Most of the ventriculovenous shunt complications are caused by infections. From a series of 184 patients submitted to ventriculo-auriculostomy, 39 cases have had infectious complications. In 18 of them ventriculitis or meningitis was present and in 21 patients infections in the valve or catheters was found. Despite these complications the ventriculo-auriculostomy remains the most employed shunt in the treatment of hydrocephalus. If better selection of patients could be made the results, probably, would improve. Up to the present the cause and prophylaxy of the infection are very controversial. In cases with ventriculitis an intensive antibiotic treatment must be made, including by intraventricular route, and the shunt will be removed as soon as the conditions of the patient improve. In cases with bacteremia the remotion of the shunt may be postponed, according to the severity of the infection and the response to drug therapy.