Algumas observações sobre a cinética do fitoplâncton marinho: 1. influência da concentração de nitrato e amônia na velocidade de crescimento e de assimilação desses nutrientes na diatomácea Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin)

Schmidt, Gilda

doi:10.1590/S0373-55241982000200004

Resumos

Foram determinadas as velocidades de crescimento e de assimilaçao da diatomácea Phaeodactylum tricornutum, em função da concentração de nitrato e amônia. A fluorescência "in vivo" da cultura foi comparada com o número de células nas culturas crescendo em diferentes concentrações de nitrato e amônia. A velocidade de crescimento foi determinada como clorofila-a sintetizada, número de células no meio de cultura e assimilação de carbono durante a fotossíntese. A velocidade de assimilação de nutrientes foi determinada como nitrato e amônia consumidos. Foi observada inibição na velocidade de assimilação do carbono inorgânico, com a adição de nitrato ao meio de cultura.

The growth and the uptake rate for the diatom P. tricornutum were determined in function of nitrate and ammonium concentration. Also the fluorescence "in vivo" of the diatom culture was compared to the cell number in the culture growing at different concentrations and sources of nitrogen. The growth rate was determined as chlorophyll-a synthesis, cell number and inorganic carbon assimilation in the photosynthesis. The uptake rate was determined as nitrate and ammonium consumed. Inhibition on the 14C assimilation rate was observed with nitrate addition into the incubation flasks.

ARTIGOS

Algumas observações sobre a cinética do fitoplâncton marinho: 1. influência da concentração de nitrato e amônia na velocidade de crescimento e de assimilação desses nutrientes na diatomácea Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin)

Some observations on the kinetics of marine phytoplankton: 1 the influence of nitrate and ammonium concentrations on the growth velocity and assimilation of these nutrients in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin)

Gilda Schmidt

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo

RESUMO

Foram determinadas as velocidades de crescimento e de assimilaçao da diatomácea Phaeodactylum tricornutum, em função da concentração de nitrato e amônia.

A fluorescência "in vivo" da cultura foi comparada com o número de células nas culturas crescendo em diferentes concentrações de nitrato e amônia. A velocidade de crescimento foi determinada como clorofila-a sintetizada, número de células no meio de cultura e assimilação de carbono durante a fotossíntese. A velocidade de assimilação de nutrientes foi determinada como nitrato e amônia consumidos.

Foi observada inibição na velocidade de assimilação do carbono inorgânico, com a adição de nitrato ao meio de cultura.

SYNOPSIS

The growth and the uptake rate for the diatom P. tricornutum were determined in function of nitrate and ammonium concentration. Also the fluorescence "in vivo" of the diatom culture was compared to the cell number in the culture growing at different concentrations and sources of nitrogen. The growth rate was determined as chlorophyll-a synthesis, cell number and inorganic carbon assimilation in the photosynthesis. The uptake rate was determined as nitrate and ammonium consumed. Inhibition on the ¹⁴C assimilation rate was observed with nitrate addition into the incubation flasks.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Agradecimentos

Agradeço à Organização dos Estados Americanos, OEA, pelo auxílio concedido para a aquisiçao do carbono radioativo utilizado neste trabalho.

(Manuscrito recebido em 10/Mar./1981; aceito em 06/Abr./1982)

