Heritability of yield and fruit characteristics in <i>Solanum quitoense</i> Lam.

Lagos-Santander, L. K.; Duarte-Alvarado, D. E.; Lagos-Burbano, T. C.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.285691

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Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 84 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.285691 copy

Heritability of yield and fruit characteristics in Solanum quitoense Lam.

Hereditariedade da produtividade e das características dos frutos em Solanum quitoense Lam.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) is a fruit tree of great importance for southern Colombia, given its demand and its potential as an exotic fruit in the international market. However, there is no information on variation and heritability, fundamental aspects for evaluating selection. The objective of this research was to estimate the heritability of yield, fruit weight (FW), total soluble solids (TSS) and maturity index (MI) in half-sib families (HSF) of lulo from the first cycle of recurrent selection. Strict sense heritability $(h_{e}^{2})$ across four locations in the 50 HSF were low for yield, MI and for FW, while for TSS it was high. The 50 FMH showed a high $h_{e}^{2}$ in yield in Arboleda, Cartago, Tangua and La Unión. TSS was high in all four locations. For FW it was moderate in Cartago, Tangua, La Unión and Arboleda. In MI it was high in Tangua and La Unión and low in Arboleda and Cartago. The $h_{e}^{2}$ in 10 HSF selected across four locations presented values higher than 50 HSF, with a high value for yield in Arboleda, moderate in Cartago and Tangua and low in La Unión; In FW it was high in Arboleda, Tangua and La Unión, and moderate in Cartago. The results indicate the existence of adequate genetic variance to be able to select and achieve high genetic gain in the traits evaluated in HSF of lulo.

Keywords:
yield; fruit weight; genetic progress; additive variance

*Source*	DF	MS	*EMS*	Fc
Environments (e)	e-1	MS2	$σ^{2} + g σ_{r}^{2} + g r σ_{e}^{2}$	CM2/CM4
Blocks (r)/e	e(r-1)	MS1	$σ^{2} + g σ_{r}^{2}$
HSF (g)	g-1	MS3	$σ^{2} + r l σ_{g e}^{2} + a r σ_{g}^{2}$	CM3/CM4
HSF x e (ge)	(e-1)(g-1)	MS4	$σ^{2} + r l σ_{g e}^{2}$	CM4/CM5
Error	e(g-1)(r-1)	MS5	$σ^{2}$

Source (50 HSF)	DF	Yield	FW	TSS	MI
Environment (e)	3	577.92^* * significant effects (α=0.05); CV = coefficient of variation; R2 = coefficient of determination; HSF = half-sib families; DF = degrees of freedom.	15455.74*	111.20*	6.20*
Blocks (r)/e	8	2.14*	307.86	0.52*	0.08
HSF (g)	49	11.81*	458.52*	2.39*	0.24*
HSF x e (ge)	141	11.33*	274.12*	1.34*	0.20*
Error	321	0.52	208.15	0.24	0.09
CV (%)		12.83	19.90	4.97	10.48
R²		0.96	0.62	0.89	0.67
Mean		5.60	72.51	9.83	2.90
Source (10 HSF)	DF	Yield	FW	TSS	MI
Environment (e)	3	388.43*	635.01*	9.76*	0.69*
Blocks (r)/e	12	38.82*	127.78*	1.71*	0.45*
HSF (g)	10	15.65	863.11*	2.03*	0.98*
HSF x e (ge)	30	9.38*	106.22*	0.46	0.13
Error	120	4.93	66.92	0.47	0.10
CV (%)		24.71	8.25	7.32	10.48
R²		0.78	0.66	0.59	0.64
Mean		8.98	99.20	9.40	2.99

*Parameter*	*Yield*	FW	TSS	MI
$σ_{g}^{2}$	0.04	15.37	0.09	0.00
$σ_{A}^{2}$	0.16	61.47	0.35	0.01
$σ_{g e}^{2}$	2.65	16.16	0.27	0.03
$σ_{F}^{2}$	0.75	36.75	0.17	0.02
$σ_{e}^{2}$	0.52	208.15	0.24	0.09
$h_{e}^{2}$	5.37	41.81	50.04	18.97
CV_g	3.57	5.41	3.01	1.99
CV_A	7.14	10.81	6.02	3.98
CV_F	15.42	8.36	4.25	4.57
CV_e	12.83	19.90	4.97	10.48
Mo	5.60	72.51	9.83	2.90
Ms	7.14	80.07	10.52	3.13
SD	1.54	7.56	0.69	0.23
∆G	0.01	0.72	0.06	0.01
∆G(%)	0.24	1.00	0.61	0.25
GG	0.09	3.60	0.39	0.05

