Chromium accumulation in maize and cowpea after successive applications of composted tannery sludge

Sousa, Ricardo Silva de; Nunes, Luis Alfredo Pinheiro Leal; Lima, Aurenivia Bonifacio de; Melo, Wanderley Jose de; Antunes, Jadson Emanuel Lopes; Araujo, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira de

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v40i1.35361

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Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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SOILS • Acta Sci., Agron. 40 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v40i1.35361 copy

Chromium accumulation in maize and cowpea after successive applications of composted tannery sludge

Acumulação de cromo em milho e feijão-caupi após aplicações sucessivas de lodo de curtume compostado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

Chromium (Cr) accumulation in soil and plants has been reported after successive applications of tannery sludge, which is a matter of concern because Cr can promote environmental contamination and affect the food chain. In this study, we evaluated the growth of and Cr accumulation in maize and cowpea after seven years of consecutive applications of composted tannery sludge (CTS) under field conditions. The experiment consisted of application of CTS at five levels: 0 (control), 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 Mg ha^-1 (dry basis). The growth of and Cr accumulation in maize and cowpea were evaluated at 75 and 65 days after plant emergence, respectively. CTS application increased the shoot biomass of maize and cowpea. Accumulation of Cr was similar for both plant species, with higher accumulation in roots. However, Cr accumulation in grains differed as the CTS doses increased; cowpea accumulated more Cr while maize did not accumulate more Cr in grains with higher CTS doses. In conclusion, application of CTS led to higher growth of maize and cowpea plants, and both species exhibited similar Cr accumulation in roots and shoots.

Keywords:
waste management; tannery sludge; plant and soil interaction; metals

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[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: asfaruaj@yahoo.com.br

Sampling time	CTS	pH	TOC	EC	P	K	Ca	Mg	Na
Maize (75 days)	Mg ha^-1	CaCl₂	g kg^-1	dS m^-1	mg dm^-3	--------mmol_c dm^-3--------
	0	5.6 d	5.5 b	0.7 b	6.0 c	2.2 a	13.3 b	6.5 a	4.6 a
	2.5	5.8 c	7.0ab	0.7 b	6.8bc	2.2 a	20.0ab	7.8 a	5.0 a
	5	6.0 c	7.3 a	0.7 b	7.3bc	2.2 a	26.0 a	8.0 a	4.9 a
	10	6.6 b	7.7 a	0.7 b	10.3ab	2.2 a	24.3 a	8.5 a	4.9 a
	20	6.9 a	8.5 a	0.9 a	12.5 a	2.2 a	27.3 a	8.8 a	4.9 a
Cowpea (180 days)	0	5.1 d	4.9 b	0.5 a	4.3 c	1.9 a	12.5 c	5.0 b	4.4 a
	2.5	5.4 d	5.7ab	0.5 a	5.0bc	1.8 a	17.0bc	5.8ab	4.9 a
	5	5.8 c	6.8 a	0.5 a	6.0ab	1.9 a	22.8ab	7.0 a	4.9 a
	10	6.2 b	6.6 a	0.6 a	7.8ab	1.9 a	23.5ab	7.5 a	4.6 a
	20	6.6 a	7.1 a	0.6 a	9.5 a	1.8 a	25.8 a	7.0 a	4.9 a

CTS (Mg ha^-1)	Maize
CTS (Mg ha^-1)	Roots			Stems			Leaves			Grains
0	12.26	±	3.64	0.46	±	0.26	1.14	±	0.30	1.08	±	0.23
2.5	2.98	±	0.53	0.07	±	0.03	0.16	±	0.05	0.08	±	0.04
5	2.89	±	0.44	0.05	±	0.03	0.13	±	0.04	0.02	±	0.02
10	1.51	±	0.42	0.03	±	0.00	0.06	±	0.02	< 0.01
20	0.98	±	0.36	0.01	±	0.01	0.07	±	0.02	< 0.01
CTS (Mg ha^-1)	Cowpea
CTS (Mg ha^-1)	Roots			Pods			Leaves			Grains
0	5.53	±	1.59	1.02	±	0.26	2.00	±	0.70	0.12	±	0.03
2.5	1.31	±	0.16	0.17	±	0.03	0.34	±	0.04	0.03	±	0.00
5	0.88	±	0.29	0.09	±	0.05	0.23	±	0.07	0.07	±	0.01
10	0.60	±	0.28	0.07	±	0.05	0.26	±	0.06	0.07	±	0.03
20	0.56	±	0.05	0.03	±	0.00	0.18	±	0.04	0.03	±	0.01