ANTIA, N. J.; BERLAND, B. R.; BONIN, D. J. & MAESTRINI, S. Y. 1975. Comparative evaluation of certain organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen for phototrophic growth of marine microalgae. J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K., 55:519-553.
BOROWITZKA, M. A. & VOLCANI, B. E. 1978. The polymorphic diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutun: ultra-structure of its morphotypes. J. Phycol., 14:10-21.
BRAARUD, T. 1961. Cultivation of marine organisms as a mean of understanding environmental influences on populations. In: Sears, M., ed. - Oceanography. Washington, D. C., Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., p. 271-298.
BUTTON, D. K. 1978. On the theory of control of microbial growth kinetics by limiting nutrient concentrations. Deep Sea Res., 25:1163-1177.
CAPERON, J. 1967. Population growth in micro-organisms limited by food supply. Ecology, 48(5):715-721.
CARPENTER, E. J. & GUILLARD, R. R. L. 1971. Intraspecific differences in nitrate half-saturation constants for three species of marine phytoplankton. Ecology, 52(1):183-185.
COLLOS, Y. & SLAWYK, G. 1979.¹³C and ¹⁵N uptake by marine phytoplankton. I. Influence of nitrogen source and concentration in laboratory cultures of diatoms. J. Phycol., 15:186-190.
DOWD, J. E. & RIGGS, D. S. 1965. A comparison of estimates of Michaelis-Menten kinetics constants from various linear transformation. J. biol. Chem., 240(2):863-969.
DROOP, M. R. 1974. The nutrient status of algal cells in continuous culture. J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K., 54:825-855.
DUGDALE, R. C. 1967. Nutrient limitation in the sea: dynamics, identification, and significance. Limnol. Oceanogr., 12:685-695.
______ & GOERING,J. J. 1967. Uptake of new and regenerated forms of nitrogen in primary productivity. Limnol. Oceanogr., 12:196-206.
EPPLEY, R. W.; ROGERS, J. N. & MCCARTHY, J. J. 1969. Half-saturation constants for uptake of nitrate and ammonium by marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 14:912-919.
______ & THOMAS, W. H. 1969. Comparison of half-saturation constants for growth and nitrate uptake of marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol., 5(4):375-379.
FALKOWSKI, P. G. 1975. Nitrate uptake in marine phytoplankton: (nitrate, chloride) activated adenosin triphosphate from Skeletonema costatum J. Phycol., 11:323-326.
______ & STONE, D. P. 1975. Nitrate uptake in marine phytoplankton: energy sources and the interaction with carbon fixation. Mar. Biol., 32:77-84.
FITZGERALD, G. P. 1975. Factors affecting the algal assay procedure. Completion Report nş 20460. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 31p.
GALVÃO, S. M. F.G. 1978. Produção primária da Baía de Santos, Estado de São Paulo. Aspectos sobre a eficiência fotossintética num ambiente poluído. Dissertaçao de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, 53p.
GUILLARD, R. R. L. & RYTHER, J. H. 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana (Hustedt) and Detonula confervacea (Cleve). Can. J. Microbiol., 8:229-239.
HARRIS, G. P. 1978. Photosynthesis, productivity and growth. The physiological ecology of phytoplankton. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beth., Ergeb. Limnol., 10(I-IV):1-171.
KETCHUM, B. H. 1939. The absorption of phosphate and nitrate by illuminated cultures of Nitzchia closterium Amer. J.Bot., 26:399-410.
LEHNINGER, A. L. 1976. Bioquímica. São Paulo, Edgard Blüchner, vol. 1.
LEWIN, J. C. 1958. The taxonomic position of Phaeodactylum tricornutum J. gen. Microbiol., 18:427-432.
LORENZEN, C. J. 1966. A method for continuous measurements of "in vivo" chlorophyll concentration. Deep Sea Res., 13:223-227.
MacISAAC, J. J. & DUGDALE, R. C. 1969. The kinetics of nitrate and amonia by natural populations of marine phytoplankton. Deep Sea Res., 16:45-57.
MULLIN, J. B. & RILEY, J. P. 1955. A spectrophotometric method evaluation of nitrate in natural waters, particular reference to sea-water. Analytica chim. Acta, 12:464-480.
PAASCHE, E. 1967. Marine plankton algae grown with light-dark cycles. I. Coccolithus huxleyi Physiologia Pl., 20:946-956.
______ 1973. Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms. I. Thalassiosira pseudonana grown in a chemostat with silicate as limiting nutrient. Mar. Biol., 19:117-126.
PACKARD, T. T. 1979. Half-saturation constants for nitrate reductase and nitrate translocation in marine phytoplankton. Deep Sea Res., 26:321-325.
PROVASOLI, L. & CARLUCCI, A. F. 1974. Vitamins and growth regulators. In: Stewart, W. D. P., ed. - Algal physiology and biochemistry. London, Blackwell, p. 741-787.
QASIM, S. Z.; BHATTATHIRI, P. M. A. & DEVASSY, V. P. 1973. Growth nutrient and kinetics requirements of two tropical marine phytoplankters. Mar. Biol., 21:299-304.
SAKSHAUG, E. & HOLM-HANSEN, O. 1977. Chemical composition of Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Cleve and Pavlova (Monochysis) lutheri (Droop) Green as a function of nitrate, phosphate, and iron - limited growth. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 29:1-34.
SKOGLUND, L. & JENSEN, A. 1976. Studies on N-limited growth of diatoms in dialysis culture. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 21:169-178.
SOLÓRZANO, L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenolhypochloride method. Limnol. Oceanogr., 14:799-801.
STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. 1952. The use of radio-active carbon for measuring organic production in the sea. J. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer, 18:117-140.
STRICKLAND, J. D. H. & PARSONS, T. R. 1960. A manual of sea-water analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (125):1-185.
______ 1968. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (167):1-311.
TALLING, J. F. 1957. Photosynthetic characteristics of some freshwater plankton diatoms in relation to underwater radiation. New Phytol., 56(1):30-50.
TEIXEIRA, C. 1973. Introdução aos métodos para medir a produção do fitoplâncton marinho. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 22:59-92.
TEIXEIRA, C. 1979. Produção primária e algumas considerações ecológicas da região de Ubatuba (Lat. 23ş30'S - Long. 45ş06'W), Brasil. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 28(2):23-28.
______ & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1976. Nutrient experiments using Phaeodactylum trcornutum as an assay organism. Bolm Inst, oceanogr., S Paulo, 25(1):29-42.
THOMAS, H. W. 1964. An experimental evaluation of the ¹⁴C method for measuring phytoplankton production, using cultures of Dunaliella primolecta Butcher. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 26:1133-1145.
THOMAS, H. W. & DODSON, A. N. 1974. Effect of interactions between temperature and nitrate supply on the cell division rates of two marine phytoflagellates. Mar. Biol., 24:213-217.
VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1980. Excreção de matéria orgânica dissolvida por populações fitoplanctônicas marinhas. Tese de doutorado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico. 160p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
04 Jun 2012
Data do Fascículo
1982