*Par*		*Arboleda*						*Cartago*
*Par*	*Yield*	FW			*TSS*	MI	*Yield*	FW		*TSS*	MI
$σ_{e}^{2}$	0.46	190.61			0.17	0.12	0.77	284.70		0.32	0.09
$σ_{g}^{2}$	1.75	13.50			0.07	0.004	9.90	55.96		0.22	0.01
$σ_{A}^{2}$	7.01	53.99			0.29	0.02	39.61	223.86		0.88	0.05
$σ_{F}^{2}$	2.21	204.11			0.24	0.13	10.68	340.67		0.54	0.10
$h_{e}^{2} (%)$	*92.00*	*18.00*			*57.00*	*10.00*	*98.00*	*38.00*		*68.00*	*29.00*
CV_g	20.48	6.21			2.96	2.22	45.27	9.62		5.14	3.80
CV_A	40.99	12.41			6.02	4.96	90.56	19.23		10.27	8.50
CV_F	23.01	24.14			5.47	12.65	47.02	23.72		8.05	12.02
CV_e	10.50	23.33			4.61	12.15	12.63	21.69		6.20	11.41
Mo	6.46	59.19			8.95	2.85	6.95	77.80		9.13	2.63
Ms	8.50	74.15			9.49	3.21	12.08	93.55		9.78	2.93
SD	2.04	14.96			0.54	0.36	5.13	15.75		0.65	0.30
∆G	0.39	0.73			0.08	0.01	0.91	2.00		0.14	0.03
∆G(%)	6.03	1.24			0.89	0.36	13.12	2.57		1.56	0.99
GG	2.14	3.07			0.35	0.04	5.73	6.82		0.50	0.10
*Par*	*Tangua*						*La Unión*
*Par*	*Yield*		FW	*TSS*		MI	*Yield*	FW	*TSS*			MI
$σ_{e}^{2}$	0.48		114.67	0.17		0.06	0.30	256.05	0.30			0.10
$σ_{g}^{2}$	1.93		22.41	0.49		0.04	0.36	56.06	3.82			0.08
$σ_{A}^{2}$	7.73		89.64	1.95		0.25	1.42	224.23	15.28			0.31
$σ_{F}^{2}$	2.41		137.08	0.66		0.13	0.66	312.10	4.12			0.18
$h_{e}^{2} (%)$	*93.00*		*37.00*	*90.00*		*76.00*	*78.0*	*40.00*	*97.00*			*69.00*
CV_g	22.23		5.68	6.62		6.58	27.27	11.12	18.25			9.09
CV_A	44.48		11.36	13.20		16.45	54.17	22.24	36.50			17.90
CV_F	24.84		14.04	7.68		11.86	36.93	26.23	18.95			13.64
CV_e	11.09		12.84	3.90		8.06	24.90	23.76	5.11			10.17
Mo	6.25		83.38	10.58		3.04	2.20	67.34	10.71			3.11
Ms	8.28		93.63	11.78		3.54	3.34	85.7	12.38			3.57
SD	2.03		10.25	1.20		0.50	1.14	18.36	1.67			0.46
∆G	0.41		1.23	0.21		0.08	0.18	2.01	0.56			0.08
∆G(%)	6.58		1.48	1.97		2.57	8.20	2.99	5.23			2.68
GG	2.15		4.32	1.23		0.43	1.01	8.36	1.85			0.36

*Parameter*	*Yield*	FW	*TSS*	MI
$σ_{g}^{2}$	0.39	47.31	0.10	0.05
$σ_{A}^{2}$	1.57	189.22	0.39	0.21
$σ_{g e}^{2}$	1.00	8.84	0.00	0.01
$σ_{F}^{2}$	0.95	53.70	0.13	0.06
$σ_{e}^{2}$	4.93	66.92	0.47	0.10
$h_{e}^{2}$	41.24	88.09	77.30	87.00
CV_g	6.97	6.93	3.33	7.71
CV_A	13.94	13.87	6.66	15.42
CV_F	10.85	7.39	3.84	8.19
CV_e	24.73	8.25	7.29	10.58
Mean	8.98	99.20	9.40	2.99
∆G	0.11	1.84	0.08	0.06
∆G(%)	1.27	1.85	0.83	2.05

*Par*	*Arboleda*		*Cartago*		*Tangua*		*La Unión*
*Par*	*Yield*	FW	*Yield*	FW	*Yield*	FW	*Yield*	FW
$σ_{e}^{2}$	3.45	71.45	6.49	82.51	7.62	39.83	2.15	73.91
$σ_{g}^{2}$	3.55	67.02	0.89	15.65	1.52	49.85	0.07	95.82
$σ_{A}^{2}$	14.19	268.09	3.56	62.61	6.07	199.40	0.27	383.27
$σ_{F}^{2}$	7.00	138.48	7.38	98.16	9.14	89.68	2.22	169.72
$h_{e}^{2}$	*80.45*	*78.96*	*35.40*	*43.15*	*44.33*	*83.35*	*11.13*	*83.83*
CV_g	16.36	7.89	10.64	4.02	11.52	7.06	5.46	10.35
CV_A	32.70	15.78	21.27	8.04	23.03	14.12	10.71	20.69
CV_F	22.97	11.34	30.63	10.07	28.25	9.47	30.72	13.77
CV_e	16.12	8.15	28.72	9.23	25.80	6.31	30.23	9.09
Media	11.52	103.77	8.87	98.36	10.7	100.03	4.85	94.62
∆G	0.61	2.65	0.27	1.22	0.38	2.25	0.05	3.11
∆G(%)	5.26	2.55	3.09	1.24	3.57	2.25	0.97	3.29

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