A preserved early Ediacaran magmatic arc at the northernmost portion of the Transversal Zone central subprovince of the Borborema Province, Northeastern South America

Neves, Benjamim Bley de Brito; Santos, Edilton José dos; Fuck, Reinhardt Adolfo; Santos, Lauro César Montefalco Lira

doi:10.1590/2317-4889201620160004

Benjamim Bley de Brito Neves ^*Corresponding author.

Full Professor, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. E-mail: bbleybn@usp.br

Edilton José dos Santos

Senior Geologist, Brazilian Geological Survey, Recife (PE), Brazil. E-mail: edilton.santos@cprm.gov.br

Reinhardt Adolfo Fuck

Emeritus Professor, Instituto Geociências, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, Brasília (DF), Brazil. E-mail: reinhardt@unb.br

Lauro César Montefalco Lira Santos

Assistant Professor, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG, Campina Grande (PB), Brazil. E-mail: lauromontefalco@gmail.com

Corresponding author.

Figures (8)
Tables (3)

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Figure 1:
Sketch of the main tectonic elements of the Borborema Province (mostly based on previous schemes by Brito Neves et al. 2000Brito Neves B.B., Santos E.J., Van Schmus W.R. 2000. Tectonic History of the Borborema Province. : Cordani U.G., Milani E.J., Thomaz Filho A., Almeida D.A. (eds.). Tectonic Evolution of South America 31th Interntational Geological Congress, Rio de Janeiro, p.151-182., Oliveira 2008Oliveira R.G. 2008. Arcabouço geofísico, isostasia e causas do magmatismo cenozóico da Província Borborema e de sua margem continental (Nordeste do Brasil) PhD thesis, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 411p., Brito Neves et al. 2015bBrito Neves B.B., Santos E.J., Fuck R.A. 2015b. An Early Ediacaran magmatic arc at the northernmost part of the Transversal Zone - The Central Domain of the Borborema Province, Northeast of South America. Hutton Symposium, 8., Florianópolis. CD-ROM.), displaying: (A) Northwest of the province (Médio Coreaú - MCO), to the west of Kandi-Transbrasiliano Lineament; (B) northern domains, north of the Patos Lineament (Ceará Central, Orós-Jaguaribe, Rio Grande do Norte terranes); (C) central subprovince - Transversal Zone, between Patos (LPT) and Pernambuco (LPE) lineaments; (D) southern subprovince, comprising Pernambuco-Alagoas (PEAL) superterrane and the belts marginal to the northern periphery of São Francisco Craton (SFC): Sergipano (SE), Riacho do Pontal (SRP) and Rio Preto (RP).

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Figure 2:
Sketch of the Transversal Zone and surroundings based on recent maps and authors, showing the main basement inliers (terranes) and Neoproterozoic fold belts and intrusions ( and ), considered as the main elements of an Early Ediacaran magmatic arc. Note the shear zone to the north, related to the Patos Lineament (keirogen). The Pernambuco-Alagoas superterrane, part of the Riacho do Pontal fold system and a small fraction of the northern São Francisco Craton are located to the south of the Pernambuco Lineament.

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Figure 3:
Tectonic sketch of the Borborema Province, trying to highlight the main known Neoproterozoic (Cryogenian-Ediacaran) accretionary orogenic developments: (A) the NNE-SSW trending Tamboril-Santa Quitéria, west of Ceará state; (B) north of the E-NE/W-SW trending Transversal Zone, object of this paper; (C) parallel to (and following) the northern margin of the São Francisco Craton. A probable former connection between (A) and (B) is suggested in this sketch.

