Astuto 2002 |
Article |
Italy |
English |
MK1 = 40; MK2 = 42 |
38 |
2-6 years |
Urologic |
Group MK1: M 0.3 + K 1 mg.kg-1 and Group MK2: M 0.3 + K 2 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Glucose syrup |
1-2 teaspoons |
30 min before induction |
sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, face mask acceptance, adverse events: PONV, headache, diplopia, hallucinations |
Darlong 2004 |
Article |
India |
English |
24 |
24 |
1-9 years |
Eye surgery |
M 0.25 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
50% dextrose |
Up to 0.3 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance, adverse events: PONV, salivation, irrelevant talking, breath holding |
Darlong 2011 |
Article |
India |
English |
MKL = 29; MKH = 29 |
29 |
1-10 years |
Eye surgery |
Group MKL M 0.25 + K 3 mg.kg-1 and Group MKH: M 0.5 + K 6 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Honey |
Up to 0.5 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance, adverse events: PONV, salivation, irrelevant talking breath holding |
Foroutan 2007 |
Article |
Iran |
English |
50 |
59 |
2-8 years |
Cardiac |
M 0.25 + K 3 mg.kg-1+ atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Apple juice |
Up to 5-8 mL |
45 min before induction |
parental separation, behavior at venepuncture, face mask acceptance |
Funk 2000 |
Article |
Germany |
English |
39 |
38 |
2-10 years |
Elective surgery more than 30 minute-expected duration |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Strawberry-flavored glucose syrup |
Up to 12.5 mL |
30 min before induction |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture; PONV, vertigo,psychodelic symptoms, salivation |
Ghai 2005 |
Article |
India |
English |
49 |
48 |
10 months-6 years |
Elective surgery |
M 0.25 + K 2,5 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Honey |
Not reported |
20 min prior to induction |
sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, face mask acceptance, adverse events: PONV |
Hasani 2000 |
Article |
Iran |
Persian |
50 |
50 |
|
Elective surgery |
M 0.25 + K 2,5 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Not reported |
Not reported |
30 min before induction |
sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance. |
Jain 2010 |
Article |
India |
English |
31 |
29 |
1-5 years |
CT imaging |
M 0.25 + K 1 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Honey |
5 mL |
20-30 min before venepunction |
behavior at venepuncture, sedation, parental satisfaction |
Kulikov 2010 |
Article |
Russia |
Russian |
80 |
20 |
|
Elective neurosurgery |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.75 mg.kg-1
|
Honey or thick syrup (e.g.hawthorn) |
10 m L |
40 min before induction |
sedation, behavior at venepuncture |
Kumar 2009 |
Article |
India |
English |
20 |
20 |
3-10 years |
Elective surgery |
M 0.3 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Apple juice |
Up to 0.5 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture; facial mask acceptance PONV |
Lin 1993 |
ASA Meeting Abstract |
USA |
English |
15 |
15 |
under 8 years |
Ambulatory surgeries |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.75 mg.kg-1
|
Apple juice |
3 mL |
20-30 min before induction |
Sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance, behavior at venepuncture adverse events: salivation, nistagmus. |
Magar 2016 |
Article |
India |
English |
30 |
30 |
3-10 years |
Surgeries under general anesthesia |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Midazolam syrup (2 mg.mL-1) / parenteral preparation of ketamine dissolved in 5% dextrose |
According to the total dose of midazolam for each group. |
30 min before surgery |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture; Face mask acceptance hallucinations, salivation, excessive sedation |
Majidinejad 2015 |
Article |
Iran |
English |
33 |
33 |
6 months-6 years |
Brain CT |
M 0.2 + K 5 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Sugar syrup |
5 mL |
40 min before the scheduled procedure |
sedation. PONV |
Mithun 2018 |
Article |
India |
English |
50 |
50 |
2-10 years |
Elective surgeries between 20 minutes to 2 hours |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Orange syrup |
0.5 mL.kg-1 up to a maximum of 10 m L |
30 min before induction |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, PONV, nystagmus, salivation, tachycardia, bradycardia, exitement, involuntary movements, respiratory depression |
Rabie 2005 |
Article |
Egypt |
English |
30 |
30 |
3-8 years |
Tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy |
M 0.25 + K 4 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Cherry or orange syrup |
5 mL |
20 min prior to induction |
sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance, adverse events: PONV |
Ramakrishna 2018 |
Article |
India |
English |
50 |
50 |
2-10 years |
Surgeries lasting more than 30 minutes |
M 0.5 + K 3 mg.kg-1 + atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1 + atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1
|
Honey |
Up to 0,5 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture. |
Sajedi 2014 |
Article |
Iran |
Persian |
68 |
68 |
6 months-6 years |
Outpatient eye surgery |
M 0.25 + K 2.5 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Strawberry-flavored juice |
Up to 0,5 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture. PONV |
Sathyan 2006 |
Doctoral thesis |
India |
English |
25 |
25 |
1-12 years |
Surgeries lasting at least 30 minutes |
Group A - M 0.3 + K 1 mg.kg-1; Group B- M 0.3 + K 2 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Solution mixed with sugar crystals + 2-3 g of sugar crystal to chew |
Not reported |
30 min before induction |
Sedation, parental separation, behavior at venepuncture, face mask acceptance. Hiccoughs, delayed recovery |
Walia 2017 |
Article |
India |
English |
30 |
30 |
1-8 years |
Elective surgeries lasting less than 3 hours |
M 0.25 + K 3 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1
|
Acetaminophen syrup (5 mL = 120 mg) |
Up to 0,4 mL.kg-1
|
30 min before induction |
Sedation, parental separation, face mask acceptance, emergence score. Hiccoughs, delayed recovery |
Warner 1995 |
Article |
USA |
English |
20 |
20 |
1.5-7 years |
Minor outpatient surgeries |
M 0.4 + K 4 mg.kg-1 + atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1
|
0.5 mg.kg-1 + atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1
|
Cherry syrup |
1 - 2 teaspoons |
20-30 min before surgery |
Sedation, anxiolysis, parental separation, facial mask acceptance |