Histórico

Recebido
10 Mar 1981
Aceito
06 Abr 1982

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ANTIA, N. J.; BERLAND, B. R.; BONIN, D. J. & MAESTRINI, S. Y. 1975. Comparative evaluation of certain organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen for phototrophic growth of marine microalgae. J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K., 55:519-553.

[2] BOROWITZKA, M. A. & VOLCANI, B. E. 1978. The polymorphic diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutun: ultra-structure of its morphotypes. J. Phycol., 14:10-21.

[3] BRAARUD, T. 1961. Cultivation of marine organisms as a mean of understanding environmental influences on populations. In: Sears, M., ed. - Oceanography. Washington, D. C., Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., p. 271-298.

[4] BUTTON, D. K. 1978. On the theory of control of microbial growth kinetics by limiting nutrient concentrations. Deep Sea Res., 25:1163-1177.

[5] CAPERON, J. 1967. Population growth in micro-organisms limited by food supply. Ecology, 48(5):715-721.

[6] CARPENTER, E. J. & GUILLARD, R. R. L. 1971. Intraspecific differences in nitrate half-saturation constants for three species of marine phytoplankton. Ecology, 52(1):183-185.

[7] COLLOS, Y. & SLAWYK, G. 1979.¹³C and ¹⁵N uptake by marine phytoplankton. I. Influence of nitrogen source and concentration in laboratory cultures of diatoms. J. Phycol., 15:186-190.

[8] DOWD, J. E. & RIGGS, D. S. 1965. A comparison of estimates of Michaelis-Menten kinetics constants from various linear transformation. J. biol. Chem., 240(2):863-969.

[9] DROOP, M. R. 1974. The nutrient status of algal cells in continuous culture. J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K., 54:825-855.

[10] DUGDALE, R. C. 1967. Nutrient limitation in the sea: dynamics, identification, and significance. Limnol. Oceanogr., 12:685-695.

[11] ______ & GOERING,J. J. 1967. Uptake of new and regenerated forms of nitrogen in primary productivity. Limnol. Oceanogr., 12:196-206.

[12] EPPLEY, R. W.; ROGERS, J. N. & MCCARTHY, J. J. 1969. Half-saturation constants for uptake of nitrate and ammonium by marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 14:912-919.

[13] ______ & THOMAS, W. H. 1969. Comparison of half-saturation constants for growth and nitrate uptake of marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol., 5(4):375-379.

[14] FALKOWSKI, P. G. 1975. Nitrate uptake in marine phytoplankton: (nitrate, chloride) activated adenosin triphosphate from Skeletonema costatum J. Phycol., 11:323-326.

[15] ______ & STONE, D. P. 1975. Nitrate uptake in marine phytoplankton: energy sources and the interaction with carbon fixation. Mar. Biol., 32:77-84.

[16] FITZGERALD, G. P. 1975. Factors affecting the algal assay procedure. Completion Report nş 20460. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 31p.

[17] GALVÃO, S. M. F.G. 1978. Produção primária da Baía de Santos, Estado de São Paulo. Aspectos sobre a eficiência fotossintética num ambiente poluído. Dissertaçao de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, 53p.

[18] GUILLARD, R. R. L. & RYTHER, J. H. 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana (Hustedt) and Detonula confervacea (Cleve). Can. J. Microbiol., 8:229-239.