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Figure 4:
Granitoids and syenitoids of the Transversal Zone represented in Pearce et al. (1984Pearce J.A., Harris N.B.W., Tindle A.G. 1984. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology , 25(4):956-983. doi: 10.1093/petrology/25.4.956.
https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/25.4.9... ) tectonic discriminant diagram (log Rb vs . log Y+Nb). Adapted from Ferreira et al. (2004Ferreira V.P., Sial A.N., Pimentel M.M., Moura C.A.V. 2004. Intermediate to acidic magmatism and crustal evolution in the Transversal Zone, Northeastern Brazil. : Mantesso-Neto V., Bartorelli A., Carneiro C.D.R., Brito Neves B.B. (eds.). Geologia do Continente Sul-Americano - Evolução da Obra de Fernando Flávio Marques de Almeida. Beca, São Paulo, p.189-201.). (A) 650-620 Ma group: mEp-bearing HKCA: magmatic epidote-bearing high-K calc alkalic; mEp-bearing CA: magmatic epidote bearing calc alkalic; mEp-bearing SH: magmatic epidote-bearing shoshonitic; (B) 590-540 Ma group: trondh.: trondhjemitic (mostly plotting in the VAG field); mEp-free HKCA: magmatic epidote-free high-K calc alkalic; MHK syenites: mafic high-K syenites; Ultrapotassic rocks; Up: ultrapotassic dikes; peralkalic dikes.

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Figure 5:
Photos of the main Conceição-type granodiorites and tonalites. (A) Curral de Cima granodiorite with different mafic enclaves, at the easternmost part of the accretionary development. Locally, low-K metabasalts taken as probable remnants of oceanic crust occur (Brito Neves et al. 2008Brito Neves B.B., Mantovani M.S.M., Moraes C.F., Sigolo J.B. 2008. As anomalias geológicas e geofísicas ao norte de Itapororoca (PB), folha Guarabira. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 38(1):1-23., Sial & Ferreira 2015Sial A.N., Ferreira V.P. 2015. Magma association in Ediacaran granitoids of the Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro and Alto Pajeú terranes, northeastern Brazil: forty years of studies. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 68:113-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jsames.2015.10.005.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2015.10... ); (B) Emas Batholith exhibiting mafic/dioritic enclaves of K- dioritic composition containing amphibole-rich cloths. Some of the enclaves present characteristics of low-K metabasalts. Near Emas township; (C) K-dioritic enclaves surrounded by a coarse-grained granodioritic matrix. Between Emas and Olhos d'Água (Goist 1989Goist T.O. 1989. Petrology and geochemistry of the Emas pluton, Northeastern Brazil Master Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 157p.; ); (D) magma mixing in the Brejinho pluton, presenting E-W flow strike with subvertical dip. Nicknamed "leopard skin", it occurs in the Brejinho township; (E) Channel of pillow-like K-diorite in a more granodioritic matrix, 29 km SW of Brejinho (Torres 2001Torres H.H.F. 2001. Petrologia e geoquímica do batólito cálcio-alcalino de alto-K de Brejinho, domínio da Zona Transversal, Província Borborema, NE do Brasil . Tese de Doutorado, Universidade de Pernambuco, 185p.; ); (F) Conceição granodiorite presenting small polygonal and sub-rounded K-dioritic enclaves, without structural orientation. Conceição township, typical locality; (G) large K-dioritic enclaves exhibiting centimeter-sized fragments and amphibole-rich cloths. Between Conceição and Ibiara (Barriga 1983Barriga V.M.F. 1983. Petrologia e geoquímica das rochas plutônicas de Conceição-Itaporanga (PB) . Dissertação de Mestrado, Centro de Ciências Geofísicas e Geológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 146p, Cunha 1994Cunha M.A.L. 1994. Petrologia, geoquimica e profundidade de posicionamento dos stocks granodioríticos-tonalíticos de Boa Ventura, Conceição e Pedra Branca, Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil . Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 160p.; ); (H) Tavares pluton of syenogranitic to monzogranitic composition with a great amount of large mafic enclaves; (I) concentric magmatic (rhythmic) structure with an elliptical section. Felsic and mafic bands (biotite rich) alternating almost regularly. The core is formed of K-feldspar megacrystals (photo from Pessoa, 2001Pessoa R.J.R. 2001. Mecanismos de alojamento e construção do batólito granítico neoproterozoico de Tavares, Estado da Paraíba - Nordeste do Brasil Tese de Doutorado, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 218p.).

