Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide on Composition, Thermostability, Porosity and Swelling of Collagen Matrices of Demineralized Porcine Cortical Bone

Abstract

Porcine source attracts the biotechnological development of natural xenogeneic materials, due to the availability of collagen in soft tissues, but the use of the demineralized organic matrix of cortical bone remains little explored. This study developed a demineralized porcine cortical bone matrix and analyzed the interference of peroxidation on the composition, thermostability, porosity and swelling of the material. Fresh ribs were processed with 3%-30% hydrogen peroxide under single treatment (G1-G4) or double treatment (G5-G8), using native bone (NB) as a control. Physicochemical characterization, porosity histomorphometry and swelling evaluation were performed. There were infrared bands indicative of the prevalence of collagen and residual phosphate groups even after demineralization, mass loss events by thermogravimetry ranging from 94 to 590 °C, being more accelerated in G7 and G8, with all groups below the thermal stability of the NB, as well as similar endothermic events between treatments in differential calorimetry. Changes in lamellar bone morphology occurred in all tested groups, being more conservative in G1 and G2 and more aggressive in G7 and G8. The single treatment dilated pores and kept the matrix closer to the original, while the double treatment significantly enlarged and fused the bone canals mimicking a mesh. The permeable areas in the bone matrix were larger and the hydrophilicity was greater and more persistent for G5-G8 compared to G1-G4 and NB. Single exposure and at lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide suggest a better modulation of the tested determinants, for the generation of collagen biomaterial applied to bone regeneration.

Keywords:
Cortical Bone; Bone Matrix; Hydrogen Peroxid; Biocompatible Materials; Guided Tissue Regeneration

HIGHLIGHTS

Demineralized porcine bone is an alternative for generating scaffolds for tissue regeneration.

Increasing H₂O₂ concentration directly modulated physicochemical changes in cortical bone.

The single treatment with H₂O₂ was more structurally conservative than the double treatment.

Future biocompatibility, reabsorption and osteopromotion in vivo studies should be carried out.