Influência de sexo e energia sobre a taxa de crescimento, eficiência de utilização alimentar, taxa de uréia (U) e de proteína iodada do plasma (PI) em gado de corte

Three rations containing different levels of energy were fed beef bull, steer and heifer calves

Influência de sexo e energia sobre a taxa de crescimento, eficiência de utilização alimentar, taxa de uréia (U) e de proteína iodada do plasma (PI) em gado de corte^*

Three rations containing different levels of energy were fed beef bull, steer and heifer calves.

Max Lázaro Vieira Bose

Departamento de Zootecnia, E.S.A. "Luiz de Queiroz", USP

RESUMO

Três rações, com nível alto, médio e baixo de energia - tratamento T₁ , T₂ T₃ - foram ministradas em confinamento, à vontade, a bovinos recém-desmamados, machos inteiros, castrados e fêmeas, durante dois períodos de 17 semanas.

Os machos inteiros exibiram a maior habilidade de ganho de peso, e as novilhas a menor habilidade. O tratamento T₁ proporcionou os melhores ganhos e conversões, e o T₂ os inferiores. Verificou-se pequena superioridade no teor protéico de T₃, ao que se atribuiu sua vantagem sobre T₂ no 1º período, e aparente crescimento compensatório no 2º período.

O teor de uréia foi superior nos machos inteiros, e semelhante nos outros animais, superior em T₃ e semelhante em T₁ e T₂, bem como aumentou consistentemente durante o experimento. Aparentemente a uréia refletiu o fornecimento adequado de proteína e, mais ainda, de energia. O teor de proteína-iodada não mostrou diferença significativa, mas apenas tendência de se elevar com o decorrer do tempo. Não houve correlação entre os dois componentes do sangue.

Concluiu-se que a eficiência de utilização alimentar foi: superior nos machos inteiros, proporcional à quantidade de energia ingerida (no caso do 1º período); favorecida pelo teor maior de proteína de T₃ em relação a T₂ no 19 período, e talvez por ganho compensatório no 2º período; refletida pelos níveis de uréia no plasma, mas não correlacionado com proteína- iodada.

SUMMARY

The higher energy ration (nº 1) was the only one fullfed throughout the two 17-week periods of experiment (treatment 1). Cattle on the medium energy ration (nº 2) were switched to the lower energy ration (nº 3) after the first 17-week period (treatment 2). Cattle on treaty ment 3 had these same rations (nº 2 and 3) in an opposite order.

All treatments were fed to an equal number of bulls, steers and heifers (a total of 36 animals).

Bulls showed the highest gaining ability, heifers the lowest, and steers were intermediate.

Treatment 1 gave the best results, followed by treatment 3. The results of treatment 2 were possibly favored by a slightly higher protein content or ration 3 (first period), and by a probable induced compensatory growth (second period).

Bulls were significantly higher in PUN than steers and heifers, which were equivalent. Treatment 1 and 2 were similar and significantly lower than treatment 3. PUN increased rather consistently from the beginning to the end of the experiment. It seemed to reflect to adequacy of protein and, with more emphasis, of energy intake.

PBI, contrary to the initial hypothesis, did not show significant differences either among sexes, or among ration treatments.

There was a tendency to decrease as the experimental time increased; however, no correlation was found between PBI and PUN. Conclusions: The studied efficiency of feed utilization was

1) higher for bulls and lower for heifers;

2) proportional to the amount of energy fed (considering only the first period);

3) greater for treatment 3, probably due to a slightly higher protein content of ration 3 and a possible compensatory growth;

4) to some extent, reflected by the levels of Plasma Urea Nitrogen;

5) no correlated with plasma Protein Bound Iodine.

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Entregue para publicação em 03/10/83.

*

Trabalho baseado na tese de mestrado apresentada na Universidade de Ohio, Columbus, em 1970.

Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  19 Maio 2011
• Data do Fascículo
  1983

Histórico

• Recebido
  03 Out 1983