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Figure 6:
Photos of the Itaporanga-type granites. (A) Local concentration of K-feldspar crystals and mafic enclaves (K-dioritic composition). The general flow orientation is locally not preserved; (B) K-diorite enclaves in the Itaporanga granite (main quarry, near Itaporanga township) and typical porphyritic granite, both following the igneous flow (Mariano 1989Mariano G. 1989. Magma mixing origin of Potassic Calk-alkaline pluton: the Itaporanga Batholith, state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil Master dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, 180p., Mariano et al. 1990Mariano G., Sial A.N. 1990. Coexistence and mixing of magmas in the late precambrian Itaporanga Batholith, State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 20:101-110.); (C) porphyritic (K-feldspar) granites predominate. Composition grading from K-diorite to granite. Weak flow orientation of K-feldspar crystals.

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Figure 7:
Photos of the felsic dykes. (A) Felsic subconcordant dikes intrusive in low-grade schists ("Salgueiro group"); km 540, BR-232, west of Salgueiro, Pernambuco; (B) felsic dikes (rhyodacitic composition) along a road cut of the "Transnordestina railway", alternating with low-grade schists of the "Cachoeirinha Group"; north of Salgueiro, Pernambuco; (C) Stretched felsic dikes presenting "boudinage" near Curral Velho, Paraíba. Rhyolitic to rhyodacitic compositions (Brito 2014Brito M.F.L. 2014. Metavulcânicas ácidas do Complexo Salgueiro: caracterização e comparação com aquelas do Complexo Riacho Gravatá e Grupo Cachoeirinha, Zona Transversal, Província Borborema, NE Brasil. : Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 47., Salvador. Anais.. . Salvador: SBG, p.121.; ).

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Figure 8:
(A) General N-S geological section from the foreland (Rio Grande do Norte Terrane) to the back-arc domains (Alto Moxotó - TAM, and probably PEAL terranes), passing through different petrotectonic environments: keirogen, boundary transform (Patos Lineament), forearc basin (Rio Salgado Belt), Neoproterozoic belts pierced by the arc plutonism, and the back arc domains (TAM, PEAL); (B) proposed preliminary (hypothetical) draft of the plate-interaction events during Late Cryogenian-Early Edicaran times (), highlighting the geological and geophysical differences between the two plate segments, presently exposed.

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Table 1:
Main supersuites and suites of igneous rocks of the Transversal Zone, central subprovince of the Neoproterozoic Borborema Structural Province (Santos & Medeiros 1999Santos E.J., Medeiros V.C. 1999. Constraints from granitic plutonism on proterozoic crustal growth of the Transverse Zone, Broborema Province, NE Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 29(1):73-84.).

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Table 2:
Examples of the main granitic plutons of the Transversal Zone with their main characteristics, according to available academic theses, dissertations and other published papers.

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Table 3:
Comparison between the lithospheric domains (plates) separated by the Patos Lineament.

