NATURAL ENEMIES ASSOCIATED TO DIASPIDIDAE (HEMIPTERA, STERNORRHYNCHA), ON <i>CITRUS SINENSIS</i> (LINNAEUS) OSBECK, IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

Wolff, V.R. dos S.; Pulz, C.E.; Silva, D.C. da; Mezzomo, J.B.; Prade, C.A.

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Artigo Científico • Arq. Inst. Biol. 71 (3) • Jul-Sep 2004 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v71p3552004 copy

NATURAL ENEMIES ASSOCIATED TO DIASPIDIDAE (HEMIPTERA, STERNORRHYNCHA), ON CITRUS SINENSIS (LINNAEUS) OSBECK, IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

A survey of natural enemies associated to armored scale insects (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) that occur on Citrus sinensis (Linnaeus) Osbeck, in Rio Grande do Sul, was made. Ten species of diaspidids were found, Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret, 1869) and Acutaspis perseae (Comstock, 1881) are new occurrences of Diaspididae on citric plants in Rio Grande do Sul. From Unaspis citri (Comstock, 1883), Cornuaspis beckii (Newstead, 1869), Parlatoria pergandii Comstock, 1881, Pinnaspis aspidistrae (Signoret, 1869) and Insulaspis gloverii (Packard, 1869), 5 species of entomopathogenic fungi were obtained. Fifteen species of coccinellids (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) were found, 9 of which are probably predators of Diaspididae.

KEY WORDS:
Armored scale insects; predators; entomopathogenic fungus; citric plants.

Bloco a	jan	fev	mar	abr	mai	jun	jul	ago	set	out	nov	dez
C. aonidum -P	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
C. aonidum - I	0	2	0	8	1	1	2	0	0	0	0	2
C. beckii - P	10	3	12	8	11	4	7	4	2	5	1	3
C. beckii - I	11	25	29	48	29	11	10	7	7	9	10	12
I. gloverii - P	0	1	1	2	3	3	2	1	1	0	0	0
I. gloverii - I	16	24	73	60	30	12	6	8	6	2	9	14
P. aspidistrae -P	0	0	1	5	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0
P. aspidistrae -I	10	3	9	4	3	12	6	0	1	0	4	3
P. pergandii - P	3	2	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0
P. pergandii - I	6	8	10	7	21	7	7	6	4	1	0	5
U. citri - P	6	13	11	4	6	1	1	1	3	0	0	1
U. citri - I	89	36	135	33	24	14	41	11	6	4	23	30
Bloco b	jan	fev	mar	abr	mai	jun	jul	ago	set	out	nov	dez
A. aonidum - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
A. aonidum - I	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
A. perseae - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
A. perseae - I	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	2	1
C. aonidum - P	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	2	1	0	0	0
C. aonidum - I	1	1	6	1	9	3	3	4	0	2	0	3
C. beckii - P	4	3	8	20	13	14	12	8	0	2	9	2
C. beckii - I	26	49	43	33	20	17	11	8	10	5	21	26
C. dictyospermi - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
C. dictyospermi - I	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
I. gloverii - P	0	3	3	4	11	6	3	0	2	1	2	3
I. gloverii - I	4	65	166	87	39	42	3	20	5	9	27	37
P. aspidistrae -P	0	2	20	13	9	1	3	1	3	2	3	8
P. aspidistrae -I	19	41	162	43	28	34	4	6	11	2	8	34
P. pergandii - P	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
P. pergandii - I	0	3	4	3	6	2	3	9	5	0	2	2
U. citri - P	1	15	19	4	5	4	4	4	0	1	0	2
U. citri - I	53	55	105	81	31	43	16	39	21	9	22	25

