191588 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
|
67; F |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever |
Fever, rash, murmur |
NR |
None |
None |
193499 Stuart-Harris CH, Wells AQ, Rosher HB, Mackie FP, Wilson GS. Four cases of infective endocarditis due to organisms similar to Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and one case due to a pleomorphic streptobacillus. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1935;41(3):407-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.1700410305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.170041030...
|
18; M |
RHD |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
None |
None |
19401010 Rountree PM, Rohan M. A fatal human infection with Streptobacillus moniliformis. Med J Aust. 1941;1(12):359-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1941.tb95302.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.19...
|
14; F |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever |
Fever, murmur |
Anemia |
None |
None |
19441111 McDermott W, Leask MM, Benoit M. Streptobacillus moniliformis as a cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis: report of a case treated with penicillin. Ann Intern Med. 1945;23(3):414-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-23-3-414. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-23-3...
|
43; M |
RHD |
Rat exposure without known bite |
Fever, rash |
Fever, rash, murmur |
NR |
None |
None |
19451212 Petersen ES, McCullough NB, Eisele CW, Goldinger JM. Subacute bacterial endocarditis due to Streptobacillus moniliformis. J Am Med Assoc. 1950;144(8):621-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1950.62920080007006f. PMid:14774150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1950.6292...
|
22; M |
RHD |
NR |
NR |
Murmur, petechiae |
NR |
None |
None |
19471313 Priest WS, Smith JM, McGee CJ. Penicillin therapy of subacute bacterial endocarditis: a study of the end results in 34 cases, with particular reference to dosage, methods of administration, criteria for judging adequacy of treatment and probable reasons for failures. Arch Intern Med. 1947;79(3):333-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1947.00220090093006. PMid:20294551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1947....
|
17; F |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
None |
None |
19491212 Petersen ES, McCullough NB, Eisele CW, Goldinger JM. Subacute bacterial endocarditis due to Streptobacillus moniliformis. J Am Med Assoc. 1950;144(8):621-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1950.62920080007006f. PMid:14774150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1950.6292...
|
40; M |
RHD |
Rat exposure without known bite |
Fever, fatigue, weight loss |
Murmur, splenomegaly, Osler nodes, water-hammer pulse, Duroziez sign |
Hg 11 g/dL, WBC 6500 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L (PMN predominance), ESR 13 mm/hr, EKG with PVCs, LVH |
None |
None |
19491414 Stokes JF, Gray IR, Stokes EJ. Actinomyces muris endocarditis treated. with chloramphenicol. Br Heart J. 1951;13(2):247-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.13.2.247. PMid:14821208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.13.2.247...
|
27; M |
RHD |
Handled a dead rat |
Fever, anemia |
Fever, murmur, splenomegaly, Osler nodes |
Anemia |
None |
None |
19521515 Hamburger M, Knowles HC. Streptobacillus moniliformis infection complicated by acute bacterial endocarditis; report of a case in a physician following bite of laboratory rat. AMA Arch Intern Med. 1953;92(2):216-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1953.00240200066008. PMid:13079342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1953....
|
54; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever, rash, headache, arthralgia, chest discomfort |
Fever, murmur, Osler nodes, nausea, documented rat bite |
WBC 17500 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, Hg 13.5 g/dL (PMN predominance) |
None |
None |
19671616 McCormack RC, Kaye D, Hook EW. Endocarditis due to Streptobacillus moniliformis. JAMA. 1967;200(1):77-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.03120140135036. PMid:6071862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.0312...
|
70; F |
Calcific Aortic Stenosis |
Unknown |
Fever, nausea and weight loss |
Murmur, splenomegaly |
Hg 8.8 g/dL, WBC 12300 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L (PMN predominance) |
None |
None |
19671616 McCormack RC, Kaye D, Hook EW. Endocarditis due to Streptobacillus moniliformis. JAMA. 1967;200(1):77-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.03120140135036. PMid:6071862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.0312...
|
43; M |
NR |
Rat Bite |
Fever, arthritis, with pleuritic chest pain, heart failure |
Fever, murmur, cardiac tamponade (atrial fibrillation on EKG) |
Hg 13.8 g/dL, WBC 16500 x109 cells/L, |
None |
NR |
19671717 Carbeck RB, Murphy JF, Britt EM. Streptobacillary rat-bite fever with massive pericardial effusion. JAMA. 1967;201(9):703-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.03130090067024. PMid:5340333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.0313...
