Nutritional composition of pre-dried silage of different winter cereals

Horst, Egon Henrique; Neumann, Mikael; Mareze, Juliana; Leão, Guilherme Fernando Mattos; Bumbieris Júnior, Valter Harry; Mendes, Marcelo Cruz

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.42500

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Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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PASTURE AND FORAGE UTILIZATION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 40 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.42500 copy

Nutritional composition of pre-dried silage of different winter cereals

Composição nutricional da silagem pré-secada de diferentes cereais de inverno

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

This study aimed to assess the chemical composition of the forage and pre-dried silage from twelve winter cereals harvested at pre-flowering. We used black oat (Avena strigosa) cv. EMB 139 and cv. IAPAR 61; white oat (Avena sativa) cv. IPR and 126 hp. URS Taura; barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. BRS Brau and cv. BRS Cauê; wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. BRS Umbu and cv. BRS Tarumã; rye (Secale cereale) cv. Temprano and cv. BRS Serrano; and triticale (X. Triticosecale) cv. IPR and 111 hp. BRS Saturno. Plants were harvested at pre-flowering, when they were pre-dried and ensiled. The analysis of variance evidenced nutritional differences between species and cultivars. Triticale cv. IPR 111 showed notorious chemical characteristics in relation to the other treatments, highest protein content (113.7 g kg^-1) and lower content of NDF and ADF (657.9 and 380.9 g kg^-1, respectively). Among the pre-dried silages, barley cv. BRS Cauê had the highest level of NDT (614.7 g kg^-1). Triticale cv. IPR 111 was shown as a high-quality nutritional food as forage and kept these characteristics after conservation. On the other hand, the pre-dried silage of barley cv. BRS Cauê showed the highest potential for nutrient degradability.

Keywords:
bromatological composition; crude protein; vegetative stage; wilted silage

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[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: egonhh@yahoo.com.br

Species - Grow Crops	DM	CP	MM	OM	NDF	ADF	HEM
Species - Grow Crops	g kg^-1 DM				NDF	ADF	HEM
Black Oat - EMB 139	211.9 ^cdef	92.8 ^ab	58.7 ^a	941.3 ^d	740.9 ^a	468.2 ^a	272.7 ^bc
Black Oat - IAPAR 61	234.6 ^bcd	80.6 ^b	57.3 ^ab	942.7 ^cd	720.9 ^ab	459.0 ^ab	261.9 ^c
White Oat - IPR 126	243.4 ^bcde	88.5 ^ab	55.7 ^abc	944.3 ^bcd	709.7 ^abc	448.9 ^abc	260.8 ^c
White Oat - URS Taura	185.1 ^f	99.6 ^ab	56.2 ^abc	943.8 ^bcd	668.5 ^cd	386.9 ^e	281.6 ^bc
Barley - BRS Brau	247.8 ^bc	88.7 ^ab	46.6 ^bcd	953.4 ^abc	705.6 ^abc	392.0 ^de	313.6 ^a
Barley - BRS Cauê	252.8 ^b	86.5 ^ab	50.5 ^abcd	949.5 ^abcd	686.5 ^bcd	388.0 ^e	298.5 ^ab
Wheat - BRS Umbu	267.8 ^ab	94.6 ^ab	43.1 ^d	956.9 ^a	700.6 ^abc	414.2 ^cde	286.4 ^bc
Wheat - BRS Tarumã	252.1 ^b	93.6 ^ab	45.0 ^cd	955.0 ^ab	702.2 ^abc	400.4 ^de	301.8 ^ab
Rye - Temprano	323.8 ^a	84.8 ^b	47.2 ^abcd	952.8 ^abcd	695.7 ^bcd	439.0 ^abc	256.7 ^d
Rye - BRS Serrano	207.8 ^def	102.7 ^ab	54.4 ^abcd	945.6 ^abcd	703.1 ^abc	429.6 ^bcd	273.5 ^bc
Triticale - IPR 111	194.3 ^ef	113.7 ^a	52.2 ^abcd	947.8 ^abcd	657.9 ^d	380.9 ^e	277.0 ^bc
Triticale - BRS Saturno	186.8 ^f	102.7 ^ab	56.1 ^abc	943.9 ^bcd	742.2 ^a	443.5 ^abc	298.7 ^ab
Average	234.0	93.8	51.9	948.1	702.7	420.8	281.9
P > F	0.0001	0.0359	0.0003	0.0001	0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
CV, %	6.90	12.36	9.09	8.89	2.38	3.62	5.21
SEM	4.6985	1.3469	0.2227	0.2011	2.8143	2.3250	2.0615

