|
Great monkeys (apes)
|
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
Pan troglodytes spp. |
51/268 |
58/810–10/14 |
chHBV. Evidence for a recombination between goHBV and ch-derived HBV |
Njouom et al.5959. Njouom R, Mba SAS, Nerrienet E, et al. Detection and characterization of hepatitis B virus strains from wild-caught gorillas and chimpanzees in Cameroon, Central Africa. Infet Genet Evol. 2010;10:790–6.(Cameroon) |
|
|
|
chHBV. Recombination between HBV P. t. troglodytes and P. t. vellerosus strains |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Cameroon, Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Makuwa et al.6161. Makuwa M, Souquiere S, Telfer P, et al. Hepatitis viruses in non-human primates. J Med Primatol. 2006;35:384–7.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
|
|
|
– |
Starkman et al.2323. Starkman SE, MacDonald DM, Lewis JC, Holmes EC, Simmonds P. Geographic and species association of hepatitis B virus genotypes in non-human primates. Virology. 2003;314:381–93. (Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Takahashi et al.2929. Takahashi K, Mishiro S, Prince AM. Novel hepatitis B virus strain from a chimpanzee of Central Africa (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) with an unusual antigenicity of the core protein. Intervirology. 2001;44:321–6. (Sierraleone and Gabon) |
|
|
|
chHBV, that can be a recombination between human HBV and go/ch HBV |
Hu et al.2727. Hu XL, Javadian A, Gagneux P, et al. Paired chimpanzee hepatitis B virus (ChHBV) and mtDNA sequences suggest different ChHBV genetic variants are found in geographically distinct chimpanzee subspecies. Virus Res. 2001;79:103–8.(USA) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
MacDonald et al.2828. MacDonald DM, Holmes EC, Lewis JC, et al. Detection of hepatitis B virus infection in wild-born chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus): phylogenetic relationships with human and other primate genotypes. J Virol. 2000;74:4253–7. (Cameroon and United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Hu et al.2626. Hu XL, Margolis HS, Purcell RH, et al. Identification of hepatitis B virus indigenous to chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97:1661–4.(USA) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Takahashi et al.5151. Takahashi K, Brotman B, Usuda S, et al. Full-genome sequence analyses of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains recovered from chimpanzees infected in the wild: implications for an origin of HBV. Virology. 2000;267:58–64. (Liberia) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Grethe et al.3030. Grethe S, Heckel JO, Rietschel W, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus variants in nonhuman primates. J Virol. 2000;74:5377–81.(Germany) |
|
|
|
chHBV |
Ogata et al.6262. Ogata N, Ostberg L, Ehrlich PH, et al. Markedly prolonged incubation period of hepatitis B in a chimpanzee passively immunized with a human monoclonal antibody to the a determinant of hepatitis B surface antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:3014–8.(USA) |
|
|
|
HBV (experimental infection) |
Vaudin et al.6363. Vaudin M, Wolstenholme AJ, Tsiquaye KN, et al. The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of a hepatitis B virus isolated from a naturally infected chimpanzee. J Gen Virol. 1988;69:1383–9.(United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
HBV (PCR) |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
|
|
|
HBV (serological tests) |
Zuckerman et al.6565. Zuckerman AJ, Thornton A, Howard CR, et al. Hepatitis B outbreak among chimpanzees at the London Zoo. Lancet. 1978;2:652–4. (United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
HBV (serological tests) |
Starkman et al.2323. Starkman SE, MacDonald DM, Lewis JC, Holmes EC, Simmonds P. Geographic and species association of hepatitis B virus genotypes in non-human primates. Virology. 2003;314:381–93. (Taiwan – tested in United Kingdom) |
Pongo pygmaeus spp. |
32/104 |
58/141–1/14 |
– |
