Abstract
The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (2005) contemplated autonomy in three articles among its 15 principles: autonomy and individual responsibility (article 5); consent (article 6); and, persons without the capacity to consent (article 7). In view of the complexity of the mater, this paper analyzes Article 7 of the Declaration, specifically focusing on children. Because of children's lack of competence to freely and autonomously provide their consent, this authorization is passed on to their legal guardians, usually parents or relatives. The absence of legal provisions to legitimize the decision of minors leaves room for paternalistic actions by professionals and legal representatives, who act, based on their own perspectives, for the benefit of children. Bioethics is responsible for stimulating a discussion on possible ways and mechanisms for the real protection of minors, legally regarded as unable to provide their own consent.
Keywords:
Bioethics; Personal autonomy; Informed consent; Comprehension; Minors