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• Bol. Inst. Oceanogr. 19 • 1970 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0373-55241970000100003   copiar

Observações sôbre a fauna bêntica do complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia (SP)

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

The Cananéia region in the south of São Paulo State, is a estuarine-lagunar complex, tn this region we realesed 60 benthic stations with a Foerst "Petersen grab" of 1/10 sq.m. We had studied the density and alcoholic weight of the benthic groups and species. The polychaets was the dominant group in number of species and of individuals. The commonest species was Loandalia americana, Laonice japonica, Clymene sp., Clymenella sp.. The highest density of polychaets was obtained in station 51, 10 meters deepthty, temperature of 18.60ºC, salinity of 25.90%0, water transparency (Secchy disc) of 2 meters, bottom of muddy, sand and pebles. In this station we found 72 individuals/sq. m. and a alcoholic weight of 5.9100 grm. The lamelibrancs was not dominant in neither one station. Tellina alternata and Macoma sp. occurred only in Trapandé bay and Cubatão sea. Littoridina australis var. nana occurs in high density in the north region of Cananéia island. In this region it is the dominant benthic species. Kalliapseudes schubartii occurs only in the Cubatão sea. Renilla reniformis and Virgularia sp. occurs specially in the Trapandé bay. It was possible to recognize five faunistics zones in the soft bottoms of the complex. Zone of Renilla reniformis and Virgularla sp.. The sediment of this zone have a low organic fraction and the zone is on direct influence of the ocean waters. Zone of Macoma sp. and Tellina alternata in the Cananéia sea. Zone of the tanaidaceous Kalliapseudes schubartii and Phoronis sp. principally in the Cubatão sea. In this sea there are the highest organic fraction of the sediment. Zone of Littoridina australis var. nana in the northern region of the Cananéia island. In this zone, we found a low transparency of the water, salinity of 4.91 to 12.36‰ and a high organic fraction in the sediment. Zone of hard bottoms with hydroids and ophiuroids. The Trapande bay, presents the richest muddy infralittoral benthic fauna of the complex. In this bay is found the highest oxygen content and water highest salinity of the complex. Near of the mouth of the rivers and of the "marigots" and in many places of the complex, we found a floculated softy sediment in the bottom. In these places we d'ont found animals or they are very much rare (stations 11, 14, 17, 20, 48, 54 and 56). In two stations near of the Cananéia bar, in result of strong currents we d'ont found animals (St. 2, 5). Inside of the estuarine-lagunar complex of Cananéia (SP) characterized by the presence of muddy and sand-muddy bottoms with a very much poor epifauna we found in the Casqueiro island a infralittoral stone bottom, with a rich epifauna, specially of the hydroids Eudendrium carneum Clarke, the Ophiothrix angulata Say, amphipods, etc. This occurs because this area is situated in a region of function of the waters of the Trapandé bay and that of the Arárapira river, what permits the existence of a stone bottom not covered by the muddy. This situation permits the occurrence of that epifauna.

Observações sôbre a fauna bêntica do complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia (SP)

Luiz Roberto Tommasi

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo

SUMMARY

The Cananéia region in the south of São Paulo State, is a estuarine-lagunar complex, tn this region we realesed 60 benthic stations with a Foerst "Petersen grab" of 1/10 sq.m. We had studied the density and alcoholic weight of the benthic groups and species. The polychaets was the dominant group in number of species and of individuals. The commonest species was Loandalia americana, Laonice japonica, Clymene sp., Clymenella sp.. The highest density of polychaets was obtained in station 51, 10 meters deepthty, temperature of 18.60ºC, salinity of 25.90%0, water transparency (Secchy disc) of 2 meters, bottom of muddy, sand and pebles. In this station we found 72 individuals/sq. m. and a alcoholic weight of 5.9100 grm. The lamelibrancs was not dominant in neither one station. Tellina alternata and Macoma sp. occurred only in Trapandé bay and Cubatão sea. Littoridina australis var. nana occurs in high density in the north region of Cananéia island. In this region it is the dominant benthic species. Kalliapseudes schubartii occurs only in the Cubatão sea. Renilla reniformis and Virgularia sp. occurs specially in the Trapandé bay.

