Dynamics of natural regeneration after disturbance in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in southern Brazil

Ruggiero, Alyne Regina; Schorn, Lauri Amândio; Santos, Kristiana Fiorentin dos; Fenilli, Tatiele Anete Bergamo

doi:10.4136/ambi-agua.2679

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ARTICLES • Rev. Ambient. Água 16 (3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2679 linkcopy

Dynamics of natural regeneration after disturbance in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in southern Brazil

Dinâmica da regeneração natural após distúrbio em uma remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Sul do Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study evaluated changes in the structure for remnant Mixed Ombrophilous Forest recovering from logging, which ceased over 40 years ago. Regarding the dynamics of the floristic composition of natural regeneration, 18 species remained (23.38% of the total) and 27 new species entered (35.06% of the total). The greatest increases were observed for Allophylus edulis, Myrsine umbellata, and Miconia cinerascens. When analyzing the dynamics of regeneration in ecological groups, it was observed that pioneer species had a similar value in both surveys (29.4% and 29.6%); secondary species decreased from 56.6% to 52.8%, and late-successional species increased from 0.2% to 6.0%. Therefore, the forest fragment studied is in a healing phase after disturbance, characterized by the increased regeneration of pioneer species as a result of sufficient light entering the interior of the forest.

Keywords: horizontal structure; ingress; mortality; succession stages

Authorship

Alyne Regina Ruggiero

Departamento de Engenharia Florestal. Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Rua São Paulo, n° 3250, CEP: 89030-080, Blumenau, SC, Brazil. E-mail: alyne.cena@gmail.com, lschorn@furb.br, kristianafiorentin@gmail.com, tfenilli@furb.br Universidade Regional de BlumenauBrazilBlumenau, SC, BrazilDepartamento de Engenharia Florestal. Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Rua São Paulo, n° 3250, CEP: 89030-080, Blumenau, SC, Brazil. E-mail: alyne.cena@gmail.com, lschorn@furb.br, kristianafiorentin@gmail.com, tfenilli@furb.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-2810

Lauri Amândio Schorn

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-5354

Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos ^**Corresponding author: Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos, e-mail: kristianafiorentin@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8244-5120

Tatiele Anete Bergamo Fenilli

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-5935

^*Corresponding author: Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos, e-mail: kristianafiorentin@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (3)
Tables (3)

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Figure 1.
Geographic location of the plots in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Figure 2.
Relative natural regeneration by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

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Figure 3.

Average rates of change in the regenerative stratum by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.

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Table 1.
Floristic and structural descriptors evaluated for natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Table 2.
Phytosociological parameters of 20 species of greatest of values relative natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

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Table 3.
Dynamics of the structure of the regenerative stratum in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

imageFigure 1. Geographic location of the plots in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. open_in_new

imageFigure 2. Relative natural regeneration by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil. P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined. open_in_new

imageFigure 3.
Average rates of change in the regenerative stratum by ecological groups in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

P: Pioneers species; SE: Secondary species; LS: late-successional species; ND: Ecological group not defined.
open_in_new

table_chartTable 1. Floristic and structural descriptors evaluated for natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Descriptors evaluated	2012	2016
Number of species	50	59
Number of genres	43	37
Number of families	29	24
Shannons diversity index (H')	3.15	3.26
Pielous equability index (J')	0.81	0.79
Simpsons diversity index (D)	0.94	0.94
Number of individuals per hectare	12,382	12,313

table_chartTable 2. Phytosociological parameters of 20 species of greatest of values relative natural regeneration in 2012 and 2016 in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

SPECIES	AD (n ha^-1)		RD (%)		AF (%)		RF (%)		ASC		RSC (%)		ANR		RNR (%)
SPECIES	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016
Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk.	1248.4	1707.0	10.1	13.9	65.0	65.0	5.9	7.6	22.5	29.1	10.3	15.0	445.3	600.4	8.7	12.1
Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer	382.2	484.1	3.1	3.9	40.0	25.0	3.6	2.9	7.2	8.6	3.3	4.4	143.1	172.6	3.3	3.8
Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol) Kuntze	535.0	331.2	4.3	2.7	35.0	35.0	3.2	4.1	9.4	5.9	4.3	3.0	193.2	124.0	3.9	3.3
Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	51.0	229.3	0.4	1.9	10.0	20.0	0.9	2.3	1.1	4.1	0.5	2.1	20.7	84.5	0.6	2.1
Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.	25.5	101.9	0.2	0.8	5.0	10.0	0.5	1.2	0.4	1.4	0.2	0.7	10.3	37.8	0.3	0.9
Casearia decandra Jacq.	1095.5	917.2	8.8	7.4	80.0	45.0	7.2	5.3	20.6	15.8	9.4	8.1	398.7	326.0	8.5	6.9
Casearia obliqua Spreng.	51.0	25.5	0.4	0.2	10.0	5.0	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.1	0.5	0.0	20.7	10.2	0.6	0.3
Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke	229.3	382.2	1.9	3.1	30.0	35.0	2.7	4.1	3.8	6.4	1.7	3.3	87.7	141.2	2.1	3.5
Cupania vernalis Cambess.	458.6	76.4	3.7	0.6	40.0	10.0	3.6	1.2	7.3	1.4	3.3	0.7	168.6	29.3	3.5	0.8
Eugenia sp.	1579.6	738.9	12.8	6.0	90.0	40.0	8.1	4.7	28.2	12.4	12.9	6.4	565.9	263.7	11.2	5.7
Eugenia uniflora L.	203.8	305.7	1.6	2.5	30.0	30.0	2.7	3.5	4.1	4.6	1.9	2.4	79.3	113.4	2.1	2.8
Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc.	25.5	76.4	0.2	0.6	5.0	15.0	0.5	1.8	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.3	10.3	30.7	0.3	0.9
Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	993.6	789.8	8.0	6.4	70.0	60.0	6.3	7.0	16.1	10.2	7.4	5.2	359.9	286.7	7.2	6.2
Miconia cinerascens Miq.	101.9	509.6	0.8	4.1	15.0	10.0	1.4	1.2	2.0	6.6	0.9	3.4	39.6	175.4	1.0	2.9
Myrsine umbellata Mart.	866.2	1197.5	7.0	9.7	55.0	55.0	5.0	6.4	15.5	19.2	7.1	9.9	312.2	423.9	6.3	8.7
Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl.	178.3	101.9	1.4	0.8	15.0	10.0	1.4	1.2	2.3	1.5	1.0	0.8	65.2	37.8	1.3	0.9
Roupala montana Aubl.	152.9	51.0	1.2	0.4	25.0	10.0	2.3	1.2	2.3	0.6	1.1	0.3	60.1	20.5	1.5	0.6
Rudgea parquioides (Cham.) Müll.Arg.	433.1	356.7	3.5	2.9	50.0	30.0	4.5	3.5	7.9	6.3	3.6	3.2	163.7	131.0	3.9	3.2
Sebastiana brasiliensis Spreng.	687.9	687.9	5.6	5.6	45.0	25.0	4.1	2.9	13.9	11.3	6.4	5.8	248.9	241.4	5.3	4.8
Styrax leprosus Hook. & Arn.	433.1	254.8	3.5	2.1	50.0	25.0	4.5	2.9	7.2	4.5	3.3	2.3	163.4	94.8	3.8	2.4

AD: absolute density; RD: relative density; AF: absolute frequency; RF: relative frequency; ASC: absolute size class; RSC: relative size class; ANR: absolute natural regeneration; RNR: relative natural regeneration.

table_chartTable 3. Dynamics of the structure of the regenerative stratum in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

SPECIES	RD (%)		RF (%)		RSC (%)		RNR (%)		CHANGES
SPECIES	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	2012	2016	RNR (%)
Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk.	10.1	13.9	5.9	7.6	10.2	15.0	8.7	12.1	3.4
Allophylus guaraniticus (A. St.-Hil.) Radlk.		5.2		4.7		5.6		5.2
Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer	3.1	3.9	3.6	2.9	3.3	4.4	3.3	3.8	0.5
Araucaria angustifólia (Bertol) Kuntze	4.3	2.7	3.2	4.1	4.3	3.0	3.9	3.3	-0.6
Baccharis dentata (Vell.) G.Barroso		0.6		0.6		0.5		0.6
Bernardia pulchella (Baill.) Müll.Arg	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.2
Brunfelsia cuneifólia J.A.Schmidt		0.6		1.2		0.7		0.8
Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	0.4	1.9	0.9	2.3	0.5	2.1	0.6	2.1	1.5
Calyptranthes concinna DC.	2.1		3.2		2.1		2.4
Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.	0.2	0.8	0.5	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.3	0.9	0.6
Capsicum sp.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Casearia decandra Jacq.	8.8	7.4	7.2	5.3	9.4	8.1	8.5	6.9	-1.6
Casearia obliqua Spreng.	0.4	0.2	0.9	0.6	0.5	0.0	0.6	0.3	-0.3
Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke	1.9	3.1	2.7	4.1	1.7	3.3	2.1	3.5	1.4
Cinnamomum amoenum (Nees & Mart.) Kosterm.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Citronella gongonha (Mart.) R.A.Howard	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Cupania vernalis Cambess.	3.7	0.6	3.6	1.2	3.3	0.7	3.5	0.8	-2.7
Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton	0.4		0.5		0.4		0.4
Daphnopsis racemosa Griseb.	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Drimys brasiliensis Miers	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Eugenia rostrifolia D.Legrand	2.3	0.2	2.7	0.6	2.3	0.2	2.4	0.3	-2.1
Eugenia uniflora L.	1.6	2.5	2.7	3.5	1.9	2.4	2.1	2.8	0.7
Eugenia sp.	12.8	6.0	8.1	4.7	12.8	6.4	11.2	5.7	-5.5
Ilex theezans Mart. ex Reissek	1.2		1.8		1.3		1.4
Lamanonia ternata Vell.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Leandra regnellii (Triana) Cogn.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Aiton		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Lonchocarpus campestris Mart. ex Benth	0.4		0.5		0.4		0.4
Lonchocarpus latifolius (Willd.) DC.		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc.	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.8	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.6
Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	8.0	6.4	6.3	7.0	7.4	5.2	7.2	6.2	-1.0
Maytenus aquifolia Mart.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Miconia cinerascens Miq.	0.8	4.1	1.4	1.2	0.9	3.4	1.0	2.9	1.9
Mimosa scabrella Benth.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Myrceugenia mesomischa (Burret) D. Legrand et Kausel		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrceugenia sp.	0.4		0.9		0.4		0.6
Myrcia glabra (O.Berg) D. Legrand		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrcia hartwegiana (O.Berg) Kiaersk.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Myrcianthes pungens (O.Berg) D.Legrand	0.4		0.9		0.5		0.6
Myrocarpus frondosus Allemão	1.2		0.9		1.4		1.2
Myrsine lorentziana (Mez) Arechav.		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Myrsine sp.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Myrsine umbellata Mart.	7.0	9.9	5.0	7.0	7.1	10.1	6.3	9.0	2.7
Nectandra lanceolata Nees	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.2
Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez	2.7	1.2	2.3	2.3	2.0	1.4	2.3	1.7	-0.6
Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees.	1.2	0.2	2.3	0.6	0.7	0.2	1.4	0.3	-1.1
Ocotea pulchella (Nees) Mez	4.3	0.2	4.5	0.6	4.4	0.2	4.4	0.3	-4.1
Ocotea pulchra Vattimo-Gil		0.8		1.8		0.9		1.2
Ocotea sp.		0.4		1.2		0.5		0.7
Pavonia sepium A.St.-Hil.		1.2		1.2		1.2		1.2
Pera glabrata (Schott) Poepp. ex Baill.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
Piptocarpha angustifolia Dusén ex Malme	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl.	1.4	0.8	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.8	1.3	0.9	-0.4
Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb.	0.8		1.8		0.9		1.2
US - 1		0.6		1.2		0.7		0.8
US - 2		0.8		1.2		0.9		1.0
US - 3		0.4		0.6		0.5		0.5
US - 4		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 5		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 6		0.6		0.6		0.7		0.6
US - 7		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
US - 8		0.4		0.6		0.3		0.4
US - 9	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Roupala montana Aubl.	1.2	0.4	2.3	1.2	1.1	0.3	1.5	0.6	-0.9
Rudgea parquioides (Cham.) Müll.Arg	3.5	2.9	4.5	3.5	3.6	3.2	3.9	3.2	-0.7
Schaefferia argentinensis Speg.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Sebastiania brasiliensis Spreng.	5.6	5.6	4.1	2.9	6.3	5.8	5.3	4.8	-0.5
Sebastiania commersoniana (Baill.)		4.2		1.2		0.7		2.0
L.B. Sm. & Downs
Seguieria aculeata Jacq.	0.2		0.5		0.2		0.3
Strychnos brasiliensis (Spreng.) Mart.	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0
Styrax leprosus Hook. & Arn.	3.5	2.1	4.5	2.9	3.3	2.3	3.8	2.4	-1.4
Trichilia elegans A. Juss.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3
Xylosma ciliatifolia (Clos) Eichler	0.4		0.9		0.4		0.6
Zanthoxylum kleinii (R.S.Cowan) P.G.Waterman	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.5
Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.		0.2		0.6		0.2		0.3

RD: relative density; RF: relative frequency; RSC: relative size class; RNR: relative natural regeneration; US: unidentified species.

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