Technical and economic viability and nutritional quality of mombasa guinea grass silage production

Galindo, Fernando Shintate; Beloni, Tatiane; Buzetti, Salatiér; Teixeira Filho, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto; Dupas, Elisângela; Ludkiewicz, Mariana Gaioto Ziolkowski

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v40i1.36395

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CROP PRODUCTION • Acta Sci., Agron. 40 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v40i1.36395 copy

Technical and economic viability and nutritional quality of mombasa guinea grass silage production

Viabilidade técnica, econômica e qualidade nutricional da produção de silagem de capim-mombaça

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of pasture with high production capacity and the potential for production of silage using different sources and doses of nitrogen (N) by quantifying the productivity of dry matter (DM), some qualitative characteristics, the total cost of production (TC) and total operating cost (TOC) of silage production. The experimental design was randomized block in a factorial scheme with four replications including two sources of nitrogen (urea and ammonium nitrate) and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha^-1 by cutting). The increase in N provided greater DM and crude protein content and reduced the fiber content in neutral detergent. The source of N did not affect the chemical composition, and therefore, it is recommended to use urea due to the ease of acquisition and higher economic return. The production of Mombasa silage can be economically viable due to high DM and crude protein content combined with low production costs. The smallest TC and TOC were obtained in the absence of nitrogen fertilization; however, the proper management of N ensures high productivity in cattle feed with higher total profit when using 100 kg ha^-1 N by cutting with ammonium nitrate.

Keywords:
nitrogen fertilization; chemical analysis; production cost; tropical grass; Panicum maximum

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[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: fs.galindo@yahoo.com.br

	Dry season
Doses of N	NDF	ADF	CP	Accumulated DM
---kg ha^-1---	---------% D.M.---------			---kg ha^-1---
0	68.25^*	35.40^ns	11.53^**	9,358^**
50	67.42	34.83	12.70	10,518
100	67.21	35.12	13.35	11,423
150	65.19	33.29	14.74	11,988
200	67.22	35.55	14.14	11,780
Mean	67.06	34.84	13.29	11,013
C.V. (%)	0.98	2.75	7.19	12.69
Sources of N
Urea	67.48 a	34.67 a	12.91 a	10,938 a
Ammonium nitrate	66.63 b	35.00 a	13.68 a	11,088 a
L.S.D. (5%)	0.66	0.97	0.97	906.5
	Rainy season
	NDF	ADF	CP	Accumulated DM
Doses of N
---kg ha^-1---	---------% D.M.---------			---kg ha^-1---
0	69.73^*	39.46^ns	9.55^**	21,948^**
50	69.42	39.78	10.34	23,985
100	69.62	39.77	10.86	25,775
150	67.49	37.80	12.88	28,368
200	68.34	38.51	13.86	27,295
Mean	68.92	39.06	11.50	25,474
C.V. (%)	1.62	3.64	8.90	10.76
Sources of N
Urea	69.08 a	38.84 a	11.06 a	25,150 a
Ammonium nitrate	68.76 a	39.29 a	11.94 a	25,798 a
L.S.D. (5%)	1.13	1.44	1.04	1,778.2

Sources	Doses of N (kg ha^-1)
Sources	0	300	600	900	1,200
Urea^**	9,820 a	10,540 a	10,745 a	12,025 a	11,560 a
A.N.^**	8,895 a	10,495 a	12,100 a	11,950 a	12,000 a
L.S.D. (5%)	2,027

Sources	Doses of N (kg ha^-1)
Sources	0	300	600	900	1,200
Urea^**	21,835 a	23,585 a	24,215 a	28,075 a	28,040 a
A.N.^**	22,060 a	24,385 a	27,335 a	28,660 a	26,550 a
L.S.D.(5%)	3,976

Description	Specification¹	Times	Coefficient	Unitary Value (R$)	Total Value (R$)
A. Operations
Hoeing	HM*	6.00	1.00	65.00	390.00
Top dressing	HM	6.00	0.30	65.00	117.00
Potassium fertilization	HM	2.00	0.30	65.00	39.00
Transport	HM	6.00	0.80	70.00	336.00
Compaction	HM	6.00	1.00	60.00	360.00
Subtotal A					1,242.00
B. Agricultural input
Potassium Chloride	T	2.00	0.10	1,770.00	354.00
Urea	T	6.00	0.00	1,780.00	0.00
Plastic canvas	m²	1.00	0.50	160.00	80.00
Subtotal B					434.00
Effective operating costs (EOC)					1,676.00
Other expenses					83.80
Interest cost					54.47
Total operating cost (TOC)					1,814.27
Remuneration of fixed capital					90.71
Remuneration of land					850
Total cost (TC)					2,754.98

Period
	Urea		A.N.#
Doses	TOC	TC	TOC	TC
kg ha^-1	-------------------(R$)--------------------
0	1,814.27	2,754.98	1,814.27	2,754.98
300	3,098.84	4,103.78	3,309.94	4,325.44
600	4,383.40	5,452.57	4,805.61	5,895.89
900	5,667.97	6,801.37	6,301.28	7,466.34
1,200	6,952.54	8,150.16	7,796.94	9,036.79
Season
	Urea		A.N.#
Doses	TOC	TC	TOC	TC
kg ha^-1	-------------------(R$)--------------------
0	907.14	1,802.49	907.14	1,802.49
150	1,549.43	2,476.89	1,654.97	2,587.72
300	2,191.70	3,151.29	2,402.80	3,372.94
450	2,833.99	3,825.68	3,150.64	4,158.17
600	3,476.27	4,500.08	3,898.47	4,943.40
Cut
	Urea		A.N.#
Doses	TOC	TC	TOC	TC
kg ha^-1	-------------------(R$)--------------------
0	302.38	1,167.50	302.38	TC	1,167.50
50	516.47	1,392.30	551.66	1,429.24
100	730.57	1,617.10	800.93	1,690.98
150	944.66	1,841.90	1,050.21	1,952.72
200	1,158.76	2,066.69	1,299.49	2,214.47

Total profit
R$ ha^-1
	Doses of N (kg ha^-1) per period
Sources	0	300	600	900	1,200
Urea	18,756.54	19,131.81	18,403.69	20,857.70	19,474.43
A.N.#	18,978.21	19,698.30	21,034.15	20,769.07	17,119.88
	Doses of N (kg ha^-1) per season
Sources	0	150	300	450	600
Ureia	9,378.27	9,565.91	9,201.85	10,428.85	9,737.22
A.N.#	9,489.10	9,849.15	10,517.07	10,384.53	8,559.94
	Doses of N (kg ha^-1) per cut
Sources	0	50	100	150	200
Ureia	3,126.09	3,188.64	3,067.28	3,476.28	3,245.74
A.N.#	3,163.00	3,283.05	3,505.69	3,461.51	2,853.31