|
60; M |
RHD |
Rat exposure without known bite |
Fever, tonic-clonic generalized seizures, weight loss, altered mental status |
Fever, murmur, clubbing |
Hg 13.5 g/dL, WBC 14200 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L (PMN predominance), CSF with 521 cells. |
None |
None |
19741818 Chulay JD, Lankerani MR. Splenic abscess. Report of 10 cases and review of the literature. Am J Med. 1976;61(4):513-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(76)90331-4. PMid:973645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(76)9...
|
55; F |
NR |
NR |
Anorexia, weakness and myalgia |
NR |
WBC 17,900 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L with 76% PMN. |
None |
Positive |
19811919 Rey JL, Laurans G, Pleskof A, et al. Les endocardites à Streptobacillus moniliformis. A propos de deux cas. Ann Cardiol Angeiol. 1987;36(6):297-300. PMid:3619383. |
41; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fevers, murmur, and heart failure |
NR |
NR |
None |
None |
19852020 McHugh TP, Bartlett RL, Raymond JI. Rat bite fever: report of a fatal case. Ann Emerg Med. 1985;14(11):1116-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(85)80936-7. PMid:4051282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(85)...
|
3m; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fevers, lethargy, and arthritis |
Fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and indentation at site of reported rat bite |
Hg 11.3 g/dL, WBC 9800 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, interstitial pneumonia on chest imaging |
None |
None |
19852020 McHugh TP, Bartlett RL, Raymond JI. Rat bite fever: report of a fatal case. Ann Emerg Med. 1985;14(11):1116-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(85)80936-7. PMid:4051282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(85)...
|
63; F |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever, arthritis, paresis |
Fever, murmur |
NR |
None |
None |
19862121 Simon MW, Wilson HD. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis. A case report. Clin Pediatr. 1986;25(2):110-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000992288602500211. PMid:3943256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00099228860250...
|
8; M |
RHD |
None |
Fever, lethargy, weight loss |
Murmur, hepatosplenomegaly, clubbing |
WBC 12,500 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L (PMN predominance) first degree AV block |
Aortic stenosis with regurgitation without vegetations |
None |
19892222 Sens MA, Brown EW, Wilson LR, Crocker TP. Fatal Streptobacillus moniliformis infection in a two-month-old infant. Am J Clin Pathol. 1989;91(5):612-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/91.5.612. PMid:2718962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/91.5.612...
|
2m; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever, pneumonia, “symptoms concerning for meningitis” |
Hepatosplenomegaly |
Electrolytes WNL on basic chemistry panel |
None |
None |
19922323 Rupp ME. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;14(3):769-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/14.3.769. PMid:1562665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/14.3.7...
|
46; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fevers, back pain, arthralgia/arthritis |
Fever, murmur, hepatosplenomegaly |
Hg 10g/dL, WBC 8200 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L (PMN predominance), ventricular bigeminism |
Thickened aortic valve |
Positive |
20002424 Rordorf T, Züger C, Zbinden R, von Graevenitz A, Pirovino M. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis in an HIV-positive patient. Infection. 2000;28(6):393-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s150100070012. PMid:11139161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s150100070012...
|
37; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Arthralgia, fever and history of HIV |
Fever, pustules on skin |
Hg 9.3g/dL, WBC 6700 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, PMN predominance, platelets 195 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L |
Vegetation on mitral valve with rupture |
Positive |
20042525 Shvartsblat S, Kochie M, Harber P, Howard J. Fatal rat bite fever in a pet shop employee. Am J Ind Med. 2004;45(4):357-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.10359. PMid:15029568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.10359...
|
24; M |
None |
Patient reportedly scratched finger on a rat cage |
Fever, chills, myalgia, arthralgia, shortness of breath, vomiting, wound |
Wound on physical exam, murmur, and pericardial effusion |
WBC 16100 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, PMN predominance |
Aortic Valve Regurgitation |
Positive |
20062626 Balakrishnan N, Menon T, Shanmugasundaram S, Alagesan R. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(6):1037-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1206.060069. PMid:16752478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1206.060069...