It was possible to recognize five faunistics zones in the soft bottoms of the complex. Zone of Renilla reniformis and Virgularla sp.. The sediment of this zone have a low organic fraction and the zone is on direct influence of the ocean waters. Zone of Macoma sp. and Tellina alternata in the Cananéia sea. Zone of the tanaidaceous Kalliapseudes schubartii and Phoronis sp. principally in the Cubatão sea. In this sea there are the highest organic fraction of the sediment. Zone of Littoridina australis var. nana in the northern region of the Cananéia island. In this zone, we found a low transparency of the water, salinity of 4.91 to 12.36‰ and a high organic fraction in the sediment. Zone of hard bottoms with hydroids and ophiuroids.

The Trapande bay, presents the richest muddy infralittoral benthic fauna of the complex. In this bay is found the highest oxygen content and water highest salinity of the complex. Near of the mouth of the rivers and of the "marigots" and in many places of the complex, we found a floculated softy sediment in the bottom. In these places we d'ont found animals or they are very much rare (stations 11, 14, 17, 20, 48, 54 and 56). In two stations near of the Cananéia bar, in result of strong currents we d'ont found animals (St. 2, 5).

Inside of the estuarine-lagunar complex of Cananéia (SP) characterized by the presence of muddy and sand-muddy bottoms with a very much poor epifauna we found in the Casqueiro island a infralittoral stone bottom, with a rich epifauna, specially of the hydroids Eudendrium carneum Clarke, the Ophiothrix angulata Say, amphipods, etc. This occurs because this area is situated in a region of function of the waters of the Trapandé bay and that of the Arárapira river, what permits the existence of a stone bottom not covered by the muddy. This situation permits the occurrence of that epifauna.

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AGRADECIMENTOS

Ao Dr. Edmundo F. Nonato, pela classificação dos poliquetas e valiosas sugestões, à Dra. Marta Vannucci, pela classificação do hidróide, ao Dr. Plínio Soares Moreira pela classificação dos tanaidaceos, ao Dr. Clóvis Teixeira por diversas observações e à Lic. Licia Penna, pela classificação dos lamelibranquios, nossos sinceros agradecimentos.

BIBLIOGRAFIA

ALLEE, W. C, PARK, O., EMERSON, A. E., PARK, T. & SCHMIDT, K. P. 1963. Principles of animal ecology. Philadelphia, Saunders, 837 p.

BOILLOT, G. 1964. Geologie de Manche Occidentale. Annls Inst, océanogr., Monaco, vol. 42, 220 p.

CARRIKER, M. R. 1967. Ecology of estuarine benthic invertebrates, a perspective. In : Lauff, G. H., ed. - Estuaries. Washington, Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., Publ. 83, p. 442-587.

DAY, J. H. 1967. The biology of Knysna estuary, South Africa. In: Lauff, G. H., ed. - Estuaries. Washington, Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., Publ. 83, p. 397-407.

GERLACH, S. 1958. Die mangroveregion Tropischer Küsten als lebensraum. Z. Morph. Ökol. Tiere, vol. 46, p. 636-730.

______ 1963. Ökologische Bedeutung der Küste als Grenzraum zwischem Land und Meer. Naturw. Rdsch., Stuttg., vol. 16, n.º 6, p. 219-227.

HESSE, R., ALLEE, W. C. & SCHMIDT, K. P. 1937. Ecological animal geography. New York, John Willey, 597 p.

KATO, K. 1966. Chemical investigations on the hydrography cal system of Cananéia lagoon. Bolm Inst, oceanogr. S. Paulo, vol. 15, n.º 1, p. 1-12.

KUTNER, A. 1962. Granulometria dos sedimentos de fundo da região de Cananéia, S.P. Bolm Soc. bras. Geol., vol. 11, n.º 2, p. 41-54.

LOPES, M. A. & OKUDA, T. 1968. Algunas observaciones sobre características fisico-químicas de los sedimentos y distribución de la fauna macro bentónica de la Laguna Grande del Obispo. Boln Inst. oceanogr. Univ. Orient, vol. 7, n.º 1, p. 107-128.

