Neurocisticercose como provável fator de risco para esclerose hipocampal

Singh, Gagandeep; Sander, Josemir W.

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20180130

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

View and Review • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 76 (11) • Nov 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20180130 copiar

Neurocisticercose como provável fator de risco para esclerose hipocampal

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

A neurocisticercose é um dos mais comuns fatores de risco para a epilepsia, mas sua associação com a epilepsia resistente a medicamentos (DRE) permanece incerta. Conjecturas de uma associação com a DRE têm sido alimentadas por relatos de uma associação entre lesões de neurocisticercose calcária (CNL) e esclerose hipocampal (HS) de centros especializados em epilepsia em regiões endêmicas de Taenia solium. O debate que surge desses relatórios é se a associação é causal. Se bem as evidências para a associação não são de alta qualidade, são suficientemente persuasivas para merecer mais investigação com estudos longitudinais de imagens em amostras de base populacional de regiões geograficamente diversas. O outro ponto controverso é a escolha da abordagem cirúrgica para a DRE associada à CNL-HS. Três abordagens têm sido descritas: lobectomia temporal ântero-mesial padrão, lesionectomia envolvendo apenas CNL e lesionectomia com lobectomia temporal ântero-mesial (para patologia dupla); os relatórios das duas últimas abordagens são limitados. A avaliação pré-cirúrgica deve considerar as possibilidades de delinear a (s) zona (s) epileptogênica (s) de acordo com as três abordagens.

Palavras-chave:
Epilepsia resistente a medicamentos; neurocisticercose; epilepsia

Variable	Author, year	Study design	Study location	Comment
Studies of association between HS and CNL	Velasco et al., 2006¹⁶16. Velasco TR, Zanello PA, Dalmagro CL, Araújo D Jr, Santos AC, Bianchin MM et al. Calcified cysticercotic lesions and intractable epilepsy: a cross sectional study of 512 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 Apr;77(4):485-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.078675 https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.078675...	Hospital-based cross-sectional study	Sao Paulo, Brazil, Referral centre for epilepsy surgery	Compared prevalence of CNLs among patients with HS with other etiologies of epilepsy
	Oliveira et al., 2014³¹31. Oliveira MC, Martin MG, Tsunemi MH, Vieira G, Castro LH. Small calcified lesions suggestive of neurocysticercosis are associated with mesial temporal sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2014 Jul;72(7):510-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140080 https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X2014008...	Hospital-based cross-sectional study	Sao Paulo, Epilepsy clinic-based	Compared prevalence of CNLs among patients with HS with other etiologies of epilepsy
	Taveira et al., 2015³⁰30. Taveira MO, Morita ME, Yasuda CL, Coan AC, Secolin R, Costs ALC et al. Neurocysticercotic calcifications and hippocampal sclerosis: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2015;10: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131180 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.013...	Case control study, hospital-based	Sao Paulo, Referral centre for epilepsy surgery	Compared prevalence of CNLs among s patients with HS with other etiologies of epilepsy
	Del Brutto et al., 2015³⁵35. Del Brutto OH, Salgado P, Lama J, Del Brutto VJ, Campos X, Zambrano M et al. Calcified neurocysticercosis associates with hippocampal atrophy: a population-based study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Jan;92(1):64-8. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0453 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0453...	Population-based, exposed-unexposed study	Ecuador	Determined prevalence ratio of hippocampal atrophy among patients with CNLs with those with no evidence of NCC
	Del Brutto et al., 2017³⁶36. Del Brutto OH, Issa NP, Salgado P, Del Brutto VJ, Zambrano M, Lama J et al. The association between neurocysticercosis and hippocampal atropy is related to age. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Jan;96(1):243-8. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0689 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0689...	Population-based, exposed-unexposed study	Ecuador
Studies comparing demographic features of CNL-HS with HS alone	^* * The studies listed in this cell were published at different periods of time from the same center and comprised overlapping sets of cases. Hence, the latest reports with the largest number27,28 were used for analysis. Case reports and small series of cases are not represented in this table. Bianchin et al., 2015²⁸28. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Wichert-Ana L, Araújo Junior D, Alexandre Junior V, Scornavacca F et al. Neuroimaging observations linking neurocysticercosis and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy Res. 2015 Oct;116:34-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.07.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.201...	Hospital-based series	Sao Paulo, Brazil
	Bianchin et al., 2013²⁷27. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Coimbra ER, Gargaro AC, Escorsi-Rosset SR, Wichert-Ana L et al. Cognitive and surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis: a cohort study. PLoS One. 2013 Apr;8(4):e60949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060949 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.006...
	Leite et al., 2000¹⁵15. Leite JP, Terra-Bustamante VC, Fernandes RM, Santos AC, Chimelli L, Sakamoto AC et al. Calcified neurocysticercotic lesions and postsurgery seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2000 Nov;55(10):1485-91. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485...
	Rathore et al., 2012²⁹29. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and hippocampal sclerosis: potential dual pathology? Epilepsia. 2012 Apr;53(4):e60-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03386.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011...	Hospital-based series	Trivandrum, India
	Rathore et al., 2013¹¹11. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Abraham M, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and antiepileptic drug-resistant epilepsy: a surgically remediable syndrome? Epilepsia. 2013 Oct;54(10):1815-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349 https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349...	Hospital-based series	Trivandrum, India
Studies describing surgical outcome in CNL-HS/CNL alone	Bianchin et al., 2013²⁷27. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Coimbra ER, Gargaro AC, Escorsi-Rosset SR, Wichert-Ana L et al. Cognitive and surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis: a cohort study. PLoS One. 2013 Apr;8(4):e60949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060949 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.006...	Hospital-based series	Sao Paulo, Brazil
	Leite et al., 2000¹⁵15. Leite JP, Terra-Bustamante VC, Fernandes RM, Santos AC, Chimelli L, Sakamoto AC et al. Calcified neurocysticercotic lesions and postsurgery seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2000 Nov;55(10):1485-91. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485...	Hospital-based series	Sao Paulo, Brazil
	Rathore et al., 2013¹¹11. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Abraham M, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and antiepileptic drug-resistant epilepsy: a surgically remediable syndrome? Epilepsia. 2013 Oct;54(10):1815-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349 https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349...	Hospital-based series	Trivandrum, India

