Procesos de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la eliminación de contaminantes orgánicos emergentes

Processos de tratamento de águas residuárias para a remoção de contaminantes orgânicos emergentes

Wastewater treatment processes for the removal of emerging organic pollutants

Resúmenes

Los contaminantes orgánicos emergentes conforman un grupo de sustancias muy heterogéneas, cuya característica en común es que causan efectos negativos sobre los organismos acuáticos, por lo que deben de ser eliminados del ambiente. Lamentablemente, los procesos convencionales con los que operan las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, especialmente los de tipo biológico, son ineficientes en la remoción de estas sustancias. Por este motivo, se hace necesaria la evaluación y optimización de tratamientos más eficaces, entre los que se encuentran los procesos de oxidación avanzada y de filtración por membranas. Sin embargo, ambas técnicas presentan inconvenientes que pueden limitar la aplicación individual de las mismas, de modo que podría proponerse la combinación de dichas tecnologías con procesos biológicos como mejor solución para tratar las aguas residuales contaminadas con contaminantes orgánicos emergentes.

contaminación acuática; biodegradación; procesos de oxidación avanzada

Os contaminantes orgânicos emergentes formam um grupo de substâncias bastante heterogêneas cuja característica comum é que causam efeitos negativos em organismos aquáticos, por isso, devem ser removidas do meio. Lamentavelmente, os processos convencionais que operam nas plantas de tratamento de águas residuárias, principalmente do tipo biológico, são ineficientes na degradação destas substâncias. Por esta razão, é necessária a avaliação e a otimização dos tratamentos para torná-los mais eficientes, incluindo os processos oxidativos avançados e de filtração por membranas. No entanto, ambas as técnicas têm desvantagens que podem limitar a aplicação isolada delas, de modo que é proposta a combinação dessas tecnologias com processos biológicos como a melhor solução para o tratamento de águas residuárias contaminadas com contaminantes emergentes.

poluição da água; biodegradação; processos oxidativos avançados

Emerging organic pollutants form a very heterogeneous group of substances that have negative effects on aquatic organisms, so they should be removed from the environment. Unfortunately, conventional processes in wastewater treatment plants, especially biological ones, are inefficient in the degradation of these substances. It is therefore necessary to evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of the treatments, including advanced oxidation and membrane filtration processes. However, both techniques have drawbacks that may limit their stand-alone application, so it is proposed that the best solution may be to combine these technologies with biological processes to treat wastewater contaminated with emerging organic pollutants.

water pollution; biodegradation; advanced oxidation processes

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Fechas de Publicación

• Publicación en esta colección
  22 Ene 2014
• Fecha del número
  Dic 2013

Histórico

• Recibido
  28 Ago 2013
• Acepto
  03 Oct 2013