Groundwater in water scarcity context in the São Francisco River Basin (MG)

Carvalho, Jeane Dantas de; Melo, Marília Carvalho de; Galvão, Paulo Galvão Paulo; Miranda, Wezer Lismar; Lasmar, Breno Esteves

doi:10.1590/1809-4422asoc0177r5vu27L2OA

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Original Article • Ambient. soc. 27 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc0177r5vu27L2OA copy

Groundwater in water scarcity context in the São Francisco River Basin (MG)

Agua Subterránea en el contexto de escasez hídrica en la cuenca del Río São Francisco (MG)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In the last decade, water scarcity in Minas Gerais affected surface water availability, leading users to privilege the use of groundwater as an alternative source. The São Francisco River basin is one of the most important watersheds of the state, both for its spatial occurrence and for the preponderance of groundwater use. Due to water scarcity resulting from extreme drought events between 2009 and 2018, there was an increasing requirement trend for the licensing of groundwater abstractions. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the correlation between the increase in these requirements and periods of negative rainfall anomalies in relation to critical situations of water scarcity, defined by the State’s Normative Deliberation CERH/MG 49/2015. A direct relationship between negative rainfall anomalies and water scarcity and the increased need for groundwater use was observed, especially in the years between 2014 and 2018.

Keywords:
Water scarcity; drought; groundwater; water management; hydrology

WRMPU/ YEAR	SF1			SF2			SF3			SF4			SF5
	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)
	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)
2009	-10%	1	66%	-10%	1	71%	-10%	1	68%	-10%	1	57%	-30%	1	80%
2010	-30%	1	70%	-40%	1	74%	-30%	1	69%	-40%	1	62%	-20%	1	74%
2011	-10%	1	70%	-10%	1	71%	-10%	1	67%	10%	1	74%	-10%	1	80%
2012	-20%	1	64%	-20%	1	71%	-10%	1	71%	-10%	1	85%	-10%	1	78%
2013	-40%	1	55%	-40%	1	59%	-40%	1	70%	-30%	1	64%	-50%	1	81%
2014	-40%	50	72%	-50%	195	75%	-50%	150	76%	-50%	50	67%	-40%	100	84%
2015	-30%	50	78%	-30%	150	83%	-40%	100	80%	-30%	50	66%	-40%	50	87%
2016	-30%	50	71%	-30%	150	79%	-30%	150	78%	-30%	50	78%	-60%	100	81%
2017	-50%	50	77%	-40%	195	77%	-30%	150	76%	-40%	50	68%	-40%	100	86%
2018	-30%	100	91%	-10%	150	81%	-20%	150	78%	-30%	100	90%	-20%	50	87%
WRMPU / YEAR	SF6			SF7			SF8			SF9			SF10
	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Precipitation anomaly	Scarcity situation	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)
	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)	Min	Max	Application for use of groundwater (% of the total)
2009	-30%	1	89%	-30%	1	54%	-20%	1	44%	-20%	1	90%	-20%	1	94%
2010	-10%	1	85%	-20%	1	47%	-20%	1	31%	-20%	1	91%	-20%	1	95%
2011	-10%	1	83%	-10%	1	52%	-10%	1	33%	10%	1	97%	-60%	1	91%
2012	-20%	1	83%	-10%	1	34%	-30%	1	51%	-20%	1	100%	-50%	1	95%
2013	-30%	1	73%	-30%	1	49%	-20%	1	45%	-20%	1	92%	-50%	1	94%
2014	-30%	150	87%	-40%	1	43%	-30%	50	38%	-30%	150	92%	-30%	50	92%
2015	-50%	100	88%	-30%	1	46%	-40%	50	30%	-30%	50	82%	-60%	50	95%
2016	-60%	150	92%	-10%	50	59%	-30%	100	38%	-20%	195	80%	-50%	50	96%
2017	-40%	195	91%	-70%	150	64%	-30%	100	25%	-30%	195	86%	-60%	150	99%
2018	-20%	150	91%	-40%	50	65%	-30%	50	53%	-20%	195	100%	-50%	50	99%

ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade Anppas / Revista Ambiente e Sociedade - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
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[1] Jeane Dantas de Carvalho ✉ jeane.carvalho@meioambiente.mg.gov.br