Ipiranga on the journey to Independence

ABSTRACT

We determined and drew on a current map the path of d. Pedro on September 7, 1822: from Santos, as if drawn to Ipiranga, and from Ipiranga impelled to São Paulo. To this end, we use the four accounts of the Independence of Brazil that we consider to be the main ones, since they are from people who accompanied the prince regent on that day. There are coincidences and divergences, which we try to analyze, settle, and harmonize whenever possible. Other later articles were considered that analyzed the subject in depth, established doubts and questions, and made their hypotheses, not always correct. The other main novelty of this work is the spatialization of the journey, which was not explored by previous works, except for a work from 1909, repeated in 1972, but containing errors and which could be improved. We also used several historical maps from 1832, 1900, 1930, and current ones, with emphasis on the site of Ipiranga.

KEYWORDS:
Ipiranga; Journey of Independence of Brazil; Reports of Independence; September 7 1822