MACHADO, L. B. 1952. Pesquisas físicas e químicas do sistema hidrográfico da região lagunar de Cananéia. II. Águas de junção. Estudos iniciais das águas comuns da região da Ilha da Casca. Nota preliminar sobre as águas, na junção do Canal de Ararapira e Baia de Trapandé. Bolm Inst, oceanogr. S. Paulo, vol. 3, n.º 1/2, p. 55-75, 2 mapas.

MAGLIOCCA, A. & KIJTNER, A. S. 1964. Conteúdo orgânico dos sedimentos de fundo de Cananéia, São Paulo. Contrções Inst, oceanogr. S Paulo, ser. Ocean, fis., n.º 7, 14 p.

MARCUS, E. & MARCUS, E. 1963. Mesogastropoden von der Küste São Paulo. Abh. math, naturw. Kl. Akad. Wiss. Mainz, n.º 1, 105 p.

MINIUSSI, I. C. 1959. Propagação da onda de maré em tôrno da Ilha de Cananéia. Contrções Inst. oceanogr. S. Paulo, sér. Ocean, fis., n.º 2, 5 p. 3 figs.

PETERSEN, C. G. J. 1914. Valuation of the sea II. The animal communities of the sea bottom and their importance for marine zoogeography. Rep. Dan. biol. Stn, n.º 21, p. 1-44, 1-68.

SANDERS, H. L. 1968. Marine benthic diversity: a comparative study. Am. Nat., vol. 102, n.º 925, p. 243-282.

STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. 1940. Die produktionsbedingungen des phytoplanktons im Übergangsgebiet zwischen der Nord und Ostsee. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders., vol. 3, n.º 4, 55 p.

TEIXEIRA, C. 1969. Estudo sôbre algumas características do fitoplâncton da região de Cananéia e o seu potencial fotossintético. Tese de doutoramento apresentada à Universidade de São Paulo.

TEIXEIRA, C. & KUTNER, A. 1961. Contribuição para o conhecimento das diatomáceas da região de Cananéia. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 11, n.º 3, p. 41-74.

TEIXEIRA, C, TUNDISI, J. & KUTNER, M. B. 1965. Plankton studies in a mangrove environment. II. The standing stock and some ecological factors. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 14, p. 13-42.

THORSON, G. 1957. Bottom communities (sublittoral or shallow shelf). In: Hedgpeth, J. W., ed. - Treatise on marine ecology an paleoecology. Washington, Geol. Soc. Am., Memoir 67, vol. 1, p. 461-534.

TOMMASI, L. R. 1967. Observações preliminares sobre a fauna bêntica de sedimentos moles da baía de Santos e regiões vizinhas. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 16, p. 43-66.

TUNDISI, J. & TUNDISI, T. M. 1968. Plankton studies in a mangrove environment. V. Salinity tolerances of some planktonic crustaceans. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 17, p. 57-65.

URSIN, E. 1960. A quantitative investigation of the echinoderm fauna of the Central North Sea. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders., n.s., vol. 2, n.º 24, p. 1-204.

(Recebido em 3/3/1970)

  • ALLEE, W. C, PARK, O., EMERSON, A. E., PARK, T. & SCHMIDT, K. P. 1963. Principles of animal ecology. Philadelphia, Saunders, 837 p.
  • BOILLOT, G. 1964. Geologie de Manche Occidentale. Annls Inst, océanogr., Monaco, vol. 42, 220 p.
  • CARRIKER, M. R. 1967. Ecology of estuarine benthic invertebrates, a perspective. In : Lauff, G. H., ed. - Estuaries. Washington,
  • Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., Publ. 83, p. 442-587.
  • DAY, J. H. 1967. The biology of Knysna estuary, South Africa. In: Lauff, G. H., ed. - Estuaries. Washington,
  • Am. Ass. Adv. Sci., Publ. 83, p. 397-407.
  • GERLACH, S. 1958. Die mangroveregion Tropischer Küsten als lebensraum. Z. Morph. Ökol. Tiere, vol. 46, p. 636-730.
  • ______ 1963. Ökologische Bedeutung der Küste als Grenzraum zwischem Land und Meer. Naturw. Rdsch., Stuttg., vol. 16, n.ş 6, p. 219-227.
  • HESSE, R., ALLEE, W. C. & SCHMIDT, K. P. 1937. Ecological animal geography. New York, John Willey, 597 p.
  • KATO, K. 1966. Chemical investigations on the hydrography cal system of Cananéia lagoon. Bolm Inst, oceanogr. S. Paulo, vol. 15, n.ş 1, p. 1-12.
  • KUTNER, A. 1962. Granulometria dos sedimentos de fundo da região de Cananéia, S.P. Bolm Soc. bras. Geol., vol. 11, n.ş 2, p. 41-54.
  • LOPES, M. A. & OKUDA, T. 1968. Algunas observaciones sobre características fisico-químicas de los sedimentos y distribución de la fauna macro bentónica de la Laguna Grande del Obispo. Boln Inst. oceanogr. Univ. Orient, vol. 7, n.ş 1, p. 107-128.
  • MACHADO, L. B. 1952. Pesquisas físicas e químicas do sistema hidrográfico da região lagunar de Cananéia. II. Águas de junção. Estudos iniciais das águas comuns da região da Ilha da Casca. Nota preliminar sobre as águas, na junção do Canal de Ararapira e Baia de Trapandé. Bolm Inst, oceanogr. S. Paulo, vol. 3, n.ş 1/2, p. 55-75, 2 mapas.
  • MAGLIOCCA, A. & KIJTNER, A. S. 1964. Conteúdo orgânico dos sedimentos de fundo de Cananéia, São Paulo. Contrções Inst, oceanogr. S Paulo, ser. Ocean, fis., n.ş 7, 14 p.
  • MARCUS, E. & MARCUS, E. 1963. Mesogastropoden von der Küste São Paulo. Abh. math, naturw. Kl. Akad. Wiss. Mainz, n.ş 1, 105 p.
  • MINIUSSI, I. C. 1959. Propagação da onda de maré em tôrno da Ilha de Cananéia. Contrções Inst. oceanogr. S. Paulo, sér. Ocean, fis., n.ş 2, 5 p. 3 figs.
  • PETERSEN, C. G. J. 1914. Valuation of the sea II. The animal communities of the sea bottom and their importance for marine zoogeography. Rep. Dan. biol. Stn, n.ş 21, p. 1-44, 1-68.
  • SANDERS, H. L. 1968. Marine benthic diversity: a comparative study. Am. Nat., vol. 102, n.ş 925, p. 243-282.
  • STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. 1940. Die produktionsbedingungen des phytoplanktons im Übergangsgebiet zwischen der Nord und Ostsee. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders., vol. 3, n.ş 4, 55 p.
  • TEIXEIRA, C. 1969. Estudo sôbre algumas características do fitoplâncton da região de Cananéia e o seu potencial fotossintético. Tese de doutoramento apresentada à Universidade de São Paulo.
  • TEIXEIRA, C. & KUTNER, A. 1961. Contribuição para o conhecimento das diatomáceas da região de Cananéia. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 11, n.ş 3, p. 41-74.
  • TEIXEIRA, C, TUNDISI, J. & KUTNER, M. B. 1965. Plankton studies in a mangrove environment. II. The standing stock and some ecological factors. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 14, p. 13-42.
  • THORSON, G. 1957. Bottom communities (sublittoral or shallow shelf). In: Hedgpeth, J. W., ed. - Treatise on marine ecology an paleoecology. Washington, Geol. Soc. Am., Memoir 67, vol. 1, p. 461-534.
  • TOMMASI, L. R. 1967. Observações preliminares sobre a fauna bêntica de sedimentos moles da baía de Santos e regiões vizinhas. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 16, p. 43-66.
  • TUNDISI, J. & TUNDISI, T. M. 1968. Plankton studies in a mangrove environment. V. Salinity tolerances of some planktonic crustaceans. Bolm Inst. oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 17, p. 57-65.
  • URSIN, E. 1960. A quantitative investigation of the echinoderm fauna of the Central North Sea. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders., n.s., vol. 2, n.ş 24, p. 1-204.

Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    12 Jun 2012
  • Data do Fascículo
    1970

Histórico

  • Recebido
    03 Mar 1970
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