Species - Grow Crops	TDN	DMILW	RVF	NEl
Species - Grow Crops	g kg^-1	%	Index	Mcal kg DM^-1
Black Oat - EMB 139	55.07 ^e	1.62 ^d	69.18 ^g	0.551 ^e
Black Oat - IAPAR 61	55.71 ^de	1.67 ^cd	71.98 ^efg	0.605 ^de
White Oat - IPR 126	56.42 ^cde	1.69 ^bcd	74.08 ^defg	0.664 ^cde
White Oat - URS Taura	60.76 ^a	1.80 ^ab	84.58 ^ab	1.029 ^a
Barley - BRS Brau	60.40 ^ab	1.70 ^bcd	79.68 ^abcd	0.998 ^ab
Barley - BRS Cauê	60.68 ^a	1.75 ^abc	82.38 ^abc	1.022 ^a
Wheat - BRS Umbu	58.85 ^abc	1.71 ^bcd	78.23 ^bcdef	0.869 ^abc
Wheat - BRS Tarumã	59.81 ^ab	1.71 ^bcd	79.23 ^abcde	0.949 ^ab
Rye - Temprano	57.11 ^cde	1.73 ^abc	76.38 ^cdefg	0.722 ^cde
Rye - BRS Serrano	57.77 ^bcd	1.71 ^bcd	76.48 ^cdefg	0.778 ^bcd
Triticale - IPR 111	61.18 ^a	1.82 ^a	86.53 ^a	1.063 ^a
Triticale - BRS Saturno	56.80 ^cde	1.62 ^d	71.20 ^fg	0.696 ^cde
Average	58.37	1.70	77.48	0.82
P > F	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
CV, %	1.83	2.42	3.99	10.83
SEM	1.1421	0.1700	9.6080	0.8090

Species - Grow Crops	DM	CP	MM	OM	NDF	ADF	HEM
Species - Grow Crops	g kg^-1 DM				NDF	ADF	HEM
Black Oat - EMB 139	512.0 ^e	91.8 ^ab	53.6 ^bcd	946.4 ^abc	716.9 ^ab	479.9 ^a	237.0 ^d
Black Oat - IAPAR 61	625.2 ^de	74.1 ^b	48.9 ^bcd	951.1 ^abc	712.6 ^ab	461.3 ^abc	251.3 ^c
White Oat - IPR 126	613.4 ^de	82.9 ^ab	49.1 ^bcd	950.9 ^abc	720.3 ^ab	472.2 ^ab	248.1 ^c
White Oat - URS Taura	538.1 ^e	101.0 ^a	54.1 ^abcd	945.9 ^abcd	696.2 ^bc	420.5 ^cd	275.7 ^b
Barley - BRS Brau	725.1 ^bc	82.6 ^ab	42.1 ^d	957.9 ^a	715.0 ^ab	395.6 ^ed	319.4 ^a
Barley - BRS Cauê	630.0 ^de	85.4 ^ab	47.8 ^bcd	952.2 ^abc	658.5 ^c	376.7 ^e	281.8 ^b
Wheat - BRS Umbu	715.8 ^bcd	92.8 ^ab	43.0 ^cd	957.0 ^ab	719.8 ^ab	423.2 ^cd	296.6 ^ab
Wheat - BRS Tarumã	700.2 ^cd	93.0 ^ab	46.1 ^bcd	953.9 ^abc	740.1 ^ab	434.9 ^bcd	305.2 ^ab
Rye - Temprano	729.3 ^bc	90.9 ^ab	51.9 ^bcd	948.1 ^abc	739.3 ^ab	459.5 ^abc	279.8 ^b
Rye - BRS Serrano	530.3 ^e	91.4 ^ab	54.6 ^abc	945.4 ^bcd	719.9 ^ab	469.8 ^ab	250.1 ^c
Triticale - IPR 111	605.7 ^de	105.5 ^a	66.4 ^a	933.6 ^d	660.8 ^c	399.1 ^ed	261.7 ^bc
Triticale - BRS Saturno	765.0 ^a	96.9 ^ab	55.7 ^ab	944.3 ^cd	757.6 ^a	458.7 ^abc	298.9 ^ab
Average	641.4	90.6	51.1	948.9	713.0	437.5	275.5
P > F	<0.0001	0.0330	<0.0001	<0,0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
CV, %	7.07	11.34	9.67	8.12	2.88	3.87	3.42
SEM	4.9544	1.0584	0.2446	0.2289	4.2250	2.8757	0.9345

Species - Grow Crops	TDN	DMILW	RVF	NEl
Species - Grow Crops	g kg^-1	%	Index	Mcal kg MS^-1
Black Oat - EMB 139	542.5 ^e	1.68 ^bc	70.43 ^cd	0.782 ^e
Black Oat - IAPAR 61	555.5 ^cde	1.68 ^bc	72.55 ^cd	0.591 ^cde
White Oat - IPR 126	547.9 ^de	1.67 ^bc	70.78 ^cd	0.527 ^de
White Oat - URS Taura	584.1 ^bc	1.73 ^ab	78.10 ^bc	0.832 ^bc
Barley - BRS Brau	601.5 ^ab	1.68 ^bc	78.45 ^abc	0.978 ^ab
Barley - BRS Cauê	614.7 ^a	1.83 ^a	86.98 ^a	1.089 ^a
Wheat - BRS Umbu	582.2 ^bc	1.67 ^bc	75.25 ^cd	0.815 ^bc
Wheat - BRS Tarumã	574.0 ^bcd	1.62 ^bc	72.15 ^cd	0.746 ^bcd
Rye - Temprano	556.8 ^cde	1.63 ^bc	70.23 ^cd	0.602 ^cde
Rye - BRS Serrano	549.6 ^de	1.67 ^bc	71.03 ^cd	0.542 ^de
Triticale - IPR 111	599.1 ^ab	1.82 ^a	84.40 ^ab	0.957 ^ab
Triticale - BRS Saturno	557.3 ^bcd	1.58 ^c	68.63 ^d	0.606 ^cde
Average	572.0	1.68	74.91	0.73
P > F	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
CV, %	2.07	2.91	4.71	13.66
SEM	1.4104	0.2442	12.4623	0.9930