Development of low-cost culture media for <i>Ankistrodesmus gracilis</i> based on inorganic fertilizer and macrophyte

Sipaúba-Tavares, Lúcia Helena; Segali, Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser; Berchielli-Morais, Flavia Almeida; Scardoeli-Truzzi, Bruno

doi:10.1590/S2179-975X3916

Lúcia Helena Sipaúba-Tavares ^**e-mail: sipauba@caunesp.unesp.br

Laboratório de Limnologia e Produção de Plâncton, Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali

Laboratório de Limnologia e Produção de Plâncton, Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Flavia Almeida Berchielli-Morais

Laboratório de Limnologia e Produção de Plâncton, Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Bruno Scardoeli-Truzzi

Laboratório de Limnologia e Produção de Plâncton, Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

*e-mail: sipauba@caunesp.unesp.br

Figures (3)
Tables (4)

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Figure 1
Growth of Ankistrodesmus gracilis in three different media: inorganic fertilizer (NPK), macrophyte with inorganic fertilizer (M+NPK) and commercial (CHU₁₂). Data represent mean ± SD of three replicates per medium (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

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Figure 2
Weekly variations of pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of culture media parameters from three different media: inorganic fertilizer (NPK), macrophyte with inorganic fertilizer (M+NPK) and commercial (CHU₁₂). Data represent mean ± SD of three replicates per medium (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

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Figure 3
Weekly variations of total phosphorus (TP) and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) of culture media parameters from three different media: inorganic fertilizer (NPK), macrophyte with inorganic fertilizer (M+NPK) and commercial (CHU₁₂). Data represent mean ± SD of three replicates per medium (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

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Table 1
Composition of nutrients (g.L^-1) of different culture media: NPK; Macrophyte with NPK (M+NPK) and CHU₁₂.

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Table 2
Parameters of Ankistrodesmus gracilis cultured in inorganic fertilizer (NPK), macrophyte with inorganic fertilizer (M+NPK) and commercial media (CHU₁₂). Data represent mean ± SD^* * In each row, means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (p < 0.05). of three replicates per medium (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

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Table 3
Values obtained for macronutrients and micronutrients (g.L^-1) of Ankistrodesmus gracilis biomass in inorganic fertilizer (NPK), macrophyte with inorganic fertilizer (M+NPK) and commercial medium (CHU₁₂). Data represent mean ± SD^* * In each row, means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (p < 0.05). of three replicates per medium (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

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Table 4
Estimation of components cost (US$ dollars)^a a Average exchange rate (February 2017) US$1.00 = R$ 3.11; for 2-L producing 100,000L month¹ (g.L^-1 dry biomass) of Ankistrodesmus gracilis in different culture media (NPK, M+NPK and CHU₁₂).

Ingredients	Medium
Ingredients	NPK	M+NPK	CHU₁₂
P₂O₅	2.5	-	-
K₂O	10	-	-
N	10	0.095	-
P	-	0.091	-
C	-	0.199	-
Mn	-	0.06	-
Mg	-	0.003	-
Fe	-	2.18	-
K	-	0.056	-
Ca	-	0.001	-
Cu (mg)	-	0.05	-
Thiamine	0.007	0.007	-
Vit B₂	0.007	0.007	-
Vit B₆	0.005	0.005	-
Vit B₁₂ (µg.L^-1)	33	33	-
Biotin (mg.L^-1)	0.01	0.01	-
Ca(NO₃)₂	-	-	3.0
Na₂CO₃	-	-	2.0
KCl	-	-	0.5
K₂SiO	-	-	0.5
MgSO₄7H₂O	-	-	7.5
K₂HPO₄	-	-	0.5
FeCl_3.6H₂O	-	-	0.5

Parameters		Medium
Parameters	NPK	M+NPK	CHU₁₂
Chlorophyll-a (mg.L^-1)	758 ± 217^b	357 ± 166^c	1,899 ± 821^a
Mean cell density (x10⁵ cell mL^-1)	16.2 ± 6^a	12.7 ± 5^b	16.5 ± 6^a
Growth rate (k)	0.22	0.24	0.19
Division.day^-1 (div. day^-1)	0.32	0.35	0.32
Doubling time (days)	4.47	4.81	5.04
Dry weight (pg. cell^-1)	5.1 ± 3^a	4.4 ± 2^a	3.5 ± 2^a
Ash (% dry biomass)	1.5 ± 0.3^a	2.7 ± 1.7^a	1.7 ± 0.6^a
Protein (% dry biomass)	41.3 ± 3.4^a	37.7 ± 7.6^a	31.8 ± 4.8^b
Lipid (% dry biomass)	12.3 ± 0.8^a	9.9 ± 1.3^b	2.8 ± 1.4^c
Total lenght (µm)	14.2 ± 1^a	14.7 ±1^a	13.4 ± 1^a
Cell volume (µm³)	65.7 ± 16.2^a	71.2 ± 20.1^a	59.8 ± 11.2^a
TOC (pg.cell^-1)	9.9 ± 2^a	10.8 ± 3^a	8.9 ± 2^a
Conductivity (µS.cm^-1)	1,144 ± 23^a	1,125 ± 40^a	384 ± 55^b

Nutrient Composition	Media
Nutrient Composition	NPK	M + NPK	CHU₁₂
Boron (B)	6 ± 4^a	3 ± 1^a	7 ± 1^a
Calcium (Ca)	12 ± 11^b	6 ± 3^b	66 ± 31^a
Copper (Cu)	52 ± 20^a	25 ± 27^a	21 ± 16^a
Iron (Fe)	3,992 ± 1844^a	1,151 ± 1143^b	2,922 ± 1540^ab
Magnesium (Mg)	3 ± 1^b	2 ± 1^b	28 ± 7^a
Manganese (Mn)	112 ± 99^a	54 ± 23^a	65 ± 23^a
Nitrogen (N)	60 ± 7^a	54 ± 4^ab	46 ± 8^b
Phosphorus (P)	16 ± 7^ab	8 ± 2^b	22 ± 4^a
Potassium (K)	9 ± 2^a	7 ± 1^ab	6 ± 1^b
Sulfur (S)	6 ± 1^a	4 ± 2^a	5 ± 1^a
Zinc (Zn)	75 ± 24^a	35 ± 17^b	67 ± 12^a

Production Input	Culture Media
Production Input	NPK	M+NPK	CHU₁₂
Costs (US$)
Cost per liter of concentrated medium	0.57	0.11	1.85
Total annual costs^* * Estimate based on a production of 100,000 liters per month.	19,542	6,600	22,200
Production
Yield of one liter the concentrated culture medium (L^-1)	35	20	100
Yield of microalgae biomass (g.L^-1 dry biomass)	4.0	3.9	3.1
Annual biomass production (tonne dry biomass)^* * Estimate based on a production of 100,000 liters per month.	4,800	4,680	3,722

[1] *e-mail: sipauba@caunesp.unesp.br

Brasil

Brasil

Development of low-cost culture media for Ankistrodesmus gracilis based on inorganic fertilizer and macrophyte

Desenvolvimento de meios de cultura de baixo custo para Ankistrodesmus gracilis à base de fertilizante inorgânico e macrófita

Abstract

Methods

Results

Conclusion