Biodegradable Films with the Addition of Nanofibers: a Review Focusing on Raw Materials and Analysis

HIGHLIGHTS

• Starch is promising biopolymer to be used as a biodegradable natural source.

• The combination of starch with nanocellulose can provide new applications.

• Glycerol is an additive widely used in the production of biodegradable packaging.

• Biodegradable films are effective to extend the shelf life of fresh vegetables.

Abstract

Starch is an important energy reserve polysaccharide for vegetables, found in large quantities in nature. From a renewable and low-cost source, it is considered an excellent raw material for the production of biopolymers. Biodegradable films can be obtained from different starch sources and can be an alternative to the damages caused by petroleum products, since they have the properties of conventional plastics and are easily degraded in the environment. However, starch-based films have limitations such as poor mechanical properties. To overcome this weakness, the addition of secondary additives is used to improve its resistance. This review highlights how different materials used in the production of biodegradable polymers, the importance of incorporating reinforcement content in the polymer matrix and as the main characterization techniques of bio composites.

Keywords:
starch; reinforcement; film properties; casting.