After a review on the present concept of the etiopathogenesis of funicular myelosis (subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord) the author states the conclusion that in the causation of the demyelinating process, besides the lack of vitamin B]2 and gastric achlorhydria, other deficiency or allergic factors take part. Based on the study of 110 cases with constitutional (100 cases) or acquired (10 cases) gastric lesions, the author discusses the problem of the diagnosis. Peripheral, dorsal funicular, "pyramidal", and encephalic syndromes are considered. The importance of the examination of the vibration sense, particularly by quantitative methods, is emphasized; in a great percentage of cases, disturbances of this sensation were also disclosed in the upper limbs. Among the laboratory findings, the value of blood count, bone-marrow smear, gastric acidity analysis, and the study of absorption of radioactive vitamin B12 is stressed. Changes in the electroencephalogram and cerebrospinal fluid are also considered. Therapeutic results in 44 cases are estimated by the semi-quantitative study of the neurological signs. Although vitamin B12 displayed higher degree of improvement, the other drugs (liver extract, folic acid and adreno-corticotropin) have also influenced favorably the neurological manifestations. Owing to the low numerical representation of cases in the groups corresponding to the four schemes of treatment, the author does not state a definite conclusion. But he emphasizes that these results demonstrate the need of further studies on the etiopathogenesis of funicular myelosis, in an attempt to settle the several questions still unsolved.