Chemical characterization and antioxidant potential of native fruits of the Cerrado of northern Minas Gerais

Nascimento, Amanda Laís Alves Almeida; Brandi, Igor Viana; Durães, Carla Adriana Ferreira; Lima, Juliana Pinto de; Soares, Sandro Braga; Mesquita, Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/1981-6723.29619

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Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Braz. J. Food Technol. 23 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.29619 copy

Chemical characterization and antioxidant potential of native fruits of the Cerrado of northern Minas Gerais

Caracterização química e potencial antioxidante de frutos nativos do Cerrado norte mineiro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aimed to chemically characterize the pulps of the tropical fruits araticum (Annona crassiflora), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), coquinho azedo (Butia capitata), cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica), and cajá (Spondias mombin), with a focus on antioxidant potential and microminerals. Calcium levels in the Araticum pulp are 9.35 mg/100 g and the iron content was 4.78 mg/100 g. In cagaita pulp, the calcium content was 15.35 mg/100 g and magnesium content was 66.00 mg/100 g. The iron content present in coquinho pulp was 11.47 mg/100 g and in cagaita it was 11.53 mg/100 g. The extracts with the highest contents of total phenolic compounds were araticum (433.80 mg GAE/g) and coquinho (173.5 mg GAE/g). Araticum pulp had the highest antioxidant potential because it had the lowest EC50 (0.04 mg/mL). The results presented here demonstrate the great potential of the fruits of the Cerrado in terms of rich mineral nutrients and bioactive compounds.

Keywords:
Bioactive compounds; Micronutrients; Fruit pulp; Araticum; Buriti; Coquinho azedo; Cagaita; Cajá

Fruit pulps	Moisture (% m/m)	Protein (% m/m)	Ash (% m/m)	Lipids (% m/m)	Total carbohydrates (% m/m)	Caloric value (kcal/100 g)
Araticum	71.42 ± 0.39^d	1.51 ± 0.22^a	0.54 ± 0.02^a	3.11 ± 0.04^b	23.42 ± 0.20^a	127.71 ± 1.75^b
Buriti	70.65 ± 0.19^e	1.26 ± 0.37^ab	0.56 ± 0.03^a	11.29 ± 0.08^a	16.24 ± 0.39^b	171.61 ± 1.20^a
Cagaita	92.44 ± 0.27^a	1.14 ± 0.29^ab	0.04 ± 0.01^c	0.05 ± 0.01^d	6.33 ± 0.46^d	30.33 ± 1.04^e
Cajá	84.87 ± 0.35^c	0.86 ± 0.20^ab	0.17 ± 0.05^b	0.03 ± 0.02^d	14.07 ± 0.34^c	59.99 ± 1.29^c
Coquinho	90.00 ± 0.06^e	0.83 ± 0.07^b	0.54 ± 0.07^a	2.62 ± 0.14^c	6.01 ± 0.12^d	50.94 ± 1.08^d

Fruit pulps	Soluble solids (°Brix)	pH	Titratable acidity (g/100 g)	L*	C*	h*
Araticum	17.37 ± 0.58^a	4.02 ± 0.02^a	0.45 ± 0.02^c	58.19 ± 0.95^a	8.41 ± 0.06^b	75.45 ± 0.01^b
Buriti	2.17 ± 0.29^d	4.17 ± 0.26^a	0.73 ± 0.09^b	38.50 ± 1.01^d	8.58 ± 0.14^b	68.63 ± 0.02^c
Cagaita	5.40 ± 0.36^c	3.07 ± 0.06^c	0.31 ± 0.01^d	50.62 ± 0.35^b	6.59 ± 0.68^c	-79.73 ± 0.02^e
Cajá	15.17 ± 0.14^b	2.49 ± 0.01^d	1.21 ± 0.01^a	42.60 ± 0.10^c	6.79 ± 0.05^c	-86.87 ± 0.00^d
Coquinho	5.75 ± 0.00^c	3.41 ± 0.01^b	1.16 ± 0.01^a	56.53 ± 0.10^a	10.65 ± 0.01^a	81.94 ± 0.00^a

Fruit pulps	Sodium* (mg/100 g)	Calcium (mg/100 g)	Magnesium (mg/100 g)	Zinc (mg/100 g)	Iron (mg/100 g)	Copper (mg/100 g)	Manganese (mg/100 g)
Araticum	3.72 ± 1.26^a	9.35 ± 0.86^c	56.67 ± 2.36^a	0.35 ± 0.08^d	4.78 ± 0.52^b	0.61 ± 0.01^b	0.60 ± 0.01^c
% DRI	-	1	22	5	34	67	26
Buriti	6.30 ± 0.41^a	36.93 ± 0.64^a	37.33 ± 2.93^b	1.13 ± 0.04^b	2.37 ± 0.62^c	0.35 ± 0.03^c	4.69 ± 0.34^a
% DRI	-	4	14	16	17	39	204
Cagaita	6.63 ± 1.36^a	15.35 ± 2.23^c	66.00 ± 6.06^a	2.31 ± 0.10^a	11.53 ± 1.82a	0.63 ± 0.02^b	1.56 ± 0.07^b
% DRI	-	2	25	33	82	69	68
Cajá	4.16 ± 0.68^a	23.66 ± 3.12^b	45.50 ± 2.12^ab	0.06 ± 0.06^d	1.22 ± 0.44^c	0.24 ± 0.01^d	0.42 ± 0.01^c
% DRI	-	2	18	1	9	27	18
Coquinho	6.64 ± 0.06^a	31.64 ± 4.22^a	62.50 ± 1.80^a	0.69 ± 0.06^c	11.47 ± 1.60^a	0.69 ± 0.02^a	1.79 ± 0.04^b
% DRI	-	3	24	10	82	76	78

Fruit pulp	Total phenolics (mg GAE/100 g)	EC50 (mg/mL)
Araticum	433.75 ± 0.07^a	0.04 ± 0.04^d
Buriti	90.24 ± 0.01^c	3.27 ± 0.25^b
Cagaita	143.81 ± 0.03^b	0.73 ± 0.08^c
Cajá	58.27 ± 0.01^c	4.68 ± 0.06^a
Coquinho	173.49 ± 0.06^b	0.77 ± 0.12^c

Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos - ITAL Av. Brasil, 2880, 13070-178 Campinas - SP / Brasil, Tel 55 19 3743-1762 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bjftsec@ital.sp.gov.br

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[1] *Corresponding Author: Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho Mesquita, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Campus Montes Claros, Avenida Universitária, 1000, Bairro Universitário, CEP: 39404-547, Montes Claros/MG - Brasil, e-mail: brunamara.carvalho@gmail.com