Study of PCRA-Based Seasonal Incidence of <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Asia II 5) and its Management Along with its Effect on Natural Enemies in Potato Crop

Kunwar, Roopam; Patel, Chenesh; Srivastava, Ravi Mohan; Rana, Anil

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2024220701

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Article - Agriculture, Agribusiness and Biotechnology • Braz. arch. biol. technol. 67 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220701 copy

Study of PCRA-Based Seasonal Incidence of Bemisia tabaci (Asia II 5) and its Management Along with its Effect on Natural Enemies in Potato Crop

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This research aimed to predict the seasonal incidence of whitefly, B. tabaci (Asia II 5) with its management by new plant systemic insecticides and their influence on natural enemies on potato crop. Results concluded that the whitefly population was slightly higher in 2020-21 than in 2019-20 and temperature (minimum and maximum), relative humidity (minimum), evaporation, and sunshine hours were key factors in determining the B. tabaci population buildup with reasonable accuracy (R²=0.82). Sequential spray of Diafenthiuron and Thiamethoxam (1.61 adults/3 compound leaves) was noticed to be the most effective treatment with the highest cost-benefit ratio (1:2.55), whereas two sequential sprays of Pymetrozine (3.17 adults/3 compound leaves) was found to be the least effective with the lowest cost-benefit ratio (1:1.61). All of the insecticides sequential spray examined were found to be either harmless or slightly detrimental to natural enemies (spiders and coccinellids). The current study concluded that B. tabaci population growth and seasonal incidence were greatly inﬂuenced by weather factors and this information validates the monitoring for early decision-making prior to developing insect pest management strategies against B. tabaci. Sequential spray of Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam were shown reliable both from bio-efficacy and economic point of view in managing B. tabaci infestations in potato crop and can be incorporated into the IPM module.

Keywords:
Bemisia tabaci; management; potato; seasonal incidence; whitefly

HIGHLIGHTS

Detailed description of seasonal incidence of Bemisia tabaci (Asia II 5) on potato crop.

PCRA based study of effect of weather parameters on the population dynamics of the B. tabaci (Asia II 5).

First kind of investigation of effect of sequential sprays of systemic insecticides against genetic group of Asia II 5, Bemisia tabaci and natural enemies on potato crop.

Variables	PWf	T(max.)	T(min.)	RH(max.)	RH(min.)	Rf	SS	WV
T(max.)	0.82^**
T(min.)	0.63^*	0.83^**
RH(max.)	NS	-0.67^*	-0.83^**
RH(min.)	-0.79^**	-0.94^**	-0.63^*	NS
Rf	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
SS	0.76^**	0.93^**	0.60^*	NS	-0.95^**	NS
WV	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	-0.59^*
Evap	-0.65^*	0.83^**	0.81^**	-0.70^*	-0.69^*	NS	0.74^**	NS

PCs	Variables	Per cent Eigen value	Variance	Cumulative % of Variance
1.	Tmax., Tmin., SS, Evap.	5.00	62.52	62.52
2.	RHmax., RHmin., Rf. and WV	1.56	19.51	82.03