2001	jan	fev	mar	abr	mai	jun	jul	ago	set	out	nov	dez
A. aonidum-P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
A. aonidum -1	0	0	5	2	4	4	2	3	1	0	4	2
A. cyanophylli - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
A. cyanophylli -1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
A. perseae - P	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
A. perseae -I	0	0	0	0	3	1	1	7	0	0	2	3
C. aonidum - P	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0
C. aonidum -I	2	1	4	5	6	2	3	1	0	1	0	1
C. beckii - P	0	1	0	0	2	0	4	0	1	0	0	0
C. beckii -I	3	3	0	5	6	1	4	1	1	1	1	3
C. dictyospermi - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
C. dicyospermi -I	0	0	1	1	0	0	3	1	0	0	0	0
2001	jan	fev	mar	abr	mai	jun	jul	ago	set	out	nov	dez
I. gloverii - P	2	7	1	0	2	5	5	6	6	1	3	1
I. gloverii - I	2	8	9	20	14	12	12	18	8	13	8	9
P. aspidistrae -P	1	1	0	0	1	0	2	1	1	0	1	0
P. aspidistrae -I	2	2	1	1	3	6	0	2	0	0	3	2
P. pergandii - P	0	1	2	3	1	0	4	0	0	0	0	0
P. pergandii - I	3	2	16	16	21	12	29	7	10	3	5	4
U. citri - P	0	10	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
U. citri - I	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0
2002	jan	fev	mar	abr	mai	jun	jul	ago	set	out	nov	dez
A. aonidum - P	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
A. aonidum - I	12	1	9	1	1	2	13	2	1	6	2	1
A. cyanophylli - P	0	1	0	1	2	0	1	0	2	1	2	3
A. cyanophylli - I	3	2	2	10	11	9	3	2	6	0	6	4
A. perseae - P	4	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
A. perseae - I	11	7	9	6	5	1	1	3	0	4	0	2
C. aonidum - P	0	4	0	5	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
C. aonidum - I	2	8	1	10	3	1	1	0	0	0	0	0
C. beckii - P	4	0	6	10	3	13	11	4	2	7	0	2
C. beckii - I	14	14	7	24	8	24	13	16	9	15	0	9
C. dictyospermi - P	0	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
C. dictyospermi - I	0	5	3	2	2	3	0	1	0	1	0	0
I. gloverii - P	7	14	12	6	39	12	10	11	16	9	0	9
I. gloverii - I	33	31	33	52	100	65	35	54	54	10	0	8
P. aspidistrae -P	5	4	5	6	7	4	10	17	6	0	0	4
P. aspidistrae -I	24	33	19	51	52	22	29	66	17	0	0	2
P. pergandii - P	4	4	6	7	25	7	1	8	17	15	0	20
P. pergandii - I	17	34	32	61	215	128	81	159	174	111	0	62
U. citri - P	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
U. citri - I	0	0	3	0	9	1	15	1	9	1	0	30

Espécies	Número de Indivíduos
	Taquari 2001	Montenegro 2001	Montenegro 2002
Azya luteipes ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	52	0	3
Chryptognatha signata ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	146	0	8
Coccidophilus citricola ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	2	4	442
Coccinella ancoralis	0	0	4
Coccinella pulckela	0	2	14
Cycloneda callispilota	1	0	1
Cycloneda sanguinea	15	45	62
Eriopis connexa	0	1	0
Exochomus jourdani ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	37	44	32
Hyperaspis festiva ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	0	0	1
Hyperaspis notata ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	0	0	2
Hyperaspis sp.1^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	1	1	2
Hiperaspis sp.2^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	5	4	20
Pentilia egena ^* * Espécies consideradas predadoras de Diaspididae.	1	3	69
Zagreus bimaculosus	0	1	0

Cochonilhas
Fungos	C. beckii		I. gloverii		P. aspidistrae		P. pergandii		U. citri		Total
Fungos	A	B	A	B	A	B	A	B	A	B	A	B
Fusarium coccophilum	25	14	19	13	11	10	4	7	33	28	92	72
Tetracrium coccicolum	4	4	13	4	6	2	8	5	11	12	42	27
Aschersonia sp.	6	5	0	0	4	6	7	2	9	9	26	22
Myriangium duriaei	4	1	7	2	6	1	5	1	3	3	25	8
Lecanicillium lecanii	5	7	2	10	7	6	1	3	4	8	19	34
Trichoderma sp.	5	1	4	3	3	1	4	1	1	2	17	8

Fungos			Cochonilhas
Fungos	C. beckii	I. gloverii	P. aspidistrae P. pergandii	U. citri	Total
Fusarium coccophilum	12	27	8 2	23	72
Tetracrium coccicolum	6	16	7 4	15	48
Aschersonia sp.	9	0	7 5	2	23
Myriangium duriaei	3	6	2 2	9	22
Lecanicillium lecanii	2	8	4 1	6	21
Trichoderma sp.	1	1	2 1	1	6

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[1] *
Parte do Projeto "Manejo Agroecológico da Produção de Citros" com apoio financeiro da FAPERGS.