Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic sealers and cervical limit: 1-year in vitro evaluation

Lena, Isabella Marian; Bagnara, Cheiene Deriê Roncaglio; Visentini, Juliana Estivalet; Ribeiro, Carlos Eduardo Victor da Costa; May, Liliana Gressler; Morgental, Renata Dornelles

doi:10.1590/0103-6440202305552

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Article • Braz. Dent. J. 34 (6) • Nov-Dec 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305552 copy

Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic sealers and cervical limit: 1-year in vitro evaluation

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Abstract

This laboratory study aimed to evaluate the influence of endodontic sealer and cervical limit of root filling on the discoloration of root canal treated teeth. Bovine incisors were randomly distributed into six experimental groups and control (n=21/group), according to the endodontic sealer used [AH Plus (AP); MTA Fillapex (MF) and Sealer Plus BC (SPB)] and the cervical limit of root filling [dental cervix (DC) or 2 mm in apical direction (2mm-AD)]. Tooth discoloration (ΔE) was evaluated by a digital spectrophotometer using the CIED2000 method. Color assessments were performed immediately before (baseline), 1 week, 1, 3, 6 months, and 1 year after obturation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests (α=5%). Teeth filled with the three sealers showed perceptible tooth discoloration (ΔE≥2.7) in 1 week, maintaining similar values over time. There was a significant difference between MF and SPB sealers in the 2mm-AD groups. In addition, 2mm-AD groups promoted significantly lower discoloration than DC groups for AH (3 months) and SPB (1 and 3 months) sealer,s. Teeth filled with AP, MF, and SPB sealers displayed discoloration from 1 week to one year, with differences between MF and SPB sealers. A cervical limit of filling material at 2 mm from the dental cervix seems more advisable, promoting lower crown discoloration.

Key Words:
Endodontic sealers; Calcium silicate-based sealers; Tooth discoloration; Spectrophotometric analysis

Sealer	Cervical limit	∆E1 Mean ± SD	∆E2 Mean ± SD	∆E3 Mean ± SD	∆E4 Mean ± SD	∆E5 Mean ± SD
AH Plus	Dental cervix	5.34 ± 5.21 ^A	3.97 ± 1.96 ^A	4.07 ± 2.31 ^A	8.00 ± 4.90 ^A	4.92 ± 3.18 ^A
AH Plus	2mm to apical direction	4.69 ± 5.89 ^a	3.52 ± 2.40 ^ab	2.80 ± 2.05 ^a	9.06 ± 3.60 ^a	3.95 ± 1.65 ^a
	P	0.42	0.39	0.04*	0.88	0.62
MTA Fillapex	Dental cervix	3.93 ± 2.54 ^A	3.84 ± 2.47 ^A	4.37 ± 2.02 ^A	7.68 ± 4.75 ^A	4.76 ± 2.18 ^A
MTA Fillapex	2mm to apical direction	3.12 ± 2.11 ^a	2.29 ± 1.42 ^a	2.89 ± 2.18 ^a	5.67 ± 3.72 ^a	4.37 ± 3.66 ^a
	P	0.50	0.33	0.37	0.20	0.73
Sealer Plus BC	Dental cervix	4.18 ± 2.39 ^A	4.73 ± 2.88 ^A	4.50 ± 2.28 ^A	9.57 ± 4.81 ^A	5.38 ± 2.85 ^A
Sealer Plus BC	2mm to apical direction	3.99 ± 3.09 ^a	3.99 ± 2.23 ^b	3.92 ± 2.55 ^a	7.48 ± 3.49 ^a	4.99 ± 2.35 ^a
	P	0.31	0.02*	0.01*	0.09	0.25
Control		3.28 ± 1.62 ^Aa	3.87 ± 3.42 ^Aab	3.74 ± 3.08 ^Aa	7.80 ± 4.06 ^Aa	4.86 ± 4.53 ^Aa
SEALER		0.331 f=1.113	0.036 f=3.391	0.186 f=1.701	0.120 f=2.154	0.258 f=1.100
CUT-OFF LEVEL		0.154 f=2.050	0.020 f=5.510	0.002 f=9.889	0.076 f=3.200	0.347 f=1.290
CUT-OFF LEVEL*SEALER		0.970 f=0.030	0.561 f=0.580	0.488 f=0.721	0.538 f=0.622	0.838 f=0.177

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E-mail: bdj@forp.usp.br

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[1] Correspondence: Isabella Marian Lena, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Avenida Roraima, nº1000, Prédio 26F, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Zip Code: 97105900, Telephone number: +55 (055) 3220-9288, E-mail: lena.isabella28@gmail.com