Figure 5: Photos of the main Conceição-type granodiorites and tonalites. (A) Curral de Cima granodiorite with different mafic enclaves, at the easternmost part of the accretionary development. Locally, low-K metabasalts taken as probable remnants of oceanic crust occur (Brito Neves et al. 2008Brito Neves B.B., Mantovani M.S.M., Moraes C.F., Sigolo J.B. 2008. As anomalias geológicas e geofísicas ao norte de Itapororoca (PB), folha Guarabira. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 38(1):1-23., Sial & Ferreira 2015Sial A.N., Ferreira V.P. 2015. Magma association in Ediacaran granitoids of the Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro and Alto Pajeú terranes, northeastern Brazil: forty years of studies. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 68:113-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jsames.2015.10.005.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2015.10... ); (B) Emas Batholith exhibiting mafic/dioritic enclaves of K- dioritic composition containing amphibole-rich cloths. Some of the enclaves present characteristics of low-K metabasalts. Near Emas township; (C) K-dioritic enclaves surrounded by a coarse-grained granodioritic matrix. Between Emas and Olhos d'Água (Goist 1989Goist T.O. 1989. Petrology and geochemistry of the Emas pluton, Northeastern Brazil Master Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 157p.; Tab. 2); (D) magma mixing in the Brejinho pluton, presenting E-W flow strike with subvertical dip. Nicknamed "leopard skin", it occurs in the Brejinho township; (E) Channel of pillow-like K-diorite in a more granodioritic matrix, 29 km SW of Brejinho (Torres 2001Torres H.H.F. 2001. Petrologia e geoquímica do batólito cálcio-alcalino de alto-K de Brejinho, domínio da Zona Transversal, Província Borborema, NE do Brasil . Tese de Doutorado, Universidade de Pernambuco, 185p.; Tab. 2); (F) Conceição granodiorite presenting small polygonal and sub-rounded K-dioritic enclaves, without structural orientation. Conceição township, typical locality; (G) large K-dioritic enclaves exhibiting centimeter-sized fragments and amphibole-rich cloths. Between Conceição and Ibiara (Barriga 1983Barriga V.M.F. 1983. Petrologia e geoquímica das rochas plutônicas de Conceição-Itaporanga (PB) . Dissertação de Mestrado, Centro de Ciências Geofísicas e Geológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 146p, Cunha 1994Cunha M.A.L. 1994. Petrologia, geoquimica e profundidade de posicionamento dos stocks granodioríticos-tonalíticos de Boa Ventura, Conceição e Pedra Branca, Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil . Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 160p.; Tab. 2); (H) Tavares pluton of syenogranitic to monzogranitic composition with a great amount of large mafic enclaves; (I) concentric magmatic (rhythmic) structure with an elliptical section. Felsic and mafic bands (biotite rich) alternating almost regularly. The core is formed of K-feldspar megacrystals (photo from Pessoa, 2001Pessoa R.J.R. 2001. Mecanismos de alojamento e construção do batólito granítico neoproterozoico de Tavares, Estado da Paraíba - Nordeste do Brasil Tese de Doutorado, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 218p.).

Orogeny	Supersuites	Suites	Examples
NEOPROTEROZOIC	Calc-alkalic	High-K calc-alkalic	Itaporanga, Lagoinha
(Cryogenian-Ediacaran)	Calc-alkalic	Calc-alkalic	Conceição, Emas
Brasiliano Cycle		Trondhjemitic affinities	Serrita, Salgueiro
Brasiliano Cycle		Peralkalic silica-oversaturated	Catingueira, Moderna
	Ultrapotassic/ Shoshonitic	Peralkalic silica-saturated	Triunfo, Terra Nova
		Shoshonitic	Teixeira, Toritama
		Post-orogenic/A-type