|
18; M |
Small VSD |
Rat Bite |
Fevers, cough, epistaxis, palpitations, and arthralgia |
Fever |
WBC 7,600 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, platelets 127,000 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, ESR 70 mm/hr |
Tricuspid Valve vegetation with small VSD |
Positive |
20072727 Kondruweit M, Weyand M, Mahmoud FO, et al. Fulminant endocarditis caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis in a young man. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134(6):1579-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.08.010. PMid:18023687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.0...
|
29; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fevers, dyspnea, dizziness, and somnolence |
Fever |
NR |
Large vegetations on the aortic valve. Severe Aortic regurgitation and LV dysfunction |
Negative |
20072828 Forster DH, Becker A, Stahlhut P, Elgas M, Kniehl E. P1457 Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis diagnosed by 16S rRNA gene PCR and direct sequencing applied to a resected heart valve. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2007;29(Suppl 2):S407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-8579(07)71296-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-8579(07)...
|
74; F |
None |
NR |
Fever and murmur |
NR |
NR |
Severe Mitral Valve regurgitation with vegetation |
Negative |
Positive mitral valve culture |
20072929 Chen PL, Lee NY, Yan JJ, et al. Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis: a case of rat bite fever. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(9):3125-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01169-07. PMid:17652475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01169-07...
|
60; F |
Mechanical Mitral Valve |
Rat Bite |
Fever, leg wounds, weakness, and weight loss |
NR |
WBC 15,100 x109 cells/L, PMN predominance; Hg 8.2 g/dl; Platelets 134,000 x109 cells/L. CRP 162.9 mg/l, ESR 14 mm/h |
Mechanical mitral valve dehiscence with severe mitral regurgitation and vegetations |
Negative |
20103030 Shah S, Fortuna R, Scofield S, Caiola E. Bite the hand that fed you. In: Society of General Internal Medicine 33rd Annual Meeting; 2010; Minneapolis. Alexandria; 2010. |
35; M |
Tetralogy of Fallot |
Rat Bite |
Vomiting and diarrhea followed by the development of debilitating migratory, asymmetric polyarthralgia, irregularly relapsing fevers |
Rash involving palms and soles |
|
A 2 cm vegetation on tricuspid valve and a 0.5 cm vegetation on the aortic valve |
Negative |
20113131 Maroto F, Gallego S, Pérez C, Colon C. Endocarditis infecciosa en enfermedad por mordedura de rata. Med Intensiva. 2011;35(5):317-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2010.07.013. PMid:21122951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2010.0...
|
45; M |
None |
No |
Rash and right ankle pain |
Erythema |
WBC 28,760 x109 cells/L, PMN predominance |
Vegetation on mitral valve |
Negative |
20133232 Madhubashini M, George S, Chandrasekaran S. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis: case report and review of literature. Indian Heart J. 2013;65(4):442-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2013.06.019. PMid:23993005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2013.06....
|
44; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Fever |
NR |
NR |
Mitral valve vegetation with severe regurgitation |
Positive |
20143333 Fenn DW, Ramoutar A, Jacob G, Bin Xiao H. An unusual tale of rat-bite fever endocarditis. BMJ Case Rep. 2014;2014:bcr2014204989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2014-204989. PMid:25414213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2014-20498...
|
49; M |
None |
None |
Fever, rash, leg swelling |
Pansystolic murmur, splinter hemorrhage |
Hb 10.5 g/dL, WBC WNL, CRP 117 mg/dL, HIV serology negative |
Mitral valve vegetation and thickening |
Positive |
20173434 Nathan M. A rare triple threat: rat bite fever, endocarditis of ventricular septal defect patch, and multivalve endocarditis with sinus of Valsalva fistula. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;153(3):e47-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.11.012. PMid:27955910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.1...
|
19; M |
Tetralogy of Fallot |
Rat Bite |
Fever, chest pain, myalgias, weight loss |
NR |
NR |
Large fistula between right sinus of Valsalva and RV. Vegetations on VSD and tricuspid valve |
Negative blood culture, operative cultures positive |
20183535 Torres-Miranda D, Moshgriz M, Siegel M. Streptobacillus moniliformis mitral valve endocarditis and septic arthritis: the challenges of diagnosing rat-bite fever endocarditis. Infect Dis Rep. 2018;10(2):7731. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7731. PMid:30344968. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/idr.2018.7731...