Davis et al.6666. Davis HL, Suparto II, Weeratna RR, et al. CpG DNA overcomes hyporesponsiveness to hepatitis B vaccine in orangutans. Vaccine. 2000;18:1920–4.(Canada) |
|
|
|
– |
Warren et al.3131. Warren KS, Heeney JL, Swan RA, et al. A new group of hepadnaviruses naturally infecting oran-gutans (Pongo pygmaeus). J Virol. 1999;73:7860–5.(Indonesia) |
|
|
|
orHBV |
Vaudin et al.6363. Vaudin M, Wolstenholme AJ, Tsiquaye KN, et al. The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of a hepatitis B virus isolated from a naturally infected chimpanzee. J Gen Virol. 1988;69:1383–9.(United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
HBV (PCR) |
Sall et al.6767. Sall AA, Starkman S, Reynes JM, et al. Frequent infection of Hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) with species-associated variants of hepatitis B virus in Cambodia. J Gen Virol. 2005;86:333–7.(Cambodia) |
Hylobates spp. |
66/211 |
53/225–48/130 |
gbHBV |
Starkman et al.2323. Starkman SE, MacDonald DM, Lewis JC, Holmes EC, Simmonds P. Geographic and species association of hepatitis B virus genotypes in non-human primates. Virology. 2003;314:381–93. (Taiwan – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Aiba et al.6868. Aiba N, Nishimura H, Arakawa Y, et al. Complete nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analyses of hepatitis B virus isolated from two pileated gibbons. Virus Genes. 2003;27:219–26.(Japan) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Noppornpanth et al.6969. Noppornpanth S, Haagmans BL, Bhattarakosol P, et al. Molecular epidemiology of gibbon hepatitis B virus transmission. J Gen Virol. 2003;84:147–55. (Thailand) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Grethe et al.3030. Grethe S, Heckel JO, Rietschel W, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus variants in nonhuman primates. J Virol. 2000;74:5377–81.(Germany, France, Thailand, and Vietnam–tested in Germany) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Thornton et al.7070. Thornton SM, Walker S, Zuckerman JN. Management of hepatitis B virus infections in two gibbons and a western lowland gorilla in a zoological collection. Vet Rec. 2001;149:113–5. (United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Lanford et al.2525. Lanford RE, Chavez D, Rico-Hesse R, et al. Hepadnavirus infection in captive gibbons. J Virol. 2000;74:2955–9.(USA) |
|
|
|
HBV (PCR) |
Norder et al.7171. Norder H, Ebert JW, Fields HA, et al. Complete sequencing of a gibbon hepatitis B virus genome reveals a unique genotype distantly related to the chimpanzee hepatitis B virus. Virology. 1996;218:214–23.(Thailand–tested in USA) |
|
|
|
gbHBV |
Vaudin et al.6363. Vaudin M, Wolstenholme AJ, Tsiquaye KN, et al. The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of a hepatitis B virus isolated from a naturally infected chimpanzee. J Gen Virol. 1988;69:1383–9.(United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
HBV (PCR) |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
Gorilla gorilla spp. |
14/68 |
5/55–0/14 |
goHBV. Evidence for a recombination between goHBV and ch-derived HBV |
Njouom et al.5959. Njouom R, Mba SAS, Nerrienet E, et al. Detection and characterization of hepatitis B virus strains from wild-caught gorillas and chimpanzees in Cameroon, Central Africa. Infet Genet Evol. 2010;10:790–6.(Cameroon) |
|
|
|
goHBV |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
|
|
|
– |
Thornton et al.7070. Thornton SM, Walker S, Zuckerman JN. Management of hepatitis B virus infections in two gibbons and a western lowland gorilla in a zoological collection. Vet Rec. 2001;149:113–5. (United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
goHBV |
Grethe et al.3030. Grethe S, Heckel JO, Rietschel W, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus variants in nonhuman primates. J Virol. 2000;74:5377–81.(Germany) |
|
|
|
goHBV |
Zuckerman et al.6565. Zuckerman AJ, Thornton A, Howard CR, et al. Hepatitis B outbreak among chimpanzees at the London Zoo. Lancet. 1978;2:652–4. (United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
HBV (serological tests) |
|
Old world monkeys
|
Dickens, 20137878. Dickens C, Kew MC, Purcell RH, Kramvis A. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Chacma baboons, South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(4):598–605.(South Africa) |
Papio spp. |
19/97 |
0/176–4/111 |
HBV, subgenotype A2 |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
– |
Baptista et al.7272. Baptista M, Kramvis A, Jammeh S, et al. Follow up of infection of chacma baboons with inoculum containing A and non-A genotypes of hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol. 2003;9:731–5. (South Africa) |
|
|
|
HBV (experimental infection) |
Michaels et al.7373. Michaels MG, Lanford R, Demetris AJ, et al. Lack of susceptibility of baboons to infection with hepatitis B virus. Transplantation. 1996;61:350–1. (USA) |
|
|
|
– |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
|
|
|
HBV (serological tests) |
Dupinay et al.3535. Dupinay T, Gheit T, Roques P, et al. Discovery of naturally occurring transmissible chronic hepatitis B virus infection among Macaca fascicular is from mauritius island. Hepatology. 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26428...
(Mauritius Island) |
Cercopithecus spp. |
0/37 |
0/121–0/102 |
– |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
– |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
|
|
|
– |
Starkman et al.2323. Starkman SE, MacDonald DM, Lewis JC, Holmes EC, Simmonds P. Geographic and species association of hepatitis B virus genotypes in non-human primates. Virology. 2003;314:381–93. (Cameroon and Nigeria – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
– |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
|
|
|
– |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
Mandrillus spp. |
1/109 |
0/252–0/252 |
Incomplete data |
Starkman et al.2323. Starkman SE, MacDonald DM, Lewis JC, Holmes EC, Simmonds P. Geographic and species association of hepatitis B virus genotypes in non-human primates. Virology. 2003;314:381–93. (Cameroon and Nigeria – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
– |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
Miopithecus talapoin
|
– |
0/5–0/5 |
– |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
Cercocebus (Lophocebus)
|
1/14 |
0/6–0/6 |
Incomplete data |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
albigena
|
|
|
– |
Makuwa et al.6060. Makuwa M, Souquière S, Bourry O, et al. Complete-genome analysis of hepatitis B virus from wild-born chimpanzees in central Africa demonstrates a strain-specific geographical cluster. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2679–85.(Republic of Congo and Gabon) |
Chlorocebus aethiops
|
– |
0/29–0/29 |
– |
Dupinay et al.3535. Dupinay T, Gheit T, Roques P, et al. Discovery of naturally occurring transmissible chronic hepatitis B virus infection among Macaca fascicular is from mauritius island. Hepatology. 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26428...
(Mauritius Island) |
Macaca spp. |
31/120 |
0/223–0/223 |
Sequence was close to HBV genotype D subtype ayw3 |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
|
|
|
– |
Lyons et al.2222. Lyons S, Sharp C, LeBreton M, et al. Species association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in non-human apes; evidence for recombination between gorilla and chimpanzee variants. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e33430.(Cameroon – tested in United Kingdom) |
Erythrocebus patas
|
0/3 |
– |
– |
|
New world monkeys
|
Lanford et al.3232. Lanford RE, Chavez D, Brasky KM, et al. Isolation of a hepadnavirus from the woolly monkey, a New World primate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:5757–61.(USA) |
Lagothrix lagotricha
|
10/35 |
7/31–X |
WMHBV |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
Saimiri sciureus
|
– |
0/20–X |
– |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
Callithrix jacchus
|
– |
0/6–X |
– |
Eichberg and Kalter6464. Eichberg JW, Kalter SS. Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. Lab Anim Sci. 1980;30:541–3. (USA) |
Saguinus oedipus
|
– |
0/12–X |
– |