SI No.	Treatments	Population of adult whitefly/ 3 compound leaves
		Pre count	Days after first spray					Days after second spray					Over all mean	Overall % reduction	Cost benefit ratio
		Pre count	1^st	3^rd	5^th	7^th	14^th	1^st	3^rd	5^th	7^th	14^th
1.	Two sprays of Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06% at 14 days interval	7.25 (2.78)	3.05 (1.89)	3.44 (1.99)	3.97 (2.11)	4.25 (2.18)	4.92 (2.33)	1.72 (1.49)	2.33 (1.68)	2.42 (1.71)	2.61 (1.76)	3.01 (1.87)	3.17^b (1.91)	54.58^a (47.63)	1:1.61
2.	First spray: Foliar spray of Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	7.79 (2.88)	3.17 (1.92)	3.26 (1.93)	4.05 (2.13)	4.38 (2.21)	5.29 (2.41)	1.66 (1.47)	2.04 (1.59)	2.32 (1.68)	2.59 (1.76)	2.82 (1.82)	3.15^b (1.91)	57.67^a (49.41)	1:1.75
3.	First spray: Foliar spray of Diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.10% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	7.25 (2.78)	1.53 (1.42)	1.89 (1.55)	2.05 (1.60)	2.64 (1.77)	3.14 (1.91)	0.61 (1.05)	0.86 (1.17)	1.01 (1.23)	1.04 (1.24)	1.33 (1.35)	1.61^a (1.45)	72.93^b (58.65)	1:2.55
4.	First spray: Foliar spray of Diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.10% followed by Second spray: Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06%	8.62 (3.02)	2.05 (1.60)	2.30 (1.67)	2.54 (1.74)	3.27 (1.94)	3.88 (2.09)	0.99 (1.22)	1.19 (1.30)	1.35 (1.36)	1.55 (1.43)	2.03 (1.59)	2.12^a (1.61)	69.72^b (56.61)	1:1.89
5.	First spray: Foliar spray of Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.04% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	7.29 (2.79)	2.25 (1.66)	2.71 (1.79)	2.98 (1.87)	3.54 (2.01)	4.01 (2.12)	0.87 (1.17)	1.11 (1.27)	1.24 (1.32)	1.46 (1.40)	1.82 (1.52)	2.20^a (1.64)	67.19^b (55.05)	1:2.05
6.	Control	7.17 (2.77)	7.89 (2.90)	7.98 (2.91)	7.73 (2.87)	8.14 (2.94)	8.66 (3.03)	8.93 (3.07)	9.97 (3.24)	10.30 (3.29)	10.48 (3.31)	9.94 (3.23)	9.00^c (3.08)	-	-
S.E.(m)±		0.096	0.028	0.035	0.047	0.031	0.045	0.022	0.034	0.031	0.036	0.029	-		-
C.D. (at 5%)		NS	0.086	0.107	0.142	0.930	0.138	0.067	0.104	0.095	0.110	0.089	-		-

SI No.	Treatments	Pre count	Mean numbers of spiders/ plant			Per cent reduction over control	Pre count	Mean numbers of cocinellids/ plant			Percent reduction over control
SI No.	Treatments	Pre count	after 1^st spray	after 2^nd spray	Overall			after 1^st spray	after 2^nd spray	Overall
1.	Two sprays of Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06% at 14 days interval	1.85 (1.53)	1.60 (1.45)	1.83 (1.52)	1.71b (1.49)	21.19 (N)	2.40 (1.70)	1.78 (1.51)	1.40 (1.38)	1.59^b (1.45)	30.26 (N)
2.	First spray: Foliar spray of Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	1.65 (1.47)	1.53 (1.43)	1.73 (1.49)	1.63ab (1.46)	24.88 (N)	2.70 (1.79)	1.68 (1.47)	1.32 (1.35)	1.50^b (1.41)	34.21 (N)
3.	First spray: Foliar spray of Diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.10% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	1.70 (1.48)	1.42 (1.38)	1.51 (1.42)	1.46a (1.40)	32.71 (N)	2.60 (1.76)	1.35 (1.36)	1.01 (1.23)	1.18^a (1.29)	48.24 (N)
4.	First spray: Foliar spray of Diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.10% followed by Second spray: Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 0.06%	2.00 (1.58)	1.50 (1.41)	1.63 (1.46)	1.56ab (1.44)	28.11 (N)	2.65 (1.77)	1.53 (1.42)	1.20 (1.30)	1.36^ab (1.37)	40.35 (N)
5.	First spray: Foliar spray of Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.04% followed by Second spray: Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.05%	1.70 (1.48)	1.53 (1.42)	1.68 (1.47)	1.60ab (1.45)	26.26 (N)	2.45 (1.72)	1.63 (1.46)	1.28 (1.33)	1.45^ab (1.40)	36.40 (N)
6.	Control	1.80 (1.52)	1.98 (1.57)	2.36 (1.69)	2.17c (1.63)	-	2.35 (1.69)	2.48 (1.72)	2.08 (1.60)	2.28^c (1.67)	-
	S.E.(m)±	0.119	0.015	0.017	-	-	0.772	0.030	0.041	-	-
	C.D. (at 5%)	NS	0.043	0.051	-	-	NS	0.087	0.119	-	-

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