Diet and between-tissue isotope comparisons reveal different foraging strategies for age and sex of a Saffron Finch (<i>Sicalis flaveola</i> Linnaeus, 1766) population

Silva, E. M. L.; Costa, F. J. V.; Nardoto, G. B.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.282844

E. M. L. Silva ^**e-mail address: emanueleco997@gmail.com

Universidade de Brasília – UnB, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-6197

F. J. V. Costa

Instituto Nacional de Criminalística – INC, Polícia Federal, Brasília, DF, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1597-7079

G. B. Nardoto

Universidade de Brasília – UnB, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-7417

*e-mail address: emanueleco997@gmail.com

Figures (4)
Tables (2)

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Figure 1
Variation in blood δ¹³C over the months for yellow females (in yellow; A), yellow males (in orange; B), and dull individuals (in gray; C). Variation of blood δ¹⁵N over the months for yellow females (in yellow; D), yellow males (in orange; E), and dulls (in gray; F). The central line shows the median, and the bottom and top of the box are the first and fourth quartiles.

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Figure 2
Distribution of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values with the position of each individual sampled from the category of females (in yellow) and yellow males (in orange), and dull (in gray), and the mean values and standard deviation for each feather type (breast, forehead, tail, and wing).

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Figure 3
Estimation of the width of the isotopic niche space of yellow females (yellow dots), yellow males (orange dots), and dull individuals (gray dots) of Saffron Finch with the isotopic values of wing feathers. The boxes on the right indicate credibility intervals of 95, 75 and 50% and the dots represent the SEA.B value.

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Figure 4
Bayesian plot of the posterior probability distribution of niche region metric (%) for yellow females (in yellow), yellow males (in orange) and dull individuals (in gray) of Saffron Finch. The posterior means are represented by solid lines, and the 95% credibility intervals by dotted lines; both are displayed in turquoise color.

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Table 1
Variation in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N (mean ± SE) in blood for yellow females, yellow males and dull individuals. Each line of the table represents the comparisons made using the Kruskall-wallis test.

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Table 2
Variation in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N (mean ± standard deviation) of blood and different feathers (breast, forehead, tail, and wing) for yellow males, yellow females, and dull individuals. For each line in the table, the paired difference indicates the difference in isotopic values between blood and feathers from the same individuals in each category, and the paired comparison indicates the significance of this respective difference.

Sampling months	Isotope	Category			Kruskall-wallis
Sampling months	Isotope	Yellow female	Yellow male	Dull	H	df	P
January 2017	δ¹³C	-11.9±0.3	-12±0.5	-12±0.4	0.56	2	0.97
January 2017	δ¹⁵N	6.1±0.4	5.6±0.4	5.8±0.6	2.06	2	0.35
March 2017	δ¹³C	-11.3±0.1	-12.3±2.5	-11.6±0.8	0.04	2	0.97
March 2017	δ¹⁵N	6.2±0.2	5.8±0.4	5.8±0.5	3.06	2	0.21
May 2017	δ¹³C	-11.4±0.1	-11.3±0.4	-11.7±0.3	2.94	2	0.22
May 2017	δ¹⁵N	4,9±0.7	5.8±0.6	5.5±0.5	3.41	2	0.18
July 2017	δ¹³C	-11.6±0.5	-12.4±0.8	-12±0.3	2.2	2	0.32
July 2017	δ¹⁵N	5.5±0.8	5.3±0.5	5.9±0.5	2.4	2	0.29
October 2017	δ¹³C	-13.6±NA	-13.2±0.2	-12.2±0.5	8.4	2	0.01
October 2017	δ¹⁵N	6.1±NA	6.3±0.5	3.8±0.5	8.26	2	0.01
December 2017	δ¹³C	-13.6±0.4	-12.7±0.8	-13.7±2.3	2.62	2	0.26
December 2017	δ¹⁵N	5.8±0.7	6.7±0.8	6.7±0.8	1.89	2	0.38
March 2018	δ¹³C	-12.9±2.1	-11.2±0.5	-11.5±0.4	3.37	2	0.18
March 2018	δ¹⁵N	6.3±0.3	5.6±0.7	6.3±0.9	3.53	2	0.17

Category	Feather types (N° of samples)	Isotope	Blood	Feather	Paired differences	Pair-wise test
Yellow Female	Breast (13)	δ¹³C	-12.1±1.2	-10.2±0.5	1.9±1.3	P<0.0001
	Breast (13)	δ¹⁵N	5.7±0.7	6.3±1	0.6±1.2	P<0.03
	Forehead (6)	δ¹³C	- 12.2±1.1	- 10.7±0.6	1.5±1.3	P = 0.02
	Forehead (6)	δ¹⁵N	5.8±0.6	5.7±0.9	0.1±1	P = 1
	Tail (9)	δ¹³C	- 11.6±0.3	-10.5±0.6	1.1±0.7	P = 0.01
	Tail (9)	δ¹⁵N	5.5±0.7	6.6±0.9	1.1±1.1	P = 0.001
	Wing (13)	δ¹³C	- 12.1±1.2	-10.2±0.5	1.8±1.3	P < 0.0001
	Wing (13)	δ¹⁵N	5.7±0.7	6.3±1	0.5±1.7	P = 0.056
Yellow Male	Breast (27)	δ¹³C	- 12.2±1.6	-10.6±1	1.6±1.1	P<0.0001
	Breast (27)	δ¹⁵N	5.8±0.7	6.5±0.8	0.7±0.1	P = 0.004
	Forehead (27)	δ¹³C	- 12.3±1.6	-10.9±1.1	1.4±1.9	P<0.0001
	Forehead (27)	δ¹⁵N	5.8±0.1	6±0.7	0.2±1	P=0.5
	Tail (22)	δ¹³C	-12.2±1.6	-10.9±1.1	1.3±2.2	P<0.0001
	Tail (22)	δ¹⁵N	5.7±0.1	6±0.7	0.9±1.1	P<0.0001
	Wing (30)	δ¹³C	- 12.1±1.5	-10.7±1.8	1.4±2.3	P<0.0001
	Wing (30)	δ¹⁵N	5.9±0.7	6.5±1.1	0.6±1.3	P=0.002
Dull	Breast (37)	δ¹³C	- 11.7±0.7	-10.4±0.5	1.3±1.4	P<0.0001
	Breast (37)	δ¹⁵N	5.7±0.1	6.4±0.1	0.7±1	P<0.0001
	Forehead (22)	δ¹³C	-11.7±0.5	-10.7±0.5	1,0±1.4	P<0.0001
	Forehead (22)	δ¹⁵N	5.9±0.5	6.3±1	0.4±1	P=0.06
	Tail (42)	δ¹³C	-11.7±0.1	-10.1±0.1	1.6±1.8	P<0.0001
	Tail (42)	δ¹⁵N	5.8±0.1	6.2±0.1	0.3±1.1	P=0.01
	Wing (55)	δ¹³C	- 12±1.1	- 10.4±1.3	1.8±0.2	P<0.0001
	Wing (55)	δ¹⁵N	5.6±0.7	6±0.7	0.4±1.5	P=0.02

[1] *e-mail address: emanueleco997@gmail.com

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Brasil

Diet and between-tissue isotope comparisons reveal different foraging strategies for age and sex of a Saffron Finch (Sicalis flaveola Linnaeus, 1766) population

A dieta e comparações isotópicas entre os tecidos revelam diferentes estratégias de forrageamento para idade e sexo de uma população de canário-da-terra (Sicalis flaveola Linnaeus, 1766)

Abstract