Civil Code (Law 10,406/2002)
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Civil rights |
Art. 2 |
A person’s civil personality begins upon live birth; but the law safeguards, from conception, the rights of unborn children 4747. Brasil. Lei nº 10.406, de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Institui o Código Civil. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 11 jan 2002 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z...
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Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988.
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Right to dignity |
Art. 1 |
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The federative republic of Brazil, formed by the indissoluble union of the states, municipalities and the federal district, constitutes a Democratic State under the rule of law and is founded on:
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(…)
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III – the dignity of the human person 4646. Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 5 out 1988 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS...
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Right to life, physical integrity, image, honor and privacy |
Art. 5 |
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Everyone is equal before the Law, without distinction of any kind, ensuring to Brazilians and foreigners residing in the country the inviolability of the right to life, freedom, equality, security and property, in the following terms:
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(…)
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III – no one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment;
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(…) 4646. Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 5 out 1988 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS...
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Right to health |
Art. 6 |
Education, health, food, work, housing, transportation, leisure, security, social security, protection of maternity and childhood, assistance to the helpless are social rights, as per this Constitution 4646. Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 5 out 1988 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS...
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Art. 196 |
Health is a right of all citizens and a duty of the State, guaranteed by means of social and economic policies that aim at reducing the risk of diseases and other problems, and aim at providing universal and egalitarian access to actions and services for health promotion, protection and recovery 4646. Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 5 out 1988 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS...
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Right to life, health, dignity and physical integrity |
Art. 227 |
It is the duty of the family, society and the State to ensure children and adolescents, with absolute priority, the right to life, health, food, education, leisure, professional qualification, culture, dignity, respect, freedom, as well as family and community life, and to safeguard them from all forms of neglect, discrimination, exploitation, violence, cruelty and oppression 4646. Brasil. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 5 out 1988 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS https://bit.ly/3Bcb8SS...
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Statute of Children and Adolescents (Law 8,069/1990)
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Right to life, health, and physical integrity |
Art. 7 |
Children and adolescents have the right to protection of life and health, through the implementation of public social policies that allow for healthy and harmonious birth and development, in dignified conditions of existence 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Right to dignity |
Art. 15 |
Children and adolescents have the right to freedom, respect and dignity as human persons in the process of development and as subjects of civil, human and social rights guaranteed in the Constitution and laws 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Right to physical integrity and image |
Art. 17 |
The right to respect consists in the inviolability of the physical, psychological and moral integrity of children and adolescents, comprising the preservation of the image, identity, autonomy, values, ideas and beliefs, and personal spaces and objects 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Medical responsibilities
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Civil Code (Law 10,406/2002)
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Civil duty |
Art. 186 |
The person who, by voluntary action or omission, negligence or recklessness, violates the law and causes harm to others, even if only moral, commits an ilicit act 4747. Brasil. Lei nº 10.406, de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Institui o Código Civil. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 11 jan 2002 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z...
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Art. 927 |
The person who, by an ilicit act (arts. 186 and 187), causes harm to others, is obliged to repair it 4747. Brasil. Lei nº 10.406, de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Institui o Código Civil. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 11 jan 2002 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z...
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Medical responsibilities
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Code of Medical Ethics (CFM Resolution 2,217/2018)
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Consent |
Art. 22 |
Physicians are prohibited from: Abstaining from obtaining consent from the patient or their legal representative after clarifying to them the procedure to be performed, except in case of imminent risk of death 2222. Conselho Federal de Medicina. Resolução CFM nº 2.217, de 27 de setembro de 2018. Aprova o Código de Ética Médica. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, nº 211, p. 179, 1 nov 2019 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i...
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Art. 31 |
Physicians are prohibited from: Disrespecting the right of the patient or their legal representative to freely decide on the execution of diagnostic or therapeutic practices, except in case of imminent risk of death 2222. Conselho Federal de Medicina. Resolução CFM nº 2.217, de 27 de setembro de 2018. Aprova o Código de Ética Médica. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, nº 211, p. 179, 1 nov 2019 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i...
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Art. 36 |
Physicians are prohibited from: Abandoning patients under their care 2222. Conselho Federal de Medicina. Resolução CFM nº 2.217, de 27 de setembro de 2018. Aprova o Código de Ética Médica. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, nº 211, p. 179, 1 nov 2019 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i https://bit.ly/3MbOz3i...
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CFM Resolution 2,232/2019
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Treatment refusal |
Art. 5 |
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Treatment refusal should not be accepted by physicians when it characterizes abuse of rights.
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§ 1 The following characterizes abuse of rights:
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I – Treatment refusal that endangers the health of third parties.
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II – Refusal of treatment for communicable disease or any other similar condition that exposes the population to risk of contamination 5252. Conselho Federal de Medicina. Resolução nº 2.232, de 17 de julho de 2019. Estabelece normas éticas para a recusa terapêutica por pacientes e objeção de consciência na relação médico-paciente. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, nº 179, p. 113, 16 set 2019 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3DsbsOy https://bit.ly/3DsbsOy...
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Statute of Children and Adolescents (Law 8,069/1990)
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Follow-up for pregnant women |
Art. 8 |
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All women are guaranteed access to programs and policies for women’s health and reproductive planning and, pregnant women, adequate nutrition, humanized care for pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium and comprehensive prenatal, perinatal and postnatal care within the scope of the Unified Health System.
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(…)
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§ 9 Primary health care professionals will actively search for pregnant women who do not start or do not adhere to prenatal care, as well as puerperal women who do not adhere to postnatal care 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Communication to responsible authorities |
Art. 245 |
Physician, teacher or person responsible for health care and elementary school, preschool or daycare establishment failing to report to competent authority the cases of which they is aware, involving suspicion or confirmation of maltreatment against a child or adolescent: Penalty – fine of three to twenty reference salaries, applying double in case of recidivism 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Responsibilities of pregnant women
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Civil Code (Law 10,406/2002)
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Civil duty |
Art. 186 |
The person who, by voluntary action or omission, negligence or recklessness, violates the law and causes harm to others, even if only moral, commits an ilicit act 4747. Brasil. Lei nº 10.406, de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Institui o Código Civil. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 11 jan 2002 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z...
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Art. 927 |
The person who, by an ilicit act (arts. 186 and 187), causes harm to others, is obliged to repair it 4747. Brasil. Lei nº 10.406, de 10 de janeiro de 2002. Institui o Código Civil. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 1, 11 jan 2002 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z https://bit.ly/3RjBU2z...
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Statute of Children and Adolescents (Law 8,069/1990)
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Duty of care |
Art. 4 |
It is the duty of the family, community, society in general and the government to ensure, with absolute priority, the enforcement of the rights to life, health, food, education, sport, leisure, professional qualification, culture, dignity, respect, freedom, and family and community life 4848. Brasil. Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990. Dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 13563, 16 jul 1990 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3jidOZi https://bit.ly/3jidOZi...
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Responsibilities of pregnant women
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Criminal Code (Decree-Law 2,848/1940)
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Exposure of unborn children to danger |
Art. 132 |
To expose the life or health of others to direct and imminent danger: Penalty – imprisonment, from three months to one year, if the fact does not constitute a more serious crime 5454. Brasil. Decreto-Lei nº 2.848, de 7 de dezembro de 1940. Código Penal. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 23911, 31 dez 1940 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3FpmvYx https://bit.ly/3FpmvYx...
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Art. 136 |
Expose to danger the life or health of a person under one’s authority, custody or surveillance, for the purpose of education, teaching, treatment or custody, either by depriving them of food or indispensable care, or by subjecting them to excessive or inadequate work, or by abusing means of correction or discipline: Penalty – imprisonment, from two months to one year, or fine 5454. Brasil. Decreto-Lei nº 2.848, de 7 de dezembro de 1940. Código Penal. Diário Oficial da União [Internet]. Brasília, p. 23911, 31 dez 1940 [acesso 11 jan 2023]. Seção 1. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3FpmvYx https://bit.ly/3FpmvYx...
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