Preparation and application of Zero Valent Iron immobilized in Activated Carbon for removal of hexavalent Chromium from synthetic effluent

Preparação e aplicação de Ferro Valência Zero imobilizado em Carvão Ativado para a remoção de Cromo hexavalente de efluente sintético

Abstract

Unlike organic contaminants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms; they are also recognized for being toxic or carcinogenic. The use of nanoparticles of zero-valent iron (nZVI) is reported as an alternative technique with high potential for in situ and ex situ remediation of contaminated matrices with this metal, mainly due to its large active surface area and significant adsorption capacity to consolidate into a simple and efficient method of treatment. In this study, ZVI particles were synthesized by the chemical reduction method using hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄.7H₂O) and sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) with subsequent aggregation to powdered activated carbon (PAC), forming the adsorbent PAC-ZVI, which was characterized by the techniques of XRD and SEM, which revealed the integration of the catalyst to the activated carbon matrix. Finally, developed kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption kinetics was better adapted to a pseudo second order model, the isotherms were better represented by the Freundlich model and the thermodynamic results showed that the adsorption reaction occurred through a spontaneous process with endothermic interaction between Cr (VI) and PAC-ZVI with increase in the randomness of the system.

Keywords: activated carbon; hexavalent chromium; zero valent iron.