The authors present a clinicopathological case of acute neuro-optic myelitis. The course of the disease was of 35 days and the spinal symptomatology was established only at the end of 31 days. In the three days before the death, the optic (progressive amaurosis) ami encephalic syndromes have rapidly developed, showing severe medullary signs. The patient died of aspiration bronchopneumonia. The necroscopic examination evidenced cerebrospinal edema and inflamma tory phenomena of non-suppurating type in the optic pahtways, medulla and spinal cord; in the latter, they predominanted in the intumescencia cervicalis, where they actually caused a transverse section. The pathological picture exhibited particular electivity for the white substance of the lateral and posterior funiculi of the spinal cord. The inflammatory reaction was preponderantly constituted by lymphocytoid cells.