Locality name	Petrography	Remarkable minerals and features	Autoliths/xenoliths	Geochemical features	U-Pb Age Ma	Main references
CURRAL CIMA/ JACARAÚ-PB 35o/35º15' - 06º40' Fig. 5A	Tonalites, quartz diorites (Epid.-bearing CA)	Magmatic epidote	Amphibole-rich cloths Remnants of oceanic crust	I-type (VAG) + S- type Peraluminous Low ^εNd values	618 ± 10	*Ferreira et al.* (2014Ferreira V.P., Valley J., Sial A.N., Pessoa R.J., Spicuzza M. 2014. Oceanic crust source-derived Tavares high-K Quartz Monozonite, Borborema Province, NE Brazil: geochemical and isotopic evidence. : Brazilian Geological Congress, 47., Salvador. Anais... Salvador: Núcleo Bahia da SBG, p.285.) Brito Neves et al. (2008**Brito Neves B.B., Mantovani M.S.M., Moraes C.F., Sigolo J.B. 2008. As anomalias geológicas e geofísicas ao norte de Itapororoca (PB), folha Guarabira. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 38(1):1-23.)
CAMPINA GRANDE SERRA REDONDA-PB 35o36'/35o54' - 7o15'	Composition ranging from monzodiorite, granodiorite to quartz monzonite + mafic facies of K-dioritic nature (Epid.-bearing HKCA)	Enclaves within felsic rocks, products of mingling between coeval granitic and dioritic magmas. Mafic rocks with augite		High-K calc-alkaline chemistry VAG Metaluminous	581 ± 1.6	*Almeida et al.* (2002**Almeida C.N., Guimarães I.P., Silva Filho A.F. 2002. Petrogênese de rochas plutônicas félsicas e máficas na Província Borborema, NE do Brasil: o complexo cálcio-alcalino de Alto-K de Campina Grande. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 32:205-216.)
EMAS-PB 37º45' - 7º10' Figs. 5B and 5C	Fine-grained (equigranular) and porphyritic granodiorites (Epid.-bearing CA)	Magmatic epidote, zoned plagioclase	Amphibolites (with biotite and hornblende) Remnants of oceanic crust	I-type (VAG) Metaluminous	-	Goist (1989Goist T.O. 1989. Petrology and geochemistry of the Emas pluton, Northeastern Brazil Master Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 157p.)
BREJINHO-PE 37o15' - 7o22' Figs. 5D and 5E	Porphyritic monzogranitic/granodioritic rocks + quartz diorites (mostly as enclaves) (Epid.-bearing HKCA)	Magmatic epidote, titanite	Quartz diorites, diorites enclaves and dikes (see photo)	I-type + (VAG), High-K calc- alkaline, metaluminous Low ^εNd values	638 ± 15	Torres (2001Torres H.H.F. 2001. Petrologia e geoquímica do batólito cálcio-alcalino de alto-K de Brejinho, domínio da Zona Transversal, Província Borborema, NE do Brasil . Tese de Doutorado, Universidade de Pernambuco, 185p.)
CONCEIÇÃO-PB 38º30' - 07º34' Figs. 5F and 5G	K-diorites, tonalites, hornblende-biotite granodiorites (Epid.-bearing CA)	Hornblende, biotite, magmatic epidote	Quartz diorites, amphibolites	I-type (VAG) High-K calc-alkalic. Meta- to peraluminous	635 ± 9	Cunha (1994Cunha M.A.L. 1994. Petrologia, geoquimica e profundidade de posicionamento dos stocks granodioríticos-tonalíticos de Boa Ventura, Conceição e Pedra Branca, Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil . Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Technological Center, 160p.) Barriga (1983Barriga V.M.F. 1983. Petrologia e geoquímica das rochas plutônicas de Conceição-Itaporanga (PB) . Dissertação de Mestrado, Centro de Ciências Geofísicas e Geológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 146p)
TAVARES-PB 37o54' - 7o36' Figs. 5H and 5I	Syeno-granites, quartz syenites, monzogranites and quartz monzonites Epid.-bearing HKCA	Magmatic epidote Syn-plutonic dykes Ladder dikes and snail structures	Syn-plutonic dikes and magmatic enclaves of K- diorites Amphibolitic, remnants of oceanic crust	I-type (VAG) High K calc-alkalic, metaluminous	651 ± 15	Pessoa (2001Pessoa R.J.R. 2001. Mecanismos de alojamento e construção do batólito granítico neoproterozoico de Tavares, Estado da Paraíba - Nordeste do Brasil Tese de Doutorado, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 218p.) *Brito Neves et al.* (2008Brito Neves B.B., Mantovani M.S.M., Moraes C.F., Sigolo J.B. 2008. As anomalias geológicas e geofísicas ao norte de Itapororoca (PB), folha Guarabira. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 38(1):1-23.) Ferreira et al. (2014**Ferreira V.P., Valley J., Sial A.N., Pessoa R.J., Spicuzza M. 2014. Oceanic crust source-derived Tavares high-K Quartz Monozonite, Borborema Province, NE Brazil: geochemical and isotopic evidence. : Brazilian Geological Congress, 47., Salvador. Anais... Salvador: Núcleo Bahia da SBG, p.285.)