[19] HARRIS, G. P. 1978. Photosynthesis, productivity and growth. The physiological ecology of phytoplankton. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beth., Ergeb. Limnol., 10(I-IV):1-171.

[20] KETCHUM, B. H. 1939. The absorption of phosphate and nitrate by illuminated cultures of Nitzchia closterium Amer. J.Bot., 26:399-410.

[21] LEHNINGER, A. L. 1976. Bioquímica. São Paulo, Edgard Blüchner, vol. 1.

[22] LEWIN, J. C. 1958. The taxonomic position of Phaeodactylum tricornutum J. gen. Microbiol., 18:427-432.

[23] LORENZEN, C. J. 1966. A method for continuous measurements of "in vivo" chlorophyll concentration. Deep Sea Res., 13:223-227.

[24] MacISAAC, J. J. & DUGDALE, R. C. 1969. The kinetics of nitrate and amonia by natural populations of marine phytoplankton. Deep Sea Res., 16:45-57.

[25] MULLIN, J. B. & RILEY, J. P. 1955. A spectrophotometric method evaluation of nitrate in natural waters, particular reference to sea-water. Analytica chim. Acta, 12:464-480.

[26] PAASCHE, E. 1967. Marine plankton algae grown with light-dark cycles. I. Coccolithus huxleyi Physiologia Pl., 20:946-956.

[27] ______ 1973. Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms. I. Thalassiosira pseudonana grown in a chemostat with silicate as limiting nutrient. Mar. Biol., 19:117-126.

[28] PACKARD, T. T. 1979. Half-saturation constants for nitrate reductase and nitrate translocation in marine phytoplankton. Deep Sea Res., 26:321-325.

[29] PROVASOLI, L. & CARLUCCI, A. F. 1974. Vitamins and growth regulators. In: Stewart, W. D. P., ed. - Algal physiology and biochemistry. London, Blackwell, p. 741-787.

[30] QASIM, S. Z.; BHATTATHIRI, P. M. A. & DEVASSY, V. P. 1973. Growth nutrient and kinetics requirements of two tropical marine phytoplankters. Mar. Biol., 21:299-304.

[31] SAKSHAUG, E. & HOLM-HANSEN, O. 1977. Chemical composition of Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Cleve and Pavlova (Monochysis) lutheri (Droop) Green as a function of nitrate, phosphate, and iron - limited growth. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 29:1-34.

[32] SKOGLUND, L. & JENSEN, A. 1976. Studies on N-limited growth of diatoms in dialysis culture. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 21:169-178.

[33] SOLÓRZANO, L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenolhypochloride method. Limnol. Oceanogr., 14:799-801.

[34] STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. 1952. The use of radio-active carbon for measuring organic production in the sea. J. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer, 18:117-140.

[35] STRICKLAND, J. D. H. & PARSONS, T. R. 1960. A manual of sea-water analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (125):1-185.

[36] ______ 1968. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (167):1-311.

[37] TALLING, J. F. 1957. Photosynthetic characteristics of some freshwater plankton diatoms in relation to underwater radiation. New Phytol., 56(1):30-50.

[38] TEIXEIRA, C. 1973. Introdução aos métodos para medir a produção do fitoplâncton marinho. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 22:59-92.

[39] TEIXEIRA, C. 1979. Produção primária e algumas considerações ecológicas da região de Ubatuba (Lat. 23ş30'S - Long. 45ş06'W), Brasil. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 28(2):23-28.

[40] ______ & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1976. Nutrient experiments using Phaeodactylum trcornutum as an assay organism. Bolm Inst, oceanogr., S Paulo, 25(1):29-42.

[41] THOMAS, H. W. 1964. An experimental evaluation of the ¹⁴C method for measuring phytoplankton production, using cultures of Dunaliella primolecta Butcher. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 26:1133-1145.

[42] THOMAS, H. W. & DODSON, A. N. 1974. Effect of interactions between temperature and nitrate supply on the cell division rates of two marine phytoflagellates. Mar. Biol., 24:213-217.

[43] VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1980. Excreção de matéria orgânica dissolvida por populações fitoplanctônicas marinhas. Tese de doutorado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico. 160p.

Brasil

Brasil

Algumas observações sobre a cinética do fitoplâncton marinho: 1. influência da concentração de nitrato e amônia na velocidade de crescimento e de assimilação desses nutrientes na diatomácea Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin)

Some observations on the kinetics of marine phytoplankton: 1 the influence of nitrate and ammonium concentrations on the growth velocity and assimilation of these nutrients in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin)

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico