Índice de qualidade de água para consumo humano: uma revisão sistemática

Klamt, Rodrigo Augusto; Costa, Adilson Ben da; Gaedke, Mari Ângela; Lobo, Eduardo Alexis

doi:10.4136/ambi-agua.2630

Brasil

home Sumário navigate_before Anterior Atual Seguinte navigate_next

home Sumário

ARTICLES • Rev. Ambient. Água 16 (2) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2630 linkcopiar

Índice de qualidade de água para consumo humano: uma revisão sistemática

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Esta análise aplica a revisão sistemática como metodologia para identificar, analisar e interpretar dados sobre o uso de índices de qualidade da água para consumo humano. Os artigos científicos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados “PubMed”, “Scielo”, “Science Direct” e “Web of Science”, usando as palavras-chave “água potável” e “índice de qualidade da água”, com um intervalo personalizado entre 2000 e 2020. Os resultados indicaram 82573 artigos publicados, sendo 16 deles selecionados após um processo de filtragem. Verificou-se a ocorrência de 11 índices de qualidade da água, incluindo 47 parâmetros de qualidade da água utilizados para avaliar a qualidade da água potável, destacando que os parâmetros pH, nitrato, turbidez, cloreto e sulfato foram os mais utilizados, citados em 10 dos 16 artigos selecionados (62,5%). Sugerimos que pesquisas futuras procurem propor indicadores regionalizados de qualidade da água para consumo, a fim de considerar aspectos locais no processo de avaliação e determinar prioridades de intervenção por órgãos de vigilância em saúde.

Palavras-chave: água potável; índices de qualidade da água; revisão sistemática

vertical_align_top file_download show_chart

more_horizclose
- image
- translate
- link
- article
- vertical_align_top
- file_download
- show_chart
- image
- translate
- link
- article

location_on

Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi), Estrada Mun. Dr. José Luis Cembranelli, 5000, Taubaté, SP, Brasil, CEP 12081-010 - Taubaté - SP - Brazil
E-mail: ambi.agua@gmail.com

rss_feed Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Reference	Questions
General question (GQ1)	Which indices were applied to classify the quality of drinking water?
Specific question (FQ1)	Which variables were found in the research?
Statistic question (SQ1)	Where were the surveys published?

Database	Initial search	Keywords in the title	C1	C2	C3/C4
PubMed	126	32	24	24	3 (2,38%)
Scielo	38	1	1	1	0 (0%)
Science Direct	42815	356	356	344	10 (0,02%)
Web of science	39594	26	15	15	3 (0,01%)
Total	82573	415	396	381	16 (0,02%)

Water Quality Indices	Articles
Bhargava Water Quality Index.	Avvannavar and Shrihari (2008).
GWQI - Groundwater Quality Index.	Masocha et al. (2019).
National Sanitation Foundation Index (NSF).	Gharibi et al. (2012); Barakat et al. (2018); Cooray et al. (2019).
WQI CCME.	Gharibi et al. (2012); Hurley et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015).
Water Quality Index (WQI).	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015).
Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI).	Scheili et al. (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Ramesh et al. (2010); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Fuzzy-based Water Quality Index.	Gharibi et al. (2012).
Additive Water Quality Index (AWQI).	Paca et al. (2019).
Multiplicative Water Quality Index (MWQI).	Paca et al. (2019).
Scottish Water Quality Index (SDD).	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007).
Integrated Water Quality Index (IWQI).	Mukate et al. (2019).

Parameters (N° of citations)	Articles
pH (16)	Paca et al. (2019); Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Scheili et al. (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Cooray et al. (2019); Avvannavar and Shrihari (2008); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Hurley et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Nitrate (13)	Paca et al. (2019); Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Hurley et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Turbidity (11)	Paca et al. (2019); Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Scheili et al. (2015); Avvannavar and Shrihari (2008); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Gharibi et al. (2012); Hurley et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019).
Chlorides (10)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Cooray et al. (2019); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Mukate et al. (2019).
Sulfate (10)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Cooray et al. (2019); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Total hardness (9)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Cooray et al. (2019); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019).
Iron (9)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Cooray et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Hurley et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019).
Calcium (9)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Magnesium (8)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Sodium (8)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Fluorides (8)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Cooray et al. (2019); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Electric conductivity (8)	Paca et al. (2019); Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Cooray et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019).
Total coliforms (7)	Avvannavar and Shrihari (2008); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Hurley et al. (2012); Barakat et al. (2018); Masocha et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007).
Total dissolved solids (6)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Mukate et al. (2019).
Chrome (6)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Nitrite (6)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018).
Total alkalinity (5)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Cooray et al. (2019); Ramesh et al. (2010); Barakat et al. (2018); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Manganese (5)	Batabya and Chakraborty (2015); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Zinc (5)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Copper (5)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Ammonia (5)	Paca et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018).
Potassium (4)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014); Masocha et al. (2019); Mukate et al. (2019).
Lead (4)	Ramesh et al. (2010); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Ponsadailakshmi et al. (2018).
Dissolved oxygen (4)	Paca et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Gharibi et al. (2012); Barakat et al. (2018).
Arsenic (4)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015).
Titalicperature (4)	Scheili et al. (2015); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Gharibi et al. (2012); Barakat et al. (2018).
Escherichia coli(3)	Hurley et al. (2012); Abtahi et al. (2015); Barakat et al. (2018).
Fecal coliforms (3)	Paca et al. (2019); Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Mohebbi et al. (2013).
Biochitalicical oxygen ditalicand (3)	Paca et al. (2019); Avvannavar and Shrihari (2008); Gharibi et al. (2012).
Total organic carbon (3)	Scheili et al. (2015); Hurley et al. (2012); Cooray et al. (2019).
Cadmium (3)	Ramesh et al. (2010); Mohebbi et al. (2013); Gharibi et al. (2012).
Aluminium (2)	Mohebbi et al. (2013); Abtahi et al. (2015).
Phosphate (2)	Paca et al. (2019); Gharibi et al. (2012).
Mercury (2)	Gharibi et al. (2012); Mohebbi et al. (2013).
Fecal enterococci (2)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007); Barakat et al. (2018).
Bicarbonate (2)	Batabyal and Chakraborty (2015); Jasmin and Mallikarjuna (2014).
Nickel (1)	Ramesh et al. (2010).
Free chlorine (1)	Scheili et al. (2015).
Barium (1)	Gharibi et al. (2012).
Cyanide (1)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007).
Ryznar Index (1)	Abtahi et al. (2015).
Colour (1)	Bordalo and Savva-Bordalo (2007).
Salmonella(1)	Ramesh et al. (2010).
Trihalomethanes (1)	Scheili et al. (2015).
Haloacetic acid (1)	Scheili et al. (2015).
Ultraviolet absorption (1)	Scheili et al. (2015).
Heterotrophic coliforms (1)	Scheili et al. (2015).

Microbiological	Chemicals	Radioactive	Acceptability	Others
Total coliforms	Fluoride	Lead	pH	Temperature
Escherichia coli	Total hardness		Chloride	Calcium
Fecal coliforms	Nitrate		Sulfate	Magnesium
Fecal enterococci	Aluminum		Chlorine	Phosphate
Salmonella	Potassium		Sodium	Total organic carbon
Heterotrophic coliforms	Chromium		Total dissolved solids	Electric conductivity
	Zinc		Iron	Total alkalinity
	Copper		Manganese	Biochemical oxygen demand
	Nitrite		Turbidity
	Cyanide		Total hardness
	Ammonia		Zinc
	Cadmium		Dissolved oxygen
	Arsenic		Aluminium
	Barium		Ammonia
	Nickel		Colour
	Mercury		Copper
	Chloride
	Manganese
	pH
	Sodium
	Sulfate
	Iron
	Lead
	Bicarbonate
	Total dissolved solids

Potability parameter	Maximum value allowed
Free Residual Chlorine	0,2 - 2,0 mg L^-1
pH	6,0 - 9,5
Apparent Color	15 CU
Fluoride	1,5 mg L^-1
Turbidity	5 NTU
Total Coliforms	Absence in 100 mL
Escherichia coli	Absence in 100 mL
Heterotrophic Bacteria	500 UFC mL^-1