Author, year		HS alone	CNL-HS
Age of onset (First unprovoked seizure) (mean SD)
	Rathore et al., 2012²⁹29. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and hippocampal sclerosis: potential dual pathology? Epilepsia. 2012 Apr;53(4):e60-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03386.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011...	10 ± 6 years	16 ± 7 years
	Bianchin et al., 2013²⁷27. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Coimbra ER, Gargaro AC, Escorsi-Rosset SR, Wichert-Ana L et al. Cognitive and surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis: a cohort study. PLoS One. 2013 Apr;8(4):e60949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060949 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.006...	9 ± 9 years	10 ± 8 years
Gender distribution (Proportion of femal.es)
	Bianchin et al., 2013²⁷27. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Coimbra ER, Gargaro AC, Escorsi-Rosset SR, Wichert-Ana L et al. Cognitive and surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis: a cohort study. PLoS One. 2013 Apr;8(4):e60949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060949 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.006...	54%	62%
	Oliveira et al., 2015³¹31. Oliveira MC, Martin MG, Tsunemi MH, Vieira G, Castro LH. Small calcified lesions suggestive of neurocysticercosis are associated with mesial temporal sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2014 Jul;72(7):510-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140080 https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X2014008...	70%	67%
Antecedent febrile seizures (initial. precipitating illness) {Proportion; (%)}
	Chandra et al., 2010¹²12. Chandra PS, Bal C, Garg A, Gaikwad S, Prasad K, Sharma BS et al. Surgery for medically intractable epilepsy due to postinfectious etiologies. Epilepsia. 2010 Jun;51(6):1097-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02538.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010...		Nil
	Rathore et al., 2012²⁹29. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and hippocampal sclerosis: potential dual pathology? Epilepsia. 2012 Apr;53(4):e60-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03386.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011...	53%	22%
	Oliveira et al., 2015³¹31. Oliveira MC, Martin MG, Tsunemi MH, Vieira G, Castro LH. Small calcified lesions suggestive of neurocysticercosis are associated with mesial temporal sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2014 Jul;72(7):510-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140080 https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X2014008...	23%	27%
Proportion of bitemporal. spikes(%)
	Leite et al., 2000¹⁵15. Leite JP, Terra-Bustamante VC, Fernandes RM, Santos AC, Chimelli L, Sakamoto AC et al. Calcified neurocysticercotic lesions and postsurgery seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2000 Nov;55(10):1485-91. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485...	10%	11%
	Rathore et al., 2012²⁹29. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and hippocampal sclerosis: potential dual pathology? Epilepsia. 2012 Apr;53(4):e60-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03386.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011...	8%	50%

Surgical procedure	Reference (Author, year)	Number of cases operated on	Number of cases with postoperative seizure freedom
Standard anteromesial temporal lobectomy (with/without CNL in the surgical field)	Rathore et al., 2013¹¹11. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Abraham M, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and antiepileptic drug-resistant epilepsy: a surgically remediable syndrome? Epilepsia. 2013 Oct;54(10):1815-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349 https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349...	7	4 (57%)
	Leite et al., 2000¹⁵15. Leite JP, Terra-Bustamante VC, Fernandes RM, Santos AC, Chimelli L, Sakamoto AC et al. Calcified neurocysticercotic lesions and postsurgery seizure control in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2000 Nov;55(10):1485-91. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.55.10.1485...	32	26 (81%)
	Bianchin et al., 2013²⁷27. Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Coimbra ER, Gargaro AC, Escorsi-Rosset SR, Wichert-Ana L et al. Cognitive and surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis: a cohort study. PLoS One. 2013 Apr;8(4):e60949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060949 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.006...	126	94 (75%)
Lesionectomy alone	Ooi et al., 2011²³23. Ooi WW, Wijemanne S, Thomas CB, Quezado M, Brown CR, Nash TE. Short report: A calcified Taenia solium granuloma associated with recurrent perilesional edema causing refractory seizures: histopathological features. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Sep;85(3):460-3. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0221 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-02...	1	0
Lesionectomy alone	Rathore et al., 2013¹¹11. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Abraham M, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and antiepileptic drug-resistant epilepsy: a surgically remediable syndrome? Epilepsia. 2013 Oct;54(10):1815-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349 https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349...	6^#	4
Anteromesial temporal lobectomy with resection of extratemporal CNL	Rathore et al., 2013¹¹11. Rathore C, Thomas B, Kesavadas C, Abraham M, Radhakrishnan K. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions and antiepileptic drug-resistant epilepsy: a surgically remediable syndrome? Epilepsia. 2013 Oct;54(10):1815-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349 https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12349...	2	2

Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO R. Vergueiro, 1353 sl.1404 - Ed. Top Towers Offices Torre Norte, 04101-000 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 5084-9463 | +55 11 5083-3876 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista.arquivos@abneuro.org

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence: Josemir W. Sander; Box 29, 33 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; E-mail: l.sander@ucl.ac.uk