Information governance (IG) Description: Process that aims to ensure the accuracy, integrity, accessibility, and security of information and focuses on the entire management of the total information lifecycle (Earley, 2016Earley, S. (2016). Metrics-driven information governance. IT Professional, 18(2), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2016.26 https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2016.26...
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Accountability |
Accountability is the connection of two components: the ability to know what an actor is doing and the ability to make that actor do something else. |
(Schedler, 1999Schedler, A. (1999). Conceptualizing Accountability. In A. Schedler, L. Diamond, & M. Plattner (Eds.), The self-restraining state: Power and accountability in new democracies (pp. 13-28). Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers Retrieved from https://works.bepress.com/andreas_schedler/22/ https://works.bepress.com/andreas_schedl...
; Hale, 2008Hale, T. N. (2008). Transparency, accountability, and global governance. Global Governance, 14(8), 73-94. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/27800692 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27800692...
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Accessibility |
Accessibility means that information is able to be found and presented to the person who needs it, when needed, as well as in the appropriate form. |
(Martin et al., 2010Martin, A., Dmitriev, D., & Akeroyd, J. (2010). A resurgence of interest in Information Architecture. International Journal of Information Management, 30(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2009.11.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2009...
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Sharing |
Sharing is the free exchange of non-confidential and sensitive information. It occurs between individuals in teams, across functional and organizational boundaries. |
(Marchand et al., 2000Marchand, D. A., Kettinger, W. J., & Rollins, J. D. (2000). Information orientation: People, technology and the Bottom Line. Sloan Management Review 42(3), 69-80) |
Compliance (compliance; privacy; retention; ethics) |
Compliance is the duty to comply with and enforce internal and external regulations imposed on the institution’s activities. |
(Associação Brasileira de Bancos Internacionais, 2009) |
Communication (communication; transparency) |
It refers to transferability (signals) and the transfer mechanisms between individuals, across space and over time. |
(Grant, 1996Grant, R. M. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171110 https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171110...
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Monitoring |
Monitoring is done to increase the amount of information available to shareholders and can alleviate agency problems when insider ownership is low. |
(Anderson et al., 2007Anderson, D. W., Melanson, S. J., & Maly, J. (2007). The Evolution of Corporate Governance: power redistribution brings boards to life. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15(5), 780-797. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00608.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007...
; Becher & Frye, 2011Becher, D. A., & Frye, M. B. (2011). Does regulation substitute or complement governance? Journal of Banking & Finance, 35(3), 736-751. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1108309 http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1108309...
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Standardization |
Metadata or data about data is information DNA. Consistency here will pay dividends and make compliance and auditing more efficient and less ‘painful.’ By standardizing foundational components, you become more agile. |
(Samuelson, 2010Samuelson, K. (2010). Information governance isn’t so bad after all. Retrieved from http://www.cioupdate.com/insights/article.php/11049_3889396_2/Information- Governance-isnt-so-Bad-After-All.htm http://www.cioupdate.com/insights/articl...
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Transaction cost (TC) Description: Those costs that we have to negotiate, write and guarantee the fulfillment of a contract (Fiani, 2013Fiani, R. (2013). Teoria dos custos de transação. In D. Kupfer & L. Hasenclever (Eds.), Economia industrial: Fundamentos teóricos e práticas no Brasil (2nd ed., pp. 171-181). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Campus.) |
Ex ante cost |
Contract drafting cost, contract negotiation costs, and safeguard costs. |
(Williamson, 1985Williamson, O. E. (1985). The economic institutions of capitalism: Firms, markets, relational contracting. In C. Boersch, R. Elschen (Eds), Das Summa Summarum des Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9320-5_6 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9320-...
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Ex post cost |
Default costs, renegotiation costs; operating costs and costs linked to credible commitments. |