Silva and collaborators, 2015. Conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre o testamento vital
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Assess the understanding of medical students at the State University of Pará (UEPA) about LW and decisions involving the end of life. |
Descriptive cross-sectional study with a qualitative and quantitative nature; students (n=238) interviewed using a ten-question questionnaire. |
Document written by a person in full possession of their mental faculties. Its purpose is to specify the care, treatments, and procedures they wish or not to receive when affected by a serious illness and cannot freely express their wishes. |
Only 8% of students clearly understood the meaning of “living will.” Despite this, after listening to the definition of ADs provided by the researchers, 92% declared that they respected the provisions of the living will. |
Moreira and collaborators, 2017. Testamento vital na prática médica: compreensão dos profissionais
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Study the opinion of resident physicians regarding inserting the patient’s ADs or LW in medical practice. |
Exploratory study of a qualitative nature with 36 physicians interviewed. |
Document expressing the types of treatment the patient wishes to receive from healthcare professionals and caregivers during the terminal stage of life, recorded with mental lucidity and complete autonomy to deliberate about themselves, and with preserved quality of life. |
Most physicians interviewed believe that LW is an instrument capable of guaranteeing a dignified death. Thus, they defend the creation of legal provisions that regulate formal use in Brazil. |
Comin and collaborators, 2017. Percepção de pacientes oncológicos sobre a terminalidade da vida
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Analyze the perception of cancer patients regarding the end of life. |
Descriptive study using a questionnaire for oncology patients (n=100). |
Document that records the wishes of how sick people would like to be treated when they are at the end of their lives, allowing them to lead their dying process and have dignity at that moment. |
85% of participants were unaware of LW/ADs, 81% of palliative care, and 70% of the do-not-resuscitate order. The need to encourage discussion about terminal illness during patient care was verified. |
Gomes and collaborators, 2018. Diretivas antecipadas de vontade em geriatria
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Evaluate the understanding of elderly companions, professors, and medical students on the definition and implementation of ADs. |
Cross-sectional descriptive study of a quantitative nature, in which companions of older people (n=66), professors (n=60), and medical students (n=72) were interviewed (n=72). |
The ADs represent the patient’s willingness to undergo medical treatment through the LW and the lasting mandate. |
Elderly companions proved to be the group with the slightest knowledge about the topic. 40% of those interviewed demonstrated their intention to register ADs, with the majority being students to whom the concept was introduced. |
Scottini and collaborators, 2018. Direito dos pacientes às diretivas antecipadas de vontade
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Investigate the knowledge that patients with terminal illnesses had about their diagnosis, prognosis, and the possibility of recording their wishes at the end of life in the form of ADs. |
Cross-sectional and descriptive study of a qualitative and quantitative nature conducted with patients (n=55) diagnosed with terminal illnesses. |
Document that records the wishes of how sick people would like to be treated in terminal conditions, allowing them to lead their dying process and have dignity in this unique moment of their existence. |
Most patients with preserved mental functions were found to have good knowledge of the disease diagnosis (95%). However, a significant number of these (69%) were never instructed by reference professionals to perform their ADs. |
Chaves and collaborators, 2021. Cuidados paliativos: conhecimento de pacientes oncológicos e seus cuidadores
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Verify the perception of palliative care, ADs, and do-not-resuscitate orders of cancer patients and their caregivers and their relationship with healthcare professionals. |
Descriptive, quantitative study conducted with cancer patients (n=100) and caregivers (n=100) using a form. |
The ADs are a set of desires, previously and expressly expressed by the patient, about the care and treatments that they want or not to receive at the time when they are unable to express, freely and autonomously, their wishes. |
While most patients and caregivers report good medical support, most of them are unaware of terms such as “Palliative Care” (78%), “do not resuscitate order” (85%), and “living will” (96%). |
Dias and collaborators, 2022. Advance care planning and goals of care discussion: the perspectives of Brazilian oncologists
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Explore the difficulties faced by Brazilian oncologists in preparing ADs. |
Cross-sectional study with a quantitative and qualitative approach developed to identify Brazilian oncologists’ barriers to discussing goals of care and ADs. |
ADs are an instrument that allows respect for patient autonomy. It involves exploring values, beliefs, and what is most important to each person: ensuring agreement between the clinical care received and the patient’s wishes. |
Identifying barriers that limit discussion of ADs and early referrals to palliative care can undoubtedly help prioritize the next steps for future studies aimed at improving ACP and help physicians better support patients through shared decision-making based on the patient’s values and experiences. |
Fusculim and collaborators, 2022. Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: amparo bioético às questões éticas em saúde
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Analyze the current context of ADs implementation in Brazil based on the participants’ perceptions. |
Exploratory, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, with the participation of physicians (n=90) and nurses (n=51). |
It involves understanding values, beliefs, and what is most important for each person: ensuring agreement between the clinical care received and the patient’s wishes. |
Professionals with training in palliative care had greater knowledge of ADs and greater ease in accepting and implementing them. Among those who responded that they were afraid of applying the ADs, the majority said that this concern was related to legal issues, and the others to ethical issues. |