Evaluation of the association between KIR polymorphisms and systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis

Karimizadeh, Elham; Mostafaei, Shayan; Aslani, Saeed; Gharibdoost, Farhad; Xavier, Ricardo Machado; Salim, Patricia Hartstein; Kavosi, Hoda; Farhadi, Elham; Mahmoudi, Mahdi

doi:10.1186/s42358-019-0107-3

Elham Karimizadeh

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Shayan Mostafaei

Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Saeed Aslani

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Farhad Gharibdoost

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Ricardo Machado Xavier

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Patricia Hartstein Salim

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Hoda Kavosi

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Elham Farhadi ^** Correspondence: farhadie@tums.ac.ir ; mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Mahdi Mahmoudi ^** Correspondence: farhadie@tums.ac.ir ; mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir

Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.

Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

* Correspondence: farhadie@tums.ac.ir ; mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir

Authors’ contributions

EK; Performed literature search and prepared the draft of the paper. SM; Participated in manuscript preparation and draw the figures. SA; Participated in manuscript preparation and designed the Table. FG; Developed the main idea and read the manuscript critically. RMX; Read the manuscript critically. PHS; Read the manuscript critically. HK; Participated in manuscript preparation and designed the work. EF; Developed the main idea, designed the work, and read the manuscript critically. MM; Developed the main idea, designed the work, and read the manuscript critically. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author (Ref)	Published Year	Country/Race	Detection Technique	SSc Patients	Controls	KIR Polymorphisms
Author (Ref)	Published Year	Country/Race	Detection Technique	N	N	KIR Polymorphisms
T. Momot [ ¹1. Allanore Y, Simms R, Distler O, Trojanowska M, Pope J, Denton CP, et al. Systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15002. ]	2004	Germany/Caucasian	PCR	102	100	2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 3DS1, 3DL1
P. H. Salim [ ²2. Dowson C, Simpson N, Duffy L, O’Reilly S. Innate immunity in systemic sclerosis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2017;19(1):2. ]	2013	Brazilian/Caucasian	PCR	115	115	2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 3DS1, 2DP1
JD. Tozkir [ ³3. Shi FD, Ljunggren HG, Sarvetnick N. Innate immunity and autoimmunity: from self-protection to self-destruction. Trends Immunol. 2001;22(2):97-101. ]	2016	Turkey/Edirne	PCR-SSP	25	40	2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5, 2DL5A, 2DL5B, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 3DS1, 2DP1, 3DP1
M. Mahmoudi [ ⁴4. Biron CA, Nguyen KB, Pien GC, Cousens LP, Salazar-Mather TP. Natural killer cells in antiviral defense: function and regulation by innate cytokines. Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:189-220. ]	2017	Iranian/Caucasian	PCR-SSP	279	451	2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5, 2DL5A, 2DL5B, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS4 (full), 2DS4 (var), 2DS5, 3DS1, 2DP1, 3DP1, 3DP1 (full), 3DP1 (var)
AC. Machado-Sulbaran [ ⁵5. Karimizadeh E, Motamed N, Mahmoudi M, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Jamshidi A, Faridani H, et al. Attenuation of fibrosis with selective inhibition of c-Abl by siRNA in systemic sclerosis dermal fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res. 2015; 307(2):135-42. ]	2019	Mexico	PCR-SSP	50	90	2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 3DS1, 2DP1, 3DP1

