Raw Material |
Carbohydrate Content (% dry biomass) |
Yield (L bioethanol /ton biomass) |
Land Use (m2 year /L bioethanol) |
Productivity (L bioethanol /ha.year) |
Corn |
- |
460 |
2.5 |
3,450-4,600 [99 BNDS. Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Bioetanol de cana-de-açúcar: Energia para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Rio de Janeiro: BNDS, 2008.] |
Beet |
- |
100 |
1.3 |
5,000-10,000 [99 BNDS. Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Bioetanol de cana-de-açúcar: Energia para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Rio de Janeiro: BNDS, 2008.] |
Sugarcane |
- |
90 |
1.2 |
5,400-10,800 [99 BNDS. Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Bioetanol de cana-de-açúcar: Energia para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Rio de Janeiro: BNDS, 2008.] |
Lignocellulosic Biomass (Sugarcane staw) |
50-70 |
~240 |
1.0 |
~10,000 [4242 Santos, F.A.; Queiroz, J.H.; Colodette, J.L.; Fernandes, A.S.; Guimaraes, V.M.; Rezende, S.T. Potencial da palha de cana-de-açúcar para produçao de etanol. Quim. Nova 2012, 35(5), 1004-1010.,4343 Santos, F.A.; Queiròz, J.H.; Colodette, J.L.; Manfredi, M.; Queiroz, E.L.R.; Caldas, C.S.; Soares, F.E.F. Otimização do pré-tratamento hidrotérmico da palha de cana-de-açúcar visando à produção de etanol celulósico. Quim. Nova 2014, 37(1), 56-62.] |
Microalgae (LCC) |
20 |
129 |
1.40-0.47 |
7,093-21,279 [4444 Acién, F.G.; Fernandéz, J.M.; Magàn, J.J.; Molina, E. Production cost of a real microalgae production plant and strategies to reduce it. Biotechnol. Adv. 2012, 30, 1344-1353.] |
Microalgae (MCC) |
35 |
227 |
0.80-0.27 |
12,413-37,286 [4444 Acién, F.G.; Fernandéz, J.M.; Magàn, J.J.; Molina, E. Production cost of a real microalgae production plant and strategies to reduce it. Biotechnol. Adv. 2012, 30, 1344-1353.] |
Microalgae (HCC) |
50 |
324 |
0.56-0.19 |
17,733-53,199 [4444 Acién, F.G.; Fernandéz, J.M.; Magàn, J.J.; Molina, E. Production cost of a real microalgae production plant and strategies to reduce it. Biotechnol. Adv. 2012, 30, 1344-1353.] |
Microalgae Experimental |
45-60 |
- |
- |
11,000-31,000 [4545 Silva, C.E.F.; Sforza, E. Carbohydrate productivity in continuous reactor under nitrogen limitation: Effect of light and residence time on nutrient uptake in Chlorella vulgaris. Process Biochem. 2016, 51, 2112-2118.,4646 Silva, C.E.F.; Sforza, E.; Bertucco, A. Stability of carbohydrate production in continuous microalgal cultivation under nitrogen limitation. Effect of irradiation regime and intensity on Tetradesmus obliquus. J. Appl. Phycol. 2018, 30, 261-270.,4747 Silva, C.E.F.; Sforza, E.; Bertucco, A. Continuous cultivation of microalgae as an efficient method to improve carbohydrate productivity and biochemical stability. Proceedings of the 25th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Stockholm, Sweden, 12-15 June 2017.] |
Maximum Expectative for Microalgae |
- |
- |
- |
46,760-140,290 [4848 Cheryl. Algae becoming the new biofuel of choice. 2008. Accessed: 25 Feb 2016. Available online: http://duelingfuels.com/biofuels/non-food-biofuels/algae-biofuel.php
http://duelingfuels.com/biofuels/non-foo...
] |