ITAPORANGA -PB 38º09' - 7º16' Figs. 6A-6C	Compositional gradation from K- diorite, monzodiorite, quartz monzonite, granodiorite to granite (interaction of K- diorites and granitic magmas) (Epid.-free HKCA)	Hornblende and biotite. Usually porphyritic rocks K-feldspars up to 10cm ("migmatitic" features are common)	(High-K) quartz diorites, with mingling and mixing features Evidences of successive mafic magma supplies	High-K calc-alkaline (epidote free) granitoids Mostly VAG types (→WPG)	584 ± 2	Mariano (1989Mariano G. 1989. Magma mixing origin of Potassic Calk-alkaline pluton: the Itaporanga Batholith, state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil Master dissertation, University of Georgia, Athens, 180p.) *Mariano et al.* (1990Mariano G., Sial A.N., Herz N. 1990. Oxygen isotope geochemistry of a potassic porphyritic calc-alkaline composite pluton: the Itaporanga Batholith, state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil.Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 20(1-4):159-164.) Mariano & Sial (1990Mariano G., Sial A.N. 1990. Coexistence and mixing of magmas in the late precambrian Itaporanga Batholith, State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 20:101-110.) Ferreira et al. (2004**Ferreira V.P., Sial A.N., Pimentel M.M., Moura C.A.V. 2004. Intermediate to acidic magmatism and crustal evolution in the Transversal Zone, Northeastern Brazil. : Mantesso-Neto V., Bartorelli A., Carneiro C.D.R., Brito Neves B.B. (eds.). Geologia do Continente Sul-Americano - Evolução da Obra de Fernando Flávio Marques de Almeida. Beca, São Paulo, p.189-201.)
SERRA DA LAGOINHA-PB 38º35' - 7º30'	Porphyritic biotite- granites > hornblende-biotite granite Epid.-free HKCA	Titanite, opaque minerals Perthites up to 5- cm long ("flame" > "patch") K-dioritic enclaves, sharp contacts Occasional mafic xenoliths	K-dioritic enclaves, sharp contacts Occasional mafic xenoliths	High-K calc- alkaline Na2O, K2O and TiO2-rich rocks		Barriga (1983Barriga V.M.F. 1983. Petrologia e geoquímica das rochas plutônicas de Conceição-Itaporanga (PB) . Dissertação de Mestrado, Centro de Ciências Geofísicas e Geológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 146p)
EXU-BODOCÓ-PE 39o30'/40o - 7º30'	Porphyritic coarse- grained quartz monzonite, quartz monzodiorite (little variation in composition) "plumose" and "porphyritic" Epid.-free HKCA	Perthitic K- feldspar up to 5- cm long. Calcic- amphiboles, allanite, clinopyroxene	Many mafic enclaves. Some microgranitoid enclaves Mafic dikes with sharp contacts	High-K calc-alkaline (~ Itaporanga)	590 - 560* (Rb - Sr)	McMurry (2001McMurry J. 2001. Crystal accumulation and shearing in a Megacryst Quartz Monzonite: Bodocó Pluton, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Petrology , 42(2):251-276.) McMurry (1995McMurry J. 1995. Mesonorm-based rock names for the Bodocó Pluton, Northeastern Brazil, and other metaluminous megacrystic rocks. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências , 67:289-300.)
SERRITA-PE 39º-16' - 7º-54'/8º-00'	Epidote-bearing and biotite granodiorites predominate in the cores of the stocks + rims of aegirine- granites (Epid.-bearing CA)	Rims of aegirine granite are in topographic relief. Xenoliths of the enclosing rocks are rare	Characteristic circular shapes Near the intrusive contacts, granitic sills following the schistosity of the enclosing rocks	Biotite granodiorites exhibit trondhjemitic affinities and meta- to peraluminous character Aegirine-granites show peralkaline tendency	-	Neves (1986Neves S.P. 1986. Petrologia e geoquímica dos stocks graníticos de Serrita, Pernambuco. Revista Brasileira de Geociências , 16(1):86-94.)
FELSIC DIKES AND SILLS Figs. 7A-7C	Rhyolites, rhyodacites and dacites	0.5 to 2.0-m thick, concordant to sub-concordant with the enclosing schists		VAG, with trondhjemitic affinities	650 - 630	Brito (2014Brito M.F.L. 2014. Metavulcânicas ácidas do Complexo Salgueiro: caracterização e comparação com aquelas do Complexo Riacho Gravatá e Grupo Cachoeirinha, Zona Transversal, Província Borborema, NE Brasil. : Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 47., Salvador. Anais.. . Salvador: SBG, p.121.)

