Murray (1997)MURRAY, J. D. Connectives and narrative text: the role of continuity. Memory & Cognition, Madison, v.2, n.25, p. 227-236, 1997. Sanders’ (2005)SANDERS, T. J. M. Coherence, causality and cognitive complexity in discourse. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE EXPLORATION AND MODELLING OF MEANING, 1., 2005, Toulouse. Proceedings... Toulouse: University of Toulouse-le-Mirail, 2005. p.105-114.
Causality; Iconicity; Continuity; World knowledge; Connectives
| Type of information | Order | Connective | Stimulus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Everyday | Habitual | Absent | Guadalupe goes swimming every day. She is getting fitter and fitter. Is swimming getting Guadalupe fitter? |
| Present | Guadalupe goes swimming every day, so she is getting fitter and fitter. | ||
| Inverted | Absent | Guadalupe is fitter and fitter. She goes swimming every day. | |
| Present | Guadalupe is fitter and fitter because she goes swimming every day. | ||
| Technical | Habitual | Absent | The calcium activated the enzyme calmodulin. The process of phosphorylation of synapsin I started. Did the enzyme calmodulin provoke the phosphorylation of synapsin I? |
| Present | The calcium activated the enzyme calmodulin, so the process of phosphorylation of synapsin I started. | ||
| Inverted | Absent | The process of phosphorylation of synapsin I started. The calcium activated the enzyme calmodulin. | |
| Present | The process of phosphorylation of synapsin I started because the calcium activated the enzyme calmodulin. |
| Adequate (%) | Inadequate (%) | No Answer (%) | Adequacy Score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Everyday Stimuli | w/o a connective, in habitual order | 96.3 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 4.94 |
| w/o a connective, in inverted order | 90.7 | 6.9 | 2.3 | 4.28 | |
| Entonces (“so”) | 96.8 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 5.59 | |
| Porque (“because”) | 99.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 6.61 | |
| Technical Stimuli | w/o a connective, in habitual order | 72.8 | 19.7 | 7.5 | 2.05 |
| w/o a connective, in inverted order | 46.5 | 42.3 | 11.3 | -0.02 | |
| Entonces (“so”) | 94.5 | 4.1 | 1.4 | 4.98 | |
| Porque (“because”) | 77.6 | 19.2 | 3.3 | 2.20 | |
| RT (ms) | SD (ms) | AT (ms) | SD (ms) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Everyday Stimuli | w/o a connective, in habitual order | 4674,14 | 1456,25 | 5421,38 | 1795,75 |
| w/o a connective, in inverted order | 5012,13 | 1351,13 | 6446,00 | 2498,25 | |
| Entonces (“so”) | 4591,44 | 1445,45 | 5205,24 | 1795,75 | |
| Porque (“because”) | 4096,48 | 1013,28 | 3528,59 | 938,82 | |
| Technical Stimuli | w/o a connective, in habitual order | 9851,44 | 3022,57 | 18626,96 | 7476,92 |
| w/o a connective, in inverted order | 9279,66 | 7701,04 | 15880,57 | 7235,27 | |
| Entonces (“so”) | 6946,48 | 2063,67 | 8909,81 | 3898,19 | |
| Porque (“because”) | 7798,56 | 2845,29 | 14065,17 | 7197,67 |