KIR gene	No. of studies	SSc Positive (%), Negative (%) / Total	Control Positive (%), Negative (%) / Total	P-value	Pooled OR (95% Cl)	Heterogeneity Test Q, I² %; P -value	Publication Bias (Begg's Test, P -value; Egger's test, P -value)	Effect Model
2DL1	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	550 (96.3%), 21 (3.7%) / 571	765 (96.1%), 31 (3.9%) / 796	0.660	1.14 (0.64-2.0)	(3.17, 0.0%; P = 0.52)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.43)	Fixed
2DL2	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	283 (49.5%), 288 (51.5%) / 571	444 (55.8%), 352 (44.2%) / 796	0.875	0.94 (0.42-2.07)	(39.87, 89.97%; P < 0.001)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.86)	Random
2DL3	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	498 (87.2%), 73 (12.8%) / 571	710(89.2%), 86 (10.8%)/ 796	0.306	0.84 (0.60-1.17)	(4.02, 53%; P = 0.40)	(Begg's Test, 0.70; Egger's test, 0.59)	Fixed
2DL4	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	467 (99.6%), 2 (0.4%) / 469	696 (100%), 0 (0%) / 696	0.335	0.42 (0.07-2.47)	(0.2, 0.0%; P = 0.97)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.81)	Fixed
2DL5	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	180 (38.4%), 289 (61.6%) / 469	273 (39%), 423 (61%) / 696	0.465	0.91 (0.71-1.17)	(2.19, 0.0%; P = 0.53)	(Begg's Test, 0.39; Egger's test, 0.09)	Fixed
2DS1	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	285 (49.9%), 286 (50.1%) / 571	427 (53.6%), 369 (46.4%) / 796	0.92	0.98 (0.60-1.58)	(13.76, 70.9%; P = 0.008)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.73)	Random
2DS2	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	322 (56.4%), 249 (43.6%) / 571	445 (55.9%), 351 (44.1%) / 796	0.923	1.01 (0.81-1.26)	(3.29, 0.0%; P = 0.51)	(Begg's Test, 0.29; Egger's test, 0.17)	Fixed
2DS3	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	193 (24.3%), 378 (75.7%) / 571	260 (32.7%), 536 (67.3%) / 796	0.582	1.07 (0.85-1.34)	(7.25, 44.89%; P = 0.122)	(Begg's Test, 0.12; Egger's test, 0.16)	Fixed
2DS4	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	321 (56.2%), 250 (43.8%) / 571	395 (49.6%), 401 (50.4%) / 796	0.838	1.03 (0.75-1.45)	(2.61,0.0%; P = 0.62)	(Begg's Test, 0.85; Egger's test, 0.19)	Fixed
2DS5	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	164 (35%), 305 (65%) / 469	258 (37.1%), 438 (62.9%) / 696	0.444	0.81 (0.47-1.39)	(9.11,67.10%; P = 0.02)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.73)	Random
3DL1	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	535 (93.7%), 38 (6.3%) / 571	739 (92.8%), 57 (7.2%) / 796	0.683	1.09 (0.71-1.70)	(3.78, 0.0%; P = 0.43)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.28)	Fixed
3DL2	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	467 (99.6%), 2 (0.4%) / 469	692 (99.4%), 4 (0.6%) / 696	0.902	1.09 (0.27-4.40)	(0.38, 0.0%; P = 0.94)	(Begg's Test, 0.90; Egger's test, 0.53)	Fixed
3DL3	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	467 (98.9%), 5 (1.1%) / 472	696 (99.6%), 3 (0.4%) / 699	0.534	0.64 (0.155-2.63)	(0.001,0.0%; P = 0.99)	(Begg's Test, 0.99; Egger's test, 0.60)	Fixed
3DS1	⁵ 5 Machado-Sulbaran AC, Ramirez-Duenas MG, Navarro-Zarza JE, Munoz-Valle JF, Mendoza-Carrera F, Banos-Hernandez CJ, et al. KIR/HLA Gene Profile Implication in Systemic Sclerosis Patients from Mexico. Journal of immunology research. 2019;2019:6808061	256 (44.8%), 315 (5.2%) / 571	342 (43%), 454 (57%) / 796	0.377	1.10 (0.88-1.37)	(2.68, 0.0%; P = 0.61)	(Begg's Test, 0.19; Egger's test, 0.11)	Fixed
2DP1	⁴ 4 Mahmoudi M, Fallahian F, Sobhani S, Ghoroghi S, Jamshidi A, Poursani S, et al. Analysis of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA ligand genes polymorphisms in Iranian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2017;36 (4):853-62	460 (98.1%), 9 (1.9%) / 469	672 (96.5%), 24 (3.5%) / 696	0.182	1.672 (0.79- 3.56)	(6.99, 57.13%; P = 0.07)	(Begg's Test, 0.73; Egger's test, 0.56)	Fixed
3DP1	³ 3 Tozkir JD, Tozkir H, Gurkan H, Donmez S, Eker D, Pamuk GE, et al. The investigation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genotyping in patients with systemic lupus erytematosus and systemic sclerosis. Clinical rheumatology. 2016;35 (4):919-25	150 (42.4%), 204 (57.6%) / 354	230 (39.6%), 351 (60.4%) / 581	0.152	1.28 (0.91-1.81)	(0.94, 0.0%; P = 0.62)	(Begg's Test, 0.90; Egger's test, 0.47)	Fixed

[1] * Correspondence: farhadie@tums.ac.ir ; mahmoudim@tums.ac.ir

Brasil

Brasil

Evaluation of the association between KIR polymorphisms and systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusions: