ABSTRACT
Cancer cases and survival have increased significantly in recent decades. Objective: In this study, we sought to evidence whether bone, joint and cartilage neoplasms are increasing with the aging of the Brazilian population, using the analysis of the DATASUS and IBGE databases, between 1979 and 2020. Methods: We compared the means and the proportion of death in Brazil, to observe the confidence interval overlaps, separated by region. Comparison between genders, age group, death and specific rate were compared via proportion tests and the trend was investigated via time series analysis. Results: Through the analyses, we can see that there is an increasing trend of cases, about 2.5 times in the period. Separated by region, the Southeast stands out, with a number of deaths about 6 times higher than other regions. Conclusion: Metastatic carcinoma is the most common neoplasm treated by orthopedic surgeons, and it is essential to adapt to this future projection, with cases of pathological bone involvement resulting from metastatic carcinomas, increasingly present in the routine of orthopedic surgeons. Level of Evidence IV, Cross-Sectional Observational Study.
Keywords:
Bone Neoplasms; Joint; Cartilage; Aging; Epidemiology; Brazil
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Time series analysis by the Exponential Smoothing and Forecasting method. In blue: the data series. In red: the smoothed series. In green: the residuals (difference between the actual and adjusted series). There is a vertiginous growing linear trend of the increase in the number of deaths due to cancer over the years in Brazil, and from 1982 to 2020, this number increased 2.5 times; the trend for the next 10 years is also increasing (trend line in red).
Time series analysis by the Exponential Smoothing and Forecasting method. In blue: the data series. In red: the smoothed series. In green: the residuals (difference between the actual and adjusted series). There is a vertiginous increasing linear trend of the increase in the proportion due to cancer over the years in Brazil.
There are significant statistical differences (p < 0.0001). By overlapping confidence intervals, we can see that the South and Center-West regions have a higher proportion than the Northeast, North and Southeast (p < 0.001), but do not differ among each other (p = 0.819). The North and Southeast have a higher proportion than the Northeast (p < 0.01).
T-test comparing the percentage distribution of total deaths from cancer of bones, joint and articular cartilage. There are significant statistical differences (p = 0.045), with the most recent period (2016-2020) having a lower percentage.