Correlation of genome methylation of fig tree accessions with natural nematode and rust incidence

Rodrigues, M. G. F.; Firmino, A. C.; Valentim, J. J.; Pavan, B. E.; Ferreira, A. F. A.; Monteiro, L. N. H.; Ramos, E. S.; Soutello, R. V. G.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.263041

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Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 84 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.263041 linkcopy

Correlation of genome methylation of fig tree accessions with natural nematode and rust incidence

Correlação entre a metilação genômica de acessos de figueira e a incidência natural de nematoides e ferrugem

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Commercial fig tree cultivation in Brazil involves a single cultivar, ‘Roxo-de-Valinhos’. The use of a single cultivar results in serious diseases and related problems. The aim of this study was to characterize fig accessions by analyzing the natural root-knot nematode and leaf rust incidence in relation to the epigenomic profile of the plant, since epigenetic variations affect plant–pathogen interactions. All plants were attacked by nematodes, indicating susceptibility; Meloidogyne incognita was the root-knot nematode species involved. Joint analysis of data showed that methylation and leaf rust incidence were correlated when observed in the same phenological phase, presenting initial evidence of the same factorial pressure loads in genotypes, suggesting similar behavior within these genotypes.

Keywords: Ficus carica L.; Meloidogyne incognita; Cerotelium fici; epigenetics; phenotypic plasticity

TREATMENT	ACCESSION	PLACE OF ORIGIN
1	Calimyrna	São José do Rio Preto
2	Nobile	IAC¹ 1 Instituto Agronômico de Campinas.
3	Genovese	IAC¹
4	Roxo-de-Valinhos A	São Sebastião do Paraíso
5	Stanford	IAC¹
6	White Adriatic	IAC¹
7	Bonato	IAC¹
8	White Genoa A	São José do Rio Preto
9	White Genoa B	IAC¹
10	Smyrna A	IAC¹
11	Smyrna B	São José do Rio Preto
12	Brunswick	IAC¹
13	Caprifig A	IAC¹
14	Pingo de Mel	Ilha Solteira
15	Roxo-de-Valinhos Gigante	Ilha Solteira
16	Palestine	Campinas
17	Trojan	IAC¹
18	Red	Piracicaba
19	PI 440	Ilha Solteira
20	PI 301 (lost)	Ilha Solteira
21	PI 189	Ilha Solteira
22	PI 214	Ilha Solteira
23	PI 433	Ilha Solteira
24	Nazareth	Spain
25	Cuello Negro	Spain
26	Roxo-de-Valinhos B	Ilha Solteira
27	Accession 27	Monte Alto
28	Accession 28	Monte Alto
29	Accession 29	Monte Alto
30	Accession 30	Monte Alto
31	Accession 31	Monte Alto
32	Accession 32	Monte Alto
33	Accession 33	Monte Alto
34	Accession 34	Monte Alto
35	Accession 35	Monte Alto
36	Accession 36	Monte Alto
37	Accession 47	Bahia
38	Accession 44	Piracicaba
39	Accession 46	Piracicaba
40	Caprifig B	Ilha Solteira
41	Accession 41	Monte Alto
42	Accession 42	Monte Alto
43	Mini Fig	IAC¹
44	Black	Piracicaba
45	Turkey	Campinas

TREATMENT	ACCESSION	FFN (%)	FFM (%)	FFB (%)	Mean
1	Calimyrna	0 a	13 a	18 a	10.6 a
2	Nobile	1 a	27 b	25 b	17.4 a
3	Genovese	0 a	6 a	20 a	8.70 a
4	Roxo-de-Valinhos A	0 a	0 a	12 a	3.9 a
5	Stanford	0 a	1 a	5 a	1.90 a
6	White Adriatic	3 a	19 a	20 a	14.1 a
7	Bonato	6 a	23 a	87 c	38.7 b
8	White Genoa A	0 a	8 a	14 a	7.40 a
9	White Genoa B	0 a	1 a	23 a	8.20 a
10	Smyrna A	13 a	34 b	77 c	41.3 b
11	Smyrna B	2 a	5 a	14 a	6.80 a
12	Brunswick	1 a	0 a	7 a	2.60 a
13	Caprifig A	20 a	27 b	45 b	30.6 b
14	Pingo de Mel	27 b	0 a	3 a	10.0 a
15	Roxo-de-Valinhos Gigante	43 b	3 a	58 b	34.8 b
16	Palestine	2 a	14 a	44 b	20.0 a
17	Trojan	5 a	14 a	32 b	16.9 a
18	Red	2 a	39 b	70 c	36.8 b
19	PI 440	0 a	65 c	40 b	35.0 b
20	PI 301	-	-	-	-
21	PI 189	60 c	5 a	90 c	51.7 b
22	PI 214	20 a	5 a	15 a	13.3 a
23	PI 433	0 a	25 b	90 c	38.3 b
24	Nazareth	0 a	40 b	60 c	33.3 b
25	Cuello Negro	0 a	50 b	0 a	16.7 a
26	Roxo-de-Valinhos B	7 a	41 b	23 a	23.7 a
27	Accession 27	0 a	15 a	48 b	21.1 a
28	Accession 28	0 a	20 a	80 c	33.3 a
29	Accession 29	5 a	8 a	33 b	15.6 a
30	Accession 30	2 a	43 b	43 b	29.4 b
31	Accession 31	0 a	0 a	35 b	11.7 a
32	Accession 32	0 a	28 b	70 c	32.5 b
33	Accession 33	12 a	8 a	20 a	13.30 a
34	Accession 34	2 a	3 a	37 b	13.90 a
35	Accession 35	0 a	3 a	5 a	2.50 a
36	Accession 36	2 a	15 a	45 b	20.6 a
37	Accession 47	10 a	2 a	43 b	18.3 a
38	Accession 44	0 a	3 a	43 b	15.6 a
39	Accession 46	0 a	3 a	5 a	2.50 a
40	Caprifig B	0 a	7 a	8 a	5.00 a
41	Accession 41	2 a	0 a	0 a	0.60 a
42	Accession 42	0 a	5 a	5 a	3.30 a
43	Mini Fig	8 a	23 a	13 a	15.0 a
44	Black	3 a	37 b	35 b	25.0 b
45	Turkey	0 a	0 a	8 a	2.50 a

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