Report of four cases of neurocysticercosis observed in the Southeast of Bahia. This region is situated in the Northeast of Brazil. The report is justified by the low incidence of the disease in this region of the country according to previous studies. Considerations are made on clinical forms observed, diagnosis and regional characteristics of human infestation. Public health rules considering the disease to be adopted in the region are discussed. The importance to consider neurocysticercosis among possible causes of headache and epilepsy in this region is emphasized.