Northern domain (Lithospheric continental segment of the lower plate) Ceará Central + Orós-Jaguaribe + RG do Norte	Transversal zone domain (Lithospheric continental segment of the upper plate) SPAB + RG + TAP + TAM (+ TRC)
Structural grain of older terranes and Brasiliano mobile belts: NNE-SSW	Structural grain of Paleoproterozoic terranes and Tonian and Brasiliano mobile belts: from E-W to ENE-WSW
Paleoproterozoic basement with Paleo-, Meso- and Neoarchean nuclei	Paleoproterozoic (Rhyacian > Orosirian > Siderian) basement with local Neoarchean inliers
Presence of an important terrane - Granja terrane - (Médio Coreaú domain, NW of the province) composed of TTG orthogneisses and kinzigites of Siderian age	-
Presence of a belt composed of a Statherian volcano-sedimentary sequence plus anorogenic granites deformed during Brasiliano events (Jaguaribeano Belt, Ceará state)	Rare Statherian anorthosite magmatism
apparently missing	Sparse Mesoproterozoic (Calymmian, Ectasian, Stenian) felsic magmatism during local extensional events
apparently missing	Late Stenian to Early Tonian accretionary and collisional processes (Cariris Velhos Orogeny: 1.050-930 Ma); rare anorogenic intrusions
Intracontinental Neoproterozoic mobile belts deforming Statherian and Cryogenian-Ediacaran volcano-sedimentary sequences at ca. 600-580 Ma, followed by magmatism from 560 Ma onwards, including dikes and pegmatites	apparently missing
Important accretionary belt (NNE-SSW) in western Ceará (Santa Quitéria arc, >300 km long), including arc plutonism and retroeclogites, probable continuation of the (Pan-African) Pharusian belt in the South-American continent	Neoproterozoic mobile belts recording subduction, accretion and collision; varied arc and collision plutonisms (635-580 Ma); rare late-orogenic events. The main arc extends for more than 750 km, from northeast of João Pessoa, to the east, up to the Pernambuco-Piauí border, to the west
Important tectonic inheritance in Cambro- Ordovician basins; moderate to poor inheritance in Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary covers	Both Meso-Cenozoic interior and Atlantic marginal basins display important tectonic inheritance from the structural trends of the subprovince
Shear zone characterized by melt-assisted intracrystalline dislocation (to the north of the Patos Lineament)	South border of the Patos Lineament marked by low- to medium-grade reactivation, dominated by solid state movements
Several remnants of Cambro-Ordovician volcano- sedimentary basins, associated with anorogenic (granitic) intrusions	Only two or three sparse occurrences of Cambro- Ordovician volcano-sedimentary remnants; Cambro-Ordovician granites unknown up to now
Important and varied metallogenetic provinces of different ages: magnesite, scheelite (W, Mo), Be- Ta, Li pegmatites, P-U, Au, etc.	Modest and sparse mineral resources, mainly non- metallic deposits; some Fe-Ti±V±Cr±Cu occurrences
Crust and lithosphere thicknesses less than those of the Transversal Zone. Moho ca. 31.5 km deep	Crust and lithosphere relatively thicker than those of the Rio Grande do Norte terrane. Moho ca. 32-33 km deep; thickening from the Malta shear zone onwards (northern limit of the keyrogen)
The most magnetic crust of the province; gravity and magnetic sources related to Archean nuclei and to volcano-sedimentary association (+ K- diorites) of the Mataraca-Fronteiras keirogen	Marked gravity zoning in alternating sigmoidal positive and negative NE-SW belts, coinciding with magnetic zoning: dense and magnetic rocks vs. less dense and magnetic rocks
Lower crust and lithospheric mantle affected by Meso-Cenozoic pure and stretching events. Part of the continental margin was developed (Mid- Cretaceous) following transform displacements	Apparently the Transversal Zone behaved as a barrier against the propagation of the Meso- Cenozoic deformation to the south

[1] Corresponding author.

Brasil

Brasil

A preserved early Ediacaran magmatic arc at the northernmost portion of the Transversal Zone central subprovince of the Borborema Province, Northeastern South America

Arco magmático eoediacarano na porção setentrional da Zona Transversal, sub-província central da Província Borborema, nordeste da América do Sul

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