|
52; F |
None |
Rat bite |
Lethargy, fever, sepsis, right knee and ankle arthritis |
Punctate opening in the heel of right foot |
WBC 22,600 x109 cells/L with PMN predominance, ESR 85 mm/hr, CRP >270 mg/dL |
Mitral valve vegetation with perforation and regurgitation |
Negative blood cultures, positive synovial fluid cultures, mitral valve cultures |
20183636 Nelson C, Rawling RA, Granato PA. Streptobacillus moniliformis native valve endocarditis. Clin Microbiol Newsl. 2018;40(9):74-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2017.11.002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinmicnews....
|
33; F |
None |
Rat Exposure |
Fever, arthralgia, myalgia, flu-like symptoms, dyspnea, murmur |
NR |
WBC 11,700, PMN predominance |
Left atrial mass with severe mitral regurgitation |
Positive |
20183737 Ioffe V, Amir G, Zalzstein E, Krymko H, Levitas A. Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis: an unusual case of pulmonary valve erosion resulting in free pulmonary regurgitation and aneurysm. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg. 2018;9(4):467-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135116637808. PMid:27154799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501351166378...
|
7m; M |
Tetralogy of Fallot |
Rat bite |
Fever, hypoxia |
NR |
The initial blood work WNL, but mild elevation of CRP. |
Pulmonary valve vegetation, destruction of native pulmonary valve and pulmonary artery with aneurysm |
Negative |
20193838 Alemán A, Téllez A, Pereda D, et al. Endocarditis infecciosa por Streptobacillus moniliformis: descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Cirugía Cardiovascular. 2020;27(4):160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.circv.2020.03.051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.circv.2020.0...
|
47; M |
None |
None |
Pain and fever |
NR |
WBC elevation, inflammatory marker elevation |
Mitral and aortic insufficiency and vegetation |
Negative |
20193939 Frederick AR, Fowler BC, Kolluri R. Rat bite fever: a rare case of critical limb ischemia. Vasc Med. 2019;24(5):465-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863X19849619. PMid:31113292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863X198496...
|
24; F |
None |
NR |
Bilateral lower extremity hemiparesis, bowel and urinary incontinence, weight loss, fever, dysarthria, limb ischemia |
Decubitus ulcer |
NR |
A 4.5 cm mitral vegetation |
Negative |
20204040 Winther M, Jensen HS, Tarpgaard IH, Nielsen HL. Case report: a fatal case of aortic and mitral valve endocarditis caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2020;4(5):1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa254. PMid:33426458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa254...
|
65; M |
None |
Rat bite |
Fevers, Myalgias, splenic abscess |
NR |
CRP 135 mg/L, Hb 7.3 g/dL, WBC 6400, Platelets 167,000 EKG with sinus rhythm and RBBB |
Severe mitral and Aortic vegetations with aortic root abscess |
Positive |
202077 Crofton KR, Ye J, Lesho EP. Severe recurrent Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis in a pregnant woman, and review of the literature. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2020;9(1):119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-020-00789-4. PMid:32727581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-020-007...
|
24; F |
None |
Rat Bite |
Pregnant women |
Murmur, splenomegaly |
Anemia, WBC WNL, arterial popliteal thrombosis, renal and splenic infarcts on imaging |
2 cm mitral valve vegetation |
Negative |
2021Our case
|
75; F |
None |
Rat bite |
Stroke, fever |
Murmur, rat bite on finger |
Hg 10.1 g/dL WBC 11.8 x1088 Blake FG. The etiology of rat-bite fever. J Exp Med. 1916;23(1):39-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39. PMid:19867970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.23.1.39...
cells/L, EKG with PACs |
12 mm Mitral vegetation moderate mitral regurgitation |
Positive |
20224141 O’Brien J, Paul C, Ridley D. Rat bite fever: a surreptitious cause of infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(9 Suppl):2300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(22)03291-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(22)...
|
44; M |
None |
Rat Bite |
Arthralgias, lethargy, fevers, and rigors |
Fever |
NR |
13 mm mitral valve mobile mass, mitral regurgitation |
Positive |