage 2, the judges achieved acceptable agreement rates on 46 (CVR ≥ 0.95; AC1=0.659). After assessing their relevance and presence in children’s vocabulary, the judges selected 29 pairs. This was followed by an assessment of representativeness, which narrowed down the stimuli to 24 pairs. In Stage 3, drawings of the 24 pairs were created. Non-specialist judges in Stage 4 revealed the need for six pairs to be re-drawn. Stages 5 and 6, the illustrations were adjusted, and a video was recorded to display the test instructions. In Stage 7, the pilot sample understood and completed the test successfully.

Conclusion

the instrument was adapted and displayed adequate content validity.

Keywords:
Psychometrics; Sign Language; Deafness; Child, Adolescent

Stages	n	Selection criteria
Stage 1	1 speech-language pathologist	Study author
Identification of minimal contrast pairs in ChSL	1 speech-language pathologist	Study author
Stage 2	2 congenitally deaf adults	Congenitally deaf adults
Expert judges	2 Chilean Sign Language (ChSL) interpreters	Professional ChSL interpreters certified by the ministry of education with over 5 years of experience

Stage 3	1 Illustrator	A professional illustrator was hired to create the drawings corresponding to each minimal contrast pair
Illustration of minimal contrast pairs	1 Illustrator
Stage 4	6 non-expert judges	Deaf children and adolescents attending special schools for deaf children.
Non-expert judges	(n=3 female, n=3 male)
Stage 5	2 speech-language pathologists	Study authors
Development of test materials	2 speech-language pathologists	Study authors
Stage 6 Video recording	1 interpreter	Sign language interpreter certified by the ministry of education
Stage 7	6 deaf children (n=3 female, n=3 male)	Deaf children and adolescents attending special schools for deaf children
Pilot Study	6 deaf children (n=3 female, n=3 male)

Minimal contrast pair	Formational parameter
Wednesday – Friday	Handshape
Cheese – celebrate
Give – help
Tree – December
Duck – chicken
Turtle – snail
Pencil – Marker
Eat – Pizza
Cow – bull
H – K
January – February
June – July
I – My
Giraffe – Dinosaur
Center – Flag
Butter – paint	Location
Orange – fruit
Yellow – green
Single – crazy
Listener – crazy
Pretty – Son
Chillán– militar
Lavar – acariciar
Near – far
Live – verb	Movement
Beer – yellow
Sympathetic – Affectionate
Punished – Obstinate
Black – white
Llama – giraffe
Backpack – jacket
Notebook – book
Car – truck
Train – annoy
Brother – lover
N – Ñ
Friend – enemy
E – January
F – February
L – Monday
Snake – fish
Walk – jump
Bee – fly
Red – jealous
Gun – pencil
Universe – university
Young – suffer
Boyfriend – interpreter
Tuesday – Municipality
Bathe – Panic
Bright – Brazil
Street – Path
Positive – negative	Orientation
What? – busy
To shelter – Shelter
Accustomed – October
Agreement – Camp
Get up – small
Interest – interesting
Attend – attack
Attack – casket
Strike – axe
Disorder – untidy
Car – vest
Weak – walk
War – group
Guide – far
Humble – Caress
Tape – thread

Minimal contrast pairs	Formational parameter	CVR	AC1/formational parameter/69 pairs	AC1/69 pares
1. Wednesday – Friday	Handshape	1	0.808 [CI=0.647 - 0.970]	0.659 [CI=0.5658 - 0.7532]
2. Cheese – celebrate		1
3. Give – help		0.95
4. Tree – December		0.95
5. Duck – little chicken		1
6. Turtle – snail		1
7. Cow – bull		1
8. H – K		1
9. January – February		1
10. June – July		1
11. I – My		1
12. Giraffe – dinosaur		1
13. Orange – fruit	Location	0.95	0.610 [CI = 0.291- 0.929]
14. Yellow – green		0.95
15. Single – crazy		1
16. Listener – crazy		0.95
17. Pretty – son		1
18. Chillán– military		1
19. Wash – Caress		0.95
20. Near – far	Movement	1	0.746 [CI = 0.609 - 0.884]
21. Live – verb		1
22. Llama – giraffe		1
23. Jacket – backpack		1
24. Notebook – book		1
25. Train – annoy		1
26. Brother – lover		1
27. N – Ñ		1
28. Friend – enemy		1
29. E – January		1
30. F – February		1
31. L – Monday		1
32. Walk – skip		1
33. Bee – fly		1
34. Red – jealous		0.95
35. Gun – pencil		0.95
36. Universe – university		1
37. Young – suffer		1
38. Boyfriend – interpreter		1
39. Tuesday – municipality		1
40. Street – path		1
41. Positive – negative	Orientation	0.95	0.388 [CI = 0.180 - 0.597]
42. What? – busy		0.95
43. To shelter – shelter		1
44. Disorder – untidy		1
44. Disorder – untidy		1

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[1] Conflict of interests: No.