Effects of different sources of selenium supplementation on antioxidant indices, biochemical parameters, thyroid hormones and Se status in transition cows

Khalili, Mohsen; Chamani, Mohammad; Amanlou, Hamid; Nikkhah, Ali; Sadeghi, Ali Asghar

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.44392

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RUMINANT NUTRITION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 41 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.44392 copy

Effects of different sources of selenium supplementation on antioxidant indices, biochemical parameters, thyroid hormones and Se status in transition cows

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of supplementing close-up and fresh dairy cows’ diets with sodium selenite or organic sources of selenium (Se) on the serum biochemical parameters and antioxidant indicators and Se status. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein dairy cows were balanced by body condition score (BCS), previous lactation milk yield and expected calving date and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental treatments. Treatments were: control (basal diet without Se supplementation), sodium selenite supplementation (0.50 mg of Se kg^-1 DM; Se-S), selenium yeast supplementation (0.50 mg of Se kg^-1 DM; Se-Y) and selenomethionine supplementation (0.50 mg of Se kg^-1 DM; Se-M). Serum Se concentrations were higher for cows in Se-Y (72.34 µg dL^-1) and Se-Met (72.34 µg dL^-1) than control (59.93µg/dl) and Se-S (64.79µg/dl). The Se supplementation and sources did not affect serum metabolites or indices of antioxidant pre and postpartum, except serum total protein and albumin concentrations. Cows in Se-M had greater serum total protein and albumin concentrations than those in control. The results of present study showed that serum Se concentrations increased in Se-Y and Se-M more effectively than Se-S, indicating that selenomethionine could replace Se-S as an effective organic Se source for transition dairy cows.

Keywords:
Prepartum; Postpartum; selenomethionine; sodium selenite; selenium yeast

	Basal diets
Ingredient	Close-up	Fresh
Legume forage hay, mature	12.4	17.04
Corn silage, normal	47.5	21.31
Sugar beet pulp	0	9.47
Barley grain, ground, dry	10.08	11.89
Corn grain, ground, dry	11.49	14.5
Soybean meal, solvent	1.94	8.14
Canola meal, mechanical extraction	5.42	0
Extruded full-fat soybean	1.16	2.58
Fish meal	1.55	1.72
Cottonseed, whole with lint	2.39	8.81
Corn gluten meal	1.55	1.58
Mineral premix¹	0.38	0.25
Vitamin premix²	0.38	0.23
Magnesium oxide	0.29	0.23
Calcium carbonate	1.36	0.19
Dicalcium phosphate	0	0.33
potassium carbonate	0	0.19
NaHCO₃	0	0.57
Calcium chloride	0.58	0
Magnesium oxide	0.69	0
Biotin	0.004	0.004
Choline chloride	0.37	0.24
Niacin	0.04	0.05
Avila 4	0.06	0.03
Monensin	0.01	0.01
Live yeast	0.004	0.003
Bentonite	0.352	0.393
Salt	0	0.24
Chemical composition
Dry Matter (%)	41	59
NE_L (Mcal kg^-1 DM) ³	1.6	1.7
Protein (%)	13.7	16.1
NDF (%)⁴	34.6	32.2
Ca (%)	1.31	0.94
P (%)	0.39	0.43
DCAD (meq kg^-1) ⁵	-57	288
Se (ppm)⁶	0.1	0.15

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[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: m.chamani@srbiau.ac.ir

Items	Experimental treatments¹				SEM	P- values
Items	CO	Se-S	Se-Y	Se-M	SEM	Treat	Time	Time×Treat
Glucose (mg dL^-1)	62.32	57.94	62.89	63.09	3.05	0.35	0.01	0.20
BUN (mg dL^-1)²	10.28	10.88	11.2	10.87	1.22	0.89	0.44	0.96
Total protein (g dL^-1)	7.25	7.4	7.35	7.17	0.16	0.53	0.17	0.86
Albumin (g dL^-1)	3.15	3.2	3.18	3.23	0.069	0.75	0.94	0.59
Globulin (g dL^-1)	4.1	4.22	4.18	4.09	0.16	0.82	0.01	0.99
Triglyceride (mg dL^-1)	28.79	29.97	31.02	27.95	2.22	0.54	0.03	0.18
Cholesterol (mg dL^-1)	96.19	94.45	96.23	94.86	5.1	0.98	0.42	0.34
T₃ (µg dL^-1)³	113.05	120.14	109.76	106.14	7.8	0.29	0.02	0.38
T₄ (µg dL^-1)⁴	4.42	4.72	4.92	4.14	0.39	0.22	0.14	0.37
TAC (mmol dL^-1)⁵	0.118	0.116	0.116	0.119	0.004	0.91	0.24	0.47
GPX (U mL^-1)⁶	128.83	141.18	172.3	165.1	19.23	0.16	0.38	0.12
Se (µg dL^-1)	62.40	64.17	66.48	68.41	2.13	0.18	0.53	0.07

	Experimental Treatments¹					P-Value
Variables	CO	Se-S	Se-Y	Se-M	SEM	Treat	Time	Time ×Treat
Glucose (mg dL^-1)	59.7	68	60.16	67.37	4.43	0.16	0.11	0.72
BUN (mg dL^-1)	10.06	11.86	12.27	12.79	1.56	0.35	0.11	0.9
Total protein (g dL^-1)	6.33^b	7.18^ab	6.92^ab	7.36^a	0.35	0.03	0.48	0.28
Albumin (g dL^-1)	2.87^b	3.07^ab	3.25^ab	3.35^a	0.16	0.05	0.63	0.28
Globulin (g dL^-1)	3.73	4.01	3.65	4.18	0.32	0.32	0.24	0.26
Triglyceride (mg dL^-1)	30.36	22.96	24.93	19.98	5.8	0.36	0.9	0.3
Cholesterol (mg dL^-1)	82.66	88.25	101.58	94.25	12.73	0.5	0.12	0.43
T₃ (µg dL^-1)	108.32	97.65	125.51	92.09	13.58	0.13	0.12	0.42
T₄ (µg dL^-1)	3.16	2.51	3.4	3.19	0.68	0.59	0.3	0.39
TAC (mmol dL^-1)	0.114	0.111	0.115	0.122	0.011	0.76	0.09	0.75
GPX (U mL^-1)	166.83	174.64	188.65	251.62	32.3	0.30	0.13	0.24
Se (µg dL^-1)	59.93^b	64.79^ab	68.16^a	72.34^a	2.17	0.01	0.31	0.23