Bonding performance of self-etch adhesives to enamel bleached with different peroxide concentrations

Nayif, Ma’an M; Otsuki, Masayuki; Tagami, Junji

doi:10.1590/0103-6440202104046

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Article • Braz. Dent. J. 32 (5) • Sep-Oct 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202104046 copy

Bonding performance of self-etch adhesives to enamel bleached with different peroxide concentrations

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of one and two steps self-etch adhesive systems after enamel bleaching with photo-activated bleaching systems of different hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentration. Occlusal enamel of forty intact human molars were flattened and assigned into four groups. GI Unbleached, GII, GIII, and GIV were bleached with Pyrenees (3.5% HP), GC TiON (20% HP), and Hi-Lite (35% HP) respectively. Enamel treatment with one and two steps self-etch adhesives (Clearfil S3 Bond- S3, and Clearfil SE Bond-SE) then micro-tubes were fixed on enamel and filled with AP-X composite (n=5). Bond was tested with the universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests at 5 % level of significance. The µSBS was significantly different between adhesives (F=154.46; p<0.05) and bleaching systems (F=77.33; p<0.05) with significant interaction. Specimens bonded with S3 shows a significantly lower μSBS than those bonded with SE (p<0.05) in all groups. For both adhesives the bleached groups demonstrate lower µSBS than unbleached except specimens bleached with Pyrenees and bonded with SE (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed between groups of the bleaching systems (p<0.05). Different peroxide concentrations photo-activated bleaching systems adversely affect μSBS of one and two steps self-etch adhesives. Low concentration system (Pyrenees) does not influence the bond strength of two steps adhesive.

Key Words:
Micro-shear bond strength; Bleaching; Self-etch adhesives

Agent	Main Component	H₂O₂% (pH)	Application
Pyrenees		3.5% (6.0)	Solution 1 & 2 were mixed for 1 min, Applied in 2mm thick, irradiated for 5 min total, washed and dried. Procedure repeated three times.
Solution 1	H₂O₂ <6%, stabilizer pH adjuster < 6%; Pure water
Solution 2	TiO₂ <1%; stabilizer <5%; pure water, other
GC TiON		20% (neutral)	Reactor applied and air blown. Syringes A&B were mixed, Applied, irradiated for 1 min, left for 5 min, washed and dried. Procedure repeated three times.
Reactor	Ethanol, TiO₂, thickener, pH conditioner, water
Syringe A	35% H₂O₂
Syringe B	30% carbamide peroxide, glycol solvente, thickener, Ph conditioner
Hi-Lite		35% ⁴4. Cavalli V, Giannini M, Carvalho RM. Effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on tensile strength of human enamel. Dent Mater 2004; 20: 733-739.	Powder and liquid mixed, small a applied for 5min and irradiation for 3min. Mixture was kept for another 2min then removed, washed and dried. The procedure was repeated for three times.
Powder	Potassium persulphinate, manganese sulfate, monohydrate, hydrated amorphous sílica, mixed sodium and calcium salt
Liquid	35% H₂O₂, water

Material	Composition
Clearfil S3 bond (One-step)	MDP, HEMA, bis-GMA, dl-Camphorquinone, water, ethanol, silanated colloidal silica.
Clearfil SE bond (two-step)	Primer: MDP, HEMA, dimethacrylate hydrophilic, Camphorquinone, N, N-diethanol-p-toludine, water.
Clearfil SE bond (two-step)	Adhesive: MDP, bis-GMA, HEMA, dimethacrylate hydrophobic, Camphorquinone, N,N-diethanol-p-toludine, silanated colloidal silica.
Clearfil AP-X	Barium glass, Silica, Colloidal silica, Silicon dioxide, (71vol.%, 0.1-15 µm), Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, photoinitiator

Adhesive	Unbleached	Pyrenees	GC TiON	Hi-Lite
Clearfil SE	38.0(5.6) ^A,a	37.3(4.3)^A,a	28.2(5.1) ^B,a	22.9(4.6) ^C,a
Clearfil S³	33.2(3.3) ^A,b	18.3(4.4) ^B,C,b	20.7(6.6) ^B,b	15.6(4.3) ^C,b

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E-mail: bdj@forp.usp.br

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[1] Correspondence: Ma’an M. Nayif, (Assistant professor). Tel.: +964-07710447575 E-mail: mmnayif